长三角地区南京市表土重金属污染特征及源解析

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (5514 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要以南京市主城区浅表层土壤为例,分析长三角地区典型工业城市土壤重金属Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn的污染特征,并用克里金法与多元统计分析法,解析土壤重金属来源.结果表明:南京市主城区土壤中Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn均存在富集现象,含量均值分别为0.24、76.9、36.45、707.22、35.48、32.65和99.75mg/kg.从空间分布特征来看,南京市土壤重金属元素Zn、Cu、Cd和Pb在工业区含量较高,Zn、Cu及Pb在老城区存在高值;Ni、Cr在工业区含量普遍较高,在老城区含量整体较低;Mn分布趋势较平缓,且与其他6种重金属元素分布特征明显不同.结合主成分分析与聚类分析结果可知,南京市土壤中Zn、Cu、Cd、Pb主要受工业和交通活动的影响,Ni和Cr主要受工业活动影响,Mn主要为自然来源.工业与交通活动是造成长三角地区工业城市土壤重金属污染的重要原因,同时也是长三角地区土壤重金属污染治理的重要方向.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	杨昱莹
	刘亮
	陈明
	赖涓涓
	王彦瑜
	郝燕芳

关键词 ：城市表土, 土壤重金属, 空间分布, 物源解析, 长三角地区, 南京市

Abstract：This study examined the pollution characteristics of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the shallow soils of Nanjing’s urban core, a typical industrial city in the Yangtze River Delta. The sources of heavy metals in the soil were interpreted using kriging and multivariate statistical analysis methods. The results showed that Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were all enriched in the soil of the main urban area of Nanjing, with average contents of 0.24, 76.9, 36.45, 707.22, 35.48, 32.65, and 99.75mg/kg, respectively. From the perspective of spatial distribution characteristics, it was found that the contents of heavy metal elements Zn, Cu, Cd, and Pb in the soil of Nanjing were higher in industrial areas. High values of Zn, Cu, and Pb were observed in the old urban areas. The contents of Ni and Cr were generally higher in industrial areas and lower in the old urban areas. The distribution trend of Mn was relatively gentle and significantly different from the other six heavy metal elements. Based on the results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis, it could be determined that Zn, Cu, Cd, and Pb in the soil of Nanjing were mainly affected by industrial and transportation activities. Ni and Cr were primarily influenced by industrial activities, while Mn was mainly from natural sources. Industrial and transportation activities were identified as important causes of heavy metal pollution in the soil of industrial cities in the Yangtze River Delta region. They were also crucial directions for the prevention and control of soil heavy metal pollution in the Yangtze River Delta region.

Key words： urban topsoil soil heavy metal spatial distribution sources analysis Yangtze River Delta Nanjing

收稿日期: 2023-11-09

PACS:

X53

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(42277352)

通讯作者: 刘亮,副研究员,liuliang@njfu.edu.cn E-mail: liuliang@njfu.edu.cn

作者简介: 杨昱莹(1999-),女,广西百色人,南京林业大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为城市土壤退化与环境磁学.发表论文2篇.yuyingyang99@163.com.

引用本文:

杨昱莹, 刘亮, 陈明, 赖涓涓, 王彦瑜, 郝燕芳. 长三角地区南京市表土重金属污染特征及源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(7): 3910-3918. YANG Yu-ying, LIU Liang, CHEN Ming, LAI Juan-juan, WANG Yan-yu, HAO Yan-fang. Characterization and source analysis of topsoil heavy metal pollution in Nanjing, Yangtze River Delta Region. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(7): 3910-3918.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I7/3910

[1] Duzgoren-Aydin N S, Wong C S C, Song Z G, et al. Fate of heavy metal contaminants in road dusts and gully sediments in Guangzhou, SE China: A chemical and mineralogical assessment [J]. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2006,12(2):374–389.
[2] 吕建树,何华春.江苏海岸带土壤重金属来源解析及空间分布[J]. 环境科学, 2018,39(6):2853-2864. Lv J S, He H C. Identifying the origins and spatial distributions of heavy metals in the soils of the Jiangsu Coast [J]. Environmental Science, 2018,39(6):2853-2864.
[3] 尹芳,封凯,尹翠景,等.青海典型工业区耕地土壤重金属评价及源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021,41(11):5217-5226. Yin F, Feng K, Yin C J, et al. Evaluation and source analysis of heavy metal in cultivated soil around typical industrial district of Qinghai province [J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,41(11):5217-5226.
[4] He Y, Peng C, Zhang Y, et al. Comparison of heavy metals in urban soil and dust in cities of China: characteristics and health risks [J]. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2023,20(2):2247-2258.
[5] Ma J H, Singhirunnusorn W. Distribution and health risk assessment of heavy metals in surface dusts of Maha Sarakham Municipality [J]. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012,50:280-293.
[6] Ogunbileje J O, Sadagoparamanujam V M, Anetor J I, et al. Lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, calcium, iron, manganese and chromium (VI) levels in Nigeria and United States of America cement dust [J]. Chemosphere, 2013,90(11):2743-2749.
[7] 纪小凤,郑娜,王洋,等.中国城市土壤重金属污染研究现状及展望! [J]. 土壤与作物, 2016,5(1):42-47. Ji X F, Zheng N, Wang Y, et al. Heavy metal contamination of urban soils in China: Recent advances and prospects [J]. Soils and Crops, 2016,5(1):42-47.
[8] 和莉莉,李冬梅,吴钢.我国城市土壤重金属污染研究现状和展望[J]. 土壤通报, 2008,(5):1210-1216. He L L, Li D M, Wu G. Heavy metal contamination of urban soils in China: State and prospect [J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2008,(5):1210-1216.
[9] 尚卫,薛智凤,艾昊,等.土壤中重金属污染研究进展[J]. 农业与技术, 2022,42(21):81-84. Shang W, Xue Z F, Ai H, et al. Progress of research on heavy metal pollution in soil [J]. Agriculture and Technology, 2022,42(21):81-84.
[10] 夏增禄,李森照,穆从如,等.北京地区重金属在土壤中的纵向分布和迁移[J]. 环境科学学报, 1985,5(1):105-112. Xia Z L, Li S Z, Mu C R, et al. Vertical distribution and transport of heavy metals in soils in the Beijing area [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 1985,5(1):105-112.
[11] 陈明,刘亮.采样间隔对城市表土剖面磁化率变化的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2023,47(6):61-69. Chen M, Liu L. Study on the effect of urban topsoil sampling interval on the variation pattern of magnetic susceptibility of soil profile [J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2023,47(6):61-69.
[12] 陈轶楠,张永清,张希云,等.晋南某钢厂周边土壤重金属与磁化率分布规律及其相关性研究[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2014,28(1):85-91. Chen Y N, Zhang Y Q, Zhang X Y, et al. Distributions of soil heavy metal elements and magnetic susceptibility and their correlativity around a steel factory in southern Shanxi province [J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2014,28(1):85-91.
[13] Ma L, Yang Z, Li L, et al. Source identification and risk assessment of heavy metal contaminations in urban soils of Changsha, a mine-impacted city in Southern China [J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016,23(17):17058–17066.
[14] 谢小进,康建成,李卫江,等.上海宝山区农用土壤重金属分布与来源分析[J]. 环境科学, 2010,31(3):768-774. Xie X J, Kang J C, Li W J, et al. Analysis on heavy metal concentrations in agricultural soils of Baoshan, Shanghai [J]. Environmental Science, 2010,31(3):768-774.
[15] Huang S, Wang L Y, Zhao Y. Ecological risk assessment from the perspective of soil heavy metal accumulations in Xiamen city, China [J]. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 2018,25(5):411-419.
[16] Zhao L, Xu Y F, Hou H, et al. Source identification and health risk assessment of metals in urban soils around the Tanggu chemical industrial district, Tianjin, China [J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2014,468:654-662.
[17] Li Z C, Lu W C, Huang J L. Monitoring, diffusion and source speculation model of urban soil pollution [J]. Processes, 2022,8(11): 1339.
[18] 卢瑛,龚子同,张甘霖,等.南京城市土壤重金属含量及其影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004,15(1):123-126. Lu Y, Gong Z T, Zhang G L, et al. Heavy metal concentration in Nanjing urban soils and their affecting factors [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004,15(1):123-126.
[19] 段雪梅,蔡焕兴,巢文军.南京市表层土壤重金属污染特征及污染来源[J]. 环境科学与管理, 2010,35(10):31-34,77. Duan X M, Cai H X, Chao W J. Study on the characteristics and the origin of heavy metal pollution in different functional regions of Nanjing [J]. Environmental Science and Management, 2010,35(10): 31-34,77.
[20] 郑海龙,陈杰,邓文杰,等.南京城市边缘带化工园区土壤重金属污染评价[J]. 环境科学学报, 2005,25(9):1182-1188. Zheng H L, Chen J, Deng W J, et al. Assessment of soil heavy metals pollution in the chemical industrial areas of Nanjing peri-urban zone [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2005,25(9):1182-1188.
[21] 毛香菊,邹安华,马亚梦,等.南京某铁矿区矿业活动对土壤重金属的累积效应[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2016,8(4):50-55. Mao X J, Zou A H, Ma Y M, et al. The cumulative effects of mining activities on the heavy metals in soils of an iron mine in Nanjing [J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2016,8(4):50-55.
[22] 袁润杰,于高伟,邱晓蕾,等.区域土壤重金属空间差异及对蔬菜品质安全影响的分析——以南京八卦洲、江心洲为例[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2015,34(8):1498-1507. Yuan R J, Yu G W, Qiu X L, et al. Regionally spatial variation of soil heavy metals and their influences on vegetable quality: A case study of Baguazhou and Jiangxinzhou, Nanjing, China [J]. Journal of Agro- Environment Science, 2015,34(8):1498-1507.
[23] 陈锐,杜双杰,徐伟,等.南京城郊某典型退耕农用地土壤重金属含量特征与污染评价分析[J]. 环境工程, 2022,40(3):102-110,165. Chen R, Du S J, Xu W, et al. Concentration characteristics and pollution assessment of heavy metals in soil of a withdrawal cultivated land in suburb of Nanjing [J]. Environmental Engineering, 2022, 40(3):102-110,165.
[24] 刘强,吴奇,吴灿,等.南京八卦洲农用地表层土壤重金属分布特征及风险评价[J]. 环境保护科学, 2020,46(2):127-136. Liu Q, Wu Q, Wu C, et al. Distribution characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in topsoil of agricultural land in Baguazhou of Nanjing [J]. Environmental Protection Science, 2020, 46(2):127-136.
[25] 谢龙涛,潘剑君,白浩然,等.基于GIS的农田土壤重金属空间分布及污染评价——以南京市江宁区某乡镇为例[J]. 土壤学报, 2020, 57(2):316-325. Xie L T, Pan J J, Bai H R, et al. GIS-based spatial distribution and risk assessment of heavy metals in farmland soils: A case study of a town of Jiangning, Nanjing [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2020,57(2):316- 325.
[26] 董騄睿,胡文友,黄标,等.南京沿江典型蔬菜生产系统土壤重金属异常的源解析[J]. 土壤学报, 2014,51(6):1251-1261. Dong L R, Hu W Y, Huang B, et al. Sources of heavy metals in soils of a typical vegetable production system along Yangtze River in Nnanjing [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2014,51(6):1251-1261.
[27] 周文鳞,李仁英,岳海燕,等.南京江北地区菜地土壤有效态重金属的含量及空间分异特征[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2010,29(3):451-457. Zhou W L, Li R Y, Yue H Y, et al. Concentrations and spatial distribution characteristics of available heavy metals in vegetable soils in Jiangbei Area of Nanjing City [J]. Journal of Agro- Environment Science, 2010,29(3):451-457.
[28] 房世波,潘剑君,成杰民,等.南京市郊蔬菜地土壤中重金属含量的时空变化规律[J]. 土壤与环境, 2002,11(44):339-342. Fang S B, Pan J J, Cheng J M, et al. Spatio-temporal distributions of soil heavy meals in vegetable plots in Nanjing [J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2002,11(44):339-342.
[29] Fang S B, Hu H, Sun W C, et al. Spatial variations of heavy metals in the soils of vegetable-growing land along urban-rural gradient of Nanjing, China [J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2011,8(6):1805-1816.
[30] Zhang T, Liu F, Yu X Z, et al. Risk assessment and ecotoxicological diagnosis of soil from a chemical industry park in Nanjing, China-All Databases [J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021,30(7):1303-1314.
[31] Lukasik A, Gruba P, Magiera T. Application of magnetometry to assess distribution of dust pollution in topsoil of under-crown area of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) [J]. Catena, 2017,150:246-255.
[32] Jiao S, Chen Z H, Yu A H, et al. Evaluation of the heavy metal pollution ecological risk in topsoil: a case study from Nanjing, China [J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2022,81(23):532.
[33] 刘亮.一种便携式表层原状土采集装置:中国:ZL20212058684.6[P]. 2021-03-23. Liu L. A portable topsoil collection device for topsoil in situ, ZL20212058684.6[P]. 2021-3-23.
[34] Wang Y Q, Yang L Y, Kong L H, et al. Spatial distribution, ecological risk assessment and source identification for heavy metals in surface sediments from Dongping Lake, Shandong, East China [J]. Catena, 2015,125:200-205.
[35] Facchinelli A, Sacchi E, Mallen L. Multivariate statistical and GIS-based approach to identify heavy metal sources in soils [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2001,114(3):313-324.
[36] Rodriguez Martin J a, Ramos-Miras J J, Boluda R, et al. Spatial relations of heavy metals in arable and greenhouse soils of a Mediterranean environment region(Spain) [J]. Geoderma, 2013,200: 180-188.
[37] Lu X, Wang L, Li L Y, et al. Multivariate statistical analysis of heavy metals in street dust of Baoji, NW China [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010,173(1-3):744–749.
[38] 王天阳,王国祥.昆承湖水质参数空间分布特征研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2007,27(8):1384-1390. Wang T Y, Wang G X. Spatial distribution of water quality parameters in Lake Kuncheng [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2007,27(8): 1384-1390.
[39] 宋金茜,朱权,姜小三,等.基于GIS的农业土壤重金属风险评价研究——以南京市八卦洲为例[J]. 土壤学报, 2017,54(1):81-91. Song J Q, Zhu Q, J iang X S, et al. GIS-based heavy metals risk assessment of agricultural soils-A case study of Baguazhou, Nanjing [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2017,54(1):81-91.
[40] 中国环境监测总站.中国土壤元素背景值[M]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社, 1990:330-378. China Environmental Monitoring Center (CEMC). Background values of soil elements in China [M]. Beijing: China Environmental Press, 1990:330-378.
[41] Zhang J Y, Yu F, Pang S D, et al. Spatial distribution and pollution assessment of potentially toxic elements in urban forest soil of Nanjing, China [J]. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2019,28(4): 3015-3024.
[42] Yan Y, Han L, Yu R L, et al. Background determination, pollution assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in estuarine sediments from Quanzhou Bay, southeast China [J]. Catena, 2020,187:104322.
[43] Liu P, Wu Q M, Wang X K, et al. Spatiotemporal variation and sources of soil heavy metals along the lower reaches of Yangtze River, China [J]. Chemosphere, 2022,291:132768.
[44] 周艳,陈樯,邓绍坡,等.西南某铅锌矿区农田土壤重金属空间主成分分析及生态风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2018,39(6):2884-2892. Zhou Y, Chen Q, Deng S P, et al. Principal component analysis and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in farmland soils around a Pb-Zn mine in Southwestern China [J]. Environmental Science, 2018,39(6):2884-2892.
[45] Qi L, Zhang Y F, Ma Y H, et al. Source identification of trace elements in the atmosphere during the second Asian Youth Games in Nanjing, China: Influence of control measures on air quality [J]. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2016,7(3):547-556.
[46] Tokalioglu S, Kartal S. Multivariate analysis of the data and speciation of heavy metals in street dust samples from the Organized Industrial District in Kayseri (Turkey) [J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2006, 40(16):2797-2805.
[47] Al-Khashman O A. Determination of metal accumulation in deposited street dusts in Amman Jordan, Environ. Geochem [J]. Health, 2007, 29(1):1–10.
[48] 张云,张宇峰,胡忻.南京不同功能区街道路面积尘重金属污染评价与源分析[J]. 环境科学研究, 2010,23(11):1376-1381. Zhang Y, Zhang Y F, Hu X. Assessment of heavy metal contamination and source identification of dust deposited on roads collected from different land-use zones in Nanjing [J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2010,23(11):1376-1381.
[49] 杭小帅,王火焰,周健民.长江三角洲地区土壤重金属污染的防治与调控[J]. 土壤通报, 2013,44(1):245-251. Hang X S, Wang H Y, Zhou J M. Prevention, control and regulation of soil heavy metal pollution in the Yangtze River Delta region [J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2013,44(1):245-251.
[50] Li J G, Pu L J, Zhu M, et al. Spatial pattern of heavy metal concentration in the soil of rapid urbanization area: A case of Ehu Town, Wuxi City, Eastern China [J]. Environ. Earth Sci., 2014,71(8): 3355–3362.
[51] 贾华清,章明奎.杭州市城市土壤重金属的积累和释放潜力及其空间分异[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2007,33(6):677- 684. Jia H Q, Zhang M K. Accumulation, release potential and spatial variation of heavy metals in urban soils of Hangzhou City [J]. Journal of Zhejiang University(Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2007,33(6): 677-684.
[52] Wang S Y, Zhang Y B, Cheng J L, et al. Pollution assessment and source apportionment of soil heavy metals in a coastal industrial city, Zhejiang, Southeastern China [J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022,19(6): 3335.
[53] Huang S L, Li Q Xu, D S, et al. Heavy metal pollution in Suzhou urban soils and its health risk assessment [C]//Durnten-Zurich: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2012,534:244-248.
[54] 王学松,秦勇.徐州城市表层土壤中重金属元素的富积特征与来源识别[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2006,35(1):84-88. Wang X S, Qin Y. Accumulation and identification of heavy metals in Xuzhou urban topsoil [J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2006,35(1):84-88.
[55] Wang G, Liu H Q, Gong Y, et al. Risk assessment of metals in urban soils from a typical industrial city, Suzhou, Eastern China [J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2017,14(9):1025.