对混合动力汽车进行了全球统一轻型车辆测试循环工况(WLTC)和实际行驶污染物排放(RDE)测试,评估了混合动力车辆相对于传统燃油车的减氨效益,同时分析了基于不同混合动力技术路线车辆、不同电量模式下测试得到的NH3排放特征差异.研究发现,混合动力技术对于降低NH3排放存在一定效果,在消耗同等燃料的前提下,采用非插电式混合动力技术NH3排放可下降56.07%,采用插电式混合动力技术可下降 94.43%,可插电式混合动力车辆与不可插电式混合动力车辆NH3排放峰值出现的时刻有所差别,车辆在电量增加模式下因为需燃烧更多的燃料为电池充电,过量空气系数较小,催化器还原环境较强,使NH3排放大于电量消耗模式.
Abstract
World Light Vehicle Test Cycle (WLTC) and Real Drive Emission (RDE) tests were conducted on hybrid vehicles, and compared the ammonia reduction benefits of hybrid vehicles relative to conventional fuel vehicles. It also analyzed the differences in ammonia emission characteristics obtained from different hybrid technology routes and different battery charge modes. The study found that hybrid technology has a certain effect on reducing ammonia emissions. Under the same fuel consumption, the use of non-plug-in hybrid technology can reduce ammonia emissions by 56.07%, while the use of plug-in hybrid technology can reduce ammonia emissions by 94.43%. The timing of the peak ammonia emissions differs between plug-in hybrid vehicles and non-plug-in hybrid vehicles. In the mode of increasing battery charge, the vehicles need to burn more fuel to charge the battery, resulting in a smaller excess air coefficient and a stronger catalyst reduction environment, which leads to higher ammonia emissions compared to the mode of consuming battery charge.
关键词
NH3排放 /
电量状态 /
混合动力汽车 /
三元催化器 /
瞬时排放
Key words
ammonia emissions /
battery status /
hybrid electric vehicle /
instantaneous emissions /
three-way catalys
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Pinder R W, Adams P J, Pandis S N. Ammonia emission controls as a cost-effective strategy for reducing atmospheric particulate matter in the eastern united states[J]. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2007,41:380-386.
[2] Chow J C, Watson J G, Fujita E M, et al. Temporal and spatial variations of PM2.5 and PM10 aerosol in the southern California air quality study[J]. Atmos. Environ., 1994,28:2061-2080.
[3] Chen W, Xue Z G, Ying N, et al. Agricultural ammonia emission inventory and characteristics analysis of typical cities in Huanghuai Plain:take Bozhou City as an example[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2021,11(3):476-483.
[4] Cheng G, Li J, Wang X, et al. Atmospheric ammonia pollution in the traffic environment of Beijing City in spring[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantia.2016,36(8),2803-2810.
[5] Behera S N, Sharma M, Aneja V P,et al. Ammonia in the atmosphere:a review on emission sources, atmospheric chemistry and deposition on terrestrial bodies[J]. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2013,20(11):8092-131.
[6] Li S Y, Lang J L, Zhou Y, et al. Trends in ammonia emissions from light-duty gasoline vehicles in China, 1999~2017[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020,700,134359.
[7] Erisman J W, Domburg N, Vries W D, et al. The Dutch N-cascade in the European perspective[J]. Science in China (Series C:Life Sciences), 2005,(S2):827-842.
[8] SUAREZ B R, ASTORG C. Unregulated emissions from light-duty hybrid electric vehicles[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2016,136:134-143.
[9] Anej V P, Chauhan J P, Walker J. Characterization of atmospheric ammonia emissions from swine waste storage and treatment lagoons[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2000,105(D9).
[10] Misselbrook T H, Weerden T J V D, Pain B F, et al. Ammonia emission factors for UK agriculture[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2000,34(6).
[11] Sutton M A, Dragosits U, Tang Y S, et al. Ammonia emissions from non-agricultural sources in the UK[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2000,34(6):855-869.
[12] Kean A J, Littlejohn D, Ban-Weiss G A, et al.Trends in on-road vehicle emissions of ammonia[J].Atmospheric Environment, 2009, 43(8):1565-1570.
[13] Cheng G, Duan J, Li J X, et al. Analysis of atmosoheric ammonia pollution level in Beijing traffic environment[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental, 2018,13(3):193-207.
[14] Livingston C, Rieger P, Winner A. Ammonia emissions from a representative in-use fleet of light and medium-duty vehicles in the California South Coast Air Basin[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2009,43(21):3326-3333.
[15] Liu Y S, Ge Y S, Tan J W,et al.Research on ammonia emissions characteristics from light-duty gasoline vehicles[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021,106:182-193.
[16] Vba B, Jvda B. Ammonia emissions from a light-duty vehicle[J]. Transportation Research Part D:Transport and Environment, 2017,51:53-61.
[17] 韩亚欣,谭建伟,杨佳,等.WLTC循环下汽油车NH3排放影响因素分析[J]. 环境科学研究, 2019,32(4):654-661. Han Y X, Tan J W, Yang J, et al. Analysis of factors affecting ammonia emission from gasoline vehicles under WLTC cycle[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2019,32(4):654-661.
[18] 罗佳鑫,崔健超,谭建伟,等.基于WLTC和NEDC循环的轻型车NH3排放特性研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2019,41(5):493-498. Luo J X, Cui J C, Tan J W,et al. A research on ammonia emission characteristics of light-duty vehicles based on WLTC and NEDC cycles[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2019,41(5):493-498.
[19] 吉江林,赵海光,郑丰,等.法规工况下轻型汽油车NH3排放特征[J]. 环境科学研究, 2022,35(5):1176-1182. Ji J L, Zhao H G, Zheng F, et al. Ammonia emission characteristics for the light-duty gasoline vehicle under regulatory cycles[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2022,35(5):1176-1182.
[20] Wang X, Ge Y S, Gong H M,et al. Ammonia emissions from China-6compliant gasoline vehicles tested over the WLTC[J]. Atmospheric Environment 2019,199:136-142.
[21] 温溢,蒋震,罗佳鑫.国六轻型汽油车NH3排放特性研究[J]. 天津科技, 2022,49(9):34-39. Wen Y, Jiang Z, Luo J X. Research on ammonia emission characteristics of China-VI light-duty gasoline vehicles[J] Tianjin Science & Technology, 2022,49(9):34-39.
[22] Donaldson D J. Adsorption of atmospheric gases at the air water interface. I. NH3[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 1999, 103(1):62-70.
[23] Lasocki J. The WLTC vs NEDC:A case study on the impacts of driving cycle on engine performance and fuel consumption[J]. International Journal of Automotive And Mechanical Engineering 2021,18,3:9071-9081.
基金
京博吉大油机协同研发开放课题(CSICE-K202206)
PDF(1656 KB)
京公网安备 11010802030352号 
