Abstract：Chronic toxicity over six consecutive generations of sulfamethoxazole, ofloxacin and ibuprofen were bioassayed on the cladoceran D. magna at environment related concentrations. Sulfamethoxazole did not exhibit obvious effects on endpoints of reproduction and growth at 0.8,8.0 and 80.0μg/L. Ofloxacin at 200μg/L could cause a significant decrease at the number of first reproduction in F3 (third generation of clone) and F4. For ibuprofen, the age of first reproduction delayed significantly in F3 and F4 and the offspring number decreased obviously in F3, F4 and F5 at 900.0μg/L. Pharmaceutical mixtures did not show obvious effects in M1 treatment (minimum concentration of pharmaceutical mixture), while delayed the age of first reproduction and decreased the number of offspring significantly in subsequent generations in M2 and M3 treatment, respectively. In comparison with single exposure, pharmaceutical mixtures intensified negative effects on the first reproduction time and the first offspring number, and showed generational difference earlier. Ofloxacin at 2.0μg/L and 20.0μg/L level and ibuprofen at 9.0μg/L and 90.0μg/L level did not change life-history of six successive clone generations. Ofloxacin at 200.0μg/L and ibuprofen at 900.0μg/L developed the tolerance or adaption of drug pollution stress at the first several generations in D. magna, while the negative effects occurred with the reproduction time delayed and the offspring number declined in the subsequent generations, which presented concentration dependency and generational difference on D. magna. The results showed that sulfamethoxazole, ibuprofen and ofloxacin (both single and in combination) were at low ecological risk on D. magna at measured environmental concentrations (MEC).
杨晓凡, 陆光华, 刘建超, 闫振华. 环境相关浓度下的药物对大型蚤的多代慢性毒性[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013, 33(3): 538-545.
YANG Xiao-Fan, LU Guang-Hua, LIU Jian-Chao, YAN Zhen-Hua. Multigenerational chronic effects of pharmaceuticals on Daphnia magna at environmentally relevant concentrations. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2013, 33(3): 538-545.
