Abstract:To explore the association between atmosphere particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm (PM10) and daily outpatient visits for cardiovascular diseases, all good-sized hospitals in Wuwei city in Gansu province, northwest of China, in which blowing sands and dust storm have taken place frequently, were selected. During the period from March 1st to May 31st in 2004, the association between the concentrations of PM10 and daily outpatient visits for cardiovascular diseases was investigated when dust and sand events occurred frequently. The semi-parametric generalized additive Poisson regressions model (GAM) was used to analyze the associations between PM10, NO2, SO2 and daily cardiovascular outpatient number relative risks by controlling the long time trends, season, meteorological variables, and calendar effect. The results showed that PM10 was significantly associated with increased outpatient visits from a lag of 2 days total cardiovascular diseases in the male and female patients, while PM10 was significantly related to a lag of 3 days and 4 days rheumatic heart disease for males and females, respectively. Besides, the results confirmed the positive and statistically significant association between PM10 with a lag of 2 days and the outpatient visits for male hypertension or with male ischemic cardiovascular diseases. The nonsignificant effects were observed in female hypertension visits or in arrhythmia and congestive heart failure visitors for males and females. Co-pollutant model and multi-pollutant model pointed out that, after adjusting for SO2 and/or NO2, there was a decreasing effect of PM10 on daily outpatient numbers for cardiovascular diseases, but positive significant association was still retained. Nevertheless, after adjusting for other pollutants, the association between daily outpatient numbers for cardiovascular diseases and neither SO2 nor NO2 was significant. Categorical model of PM10 showed that relative risks of cardiovascular diseases (rheumatic heart disease, hypertension, ischemic cardiovascular diseases, arrhythmia, congestive heart failure) were increased with intensity of dust and sand events (from normal clean day, light contaminated day to blowing sands day, dust storm day) in a dose-related manner. PM10 derived from dust and sand events was positively associated with increasing of many cardiovascular disease outpatient visits for males and females with the effect across various lags. The effect of dust and sand events on the male subjects with hypertension was higher than those on the females. There is a dose-related manner between the concentrations of PM10 and relative risks of cardiovascular diseases. Because of strong association between PM10 concentrations and intensity of dust events, the relative risks of many cardiovascular diseases were increased with intensity of dust and sand events, and the influence order was: normal clean day
杨振华, 张月霞, 张全喜, 张剑, 卢彬, 孟紫强. 沙尘天气PM10对多种心血管疾病日门诊人数的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2015, 35(1): 277-284.
YANG Zhen-Hua, ZHANG Yue-Xia, ZHANG Quan-Xi, ZHANG Jian, LU Bin, MENG Zi-Qiang. Association of PM10 derived from dust events with daily outpatient number for cardiovascular diseases. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2015, 35(1): 277-284.