To reduce the contents of Cd and As in brown rice, meeting requirements of the National Food Standards (GB 2762~2012), a pot experiment was conducted to study the synergistic controlling effects of combined amendment QFJ (hydroxyapatite + zeolite + biochar) on the bioavailability of Cd and As in contaminated paddy soil collected from a mining area in southern Hunan and on the accumulation of Cd and As in the various organs of rice plants. The results showed that application of QFJ could reduce the contents of Cd and As in brown rice. When QFJ applying at a 0.2%, the contents of Cd and As in brown rice were 0.19mg/kg and 0.14mg/kg, respectively, lower than those of 0.49mg/kg and 0.27mg/kg in the control group, and also lower than 0.2mg/kg, meeting the requirements of the GB 2762~2012. Application of QFJ increased soil pH values (ranging 0.19~0.79), soil CEC, and soil OM. Meanwhile, compared with the control, the contents of acid extractable, exchangeable and TCLP extractable soil Cd were decreased by 7.3%~32.5%, 12.6%~39.8% and 40.7%~60.1%, respectively, resulting in a reduction in the bioavailability of soil Cd. However, the contents of exchangeable and TCLP extractable soil As were declined firstly and then increased. The Cd contents in brown rice showed significant positive correlations with the contents of acid extractable, exchangeable and TCLP extractable soil Cd. The same correlation was only found for the As contents in brown rice and the contents of TCLP extractable soil As. These explained that the bioavailability of soil Cd and As could be synergistic controlled at 0.2% of QFJ application, resulting in reducing the accumulation of Cd and As in brown rice simultaneously. In addition, application of QFJ significantly increased Cd contents in the iron plaque outside roots of rice plants, and decreased Cd contents in the other rice organs; meanwhile, As contents were decreased in the rice hulls, and decreased in the other rice organs firstly and then increased. Most Cd and As in rice plants were accumulated in the roots and stem-leaves. The sequence of Cd accumulation in the rice organs was root > stem-leaf > brown rice > hull, and that of As accumulation was stem-leaf > root > brown rice > hull. For the safe production of rice, 0.2%~0.4% of QFJ was supposed to apply to paddy soils dependent on the Cd-As pollution level of the soils.
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