Photo-induced phosphate released from organic phosphorus decomposition by nitrate
LIU Guang-long1,2, ZHU Duan-wei1, ZHOU Yi-yong2, CAO Xiu-yun2, SONG Chun-lei2, HUA Yu-mei1, ZHAO Jian-wei1
1. College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
2. State key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
In order to understand the influence of nitrate (NO3-) photochemical activity on the phosphate released from organic phosphorus indirect photolysis degradation, the phosphate released from glyphosate photodegradation by NO3- was investigated in deionised and natural water under UV irradiation. Meanwhile, the methanol was used as the·OH scavenger to confirm the role of NO3- on the phosphate released from organic phosphorus degradation in the natural eutrophication lakes. The results showed that the phosphate could be released from glyphosate photolysis under UV irradiation and the release amount of phosphate increased with pH and initial concentration of glyphosate increasing under UV light irradiation in deionised water. NO3- adding enhanced the phosphate released from glyphosate photodegradation in comparison with direct photolysis and the concentration of phosphate increased from 0.05mg/L to 0.43mg/L with the 20mg/L NO3- added to the solution under UV irradiation for 60min. The effect of environmental parameters including Fe3+, HCO3- and humic acid on the phosphate released from glyphosate photodegradation by NO3- was also performed. In the presence of Fe3+, the amount of phosphate released from glyphosate photodegradation increased significantly due to photosensitization by reactive species such as hydroxyl radical. The presence of humic acid and HCO3- inhibited phosphate released through a radical scavenging effect. The release amount of phosphate in the natural water with NO3- spiked is higher than that of control and the phosphate released was inhibited when the methanol was added to the reaction system. All these results reveal that NO3- plays an important role in phosphate released from organic phosphorus photodegradation.
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[1]
Yu F,Zou J,Hua Y.Transformation of external sulphate and its effect on phosphorus mobilization in Lake Moshui,Wuhan,China[J].Chemosphere,2015,138:398-404.
[2]
Goossen J T H,Kloosterboer J G.Determination of phosphates in natural and waste waters after photochemical decomposition and acid hydrolysis of organic phosphorus compounds[J].Analytical Chemistry,1978,50:707-711.
[3]
Moorleghem C V,Schutter N D,Smolders E,et al.Bioavailability of organic phosphorus to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata as affected by phosphorus starvation:An isotope dilution study[J].Water Research,2013,47:3047-3056.
[4]
Zhou Y,Song C,Cao X,et al.Phosphorus fractions and alkaline phosphatase activity in sediments of a large eutrophic Chinese lake (Lake Taihu)[J].Hydrobiologia 2008,599:119-125.
Gardolinski P C F C,Worsfold P J,McKelvie I D.Seawater induced release and transformation of organic and inorganic phosphorus from river sediments[J].Water Research,2004,38:688-692.
[7]
Nowack B.Environmental chemistry of phosphonates[J].Water Research,2003,37:2533-2546.
[8]
Kieber R J,Whitehead R F,Skrabal S A.Photochemical production of dissolved organic carbon from resuspended sediments[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2006,51:2187-2195.
[9]
Mayer L M,Schick L L,Krysia S,et al.Photodissolution of particulate organic matter from sediments[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2006,51:1064-1071.
[10]
Southwell M W,Kieber R J,Mead R N,et al.Effects of sunlight on the production of dissolved organic and inorganic nutrients from resuspended sediments[J].Biogeochemistry,2010,98:115-126.
[11]
Southwell M W,Mead R N,Luquire C M,et al.Influence of organic matter source and diagenetic state on photochemical release of dissolved organic matter and nutrients from resuspendable estuarine sediments[J].Marine Chemistry,2011,126:114-119.
[12]
Nowack B.Environmental chemistry of phosphonates[J].Water Research,2003,37:2533-2546.
[13]
Lesueur C,Pfeffer M,Fuerhacker M.Photodegradation of phosphonates in water[J].Chemosphere,2005,59:685-691.
[14]
Kim M,Zoh K.Effects of natural water constituents on the photo-decomposition of methylmercury and the role of hydroxyl radical[J].Science of the Total Environment,2013,49:95-101.
[15]
Chen Y,Wu F,Lin Y,et al.Photodegradation of glyphosate in the ferrioxalate system[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2007,148:360-365.
[16]
Malouki M A,Lavédrine B,Richard C.Phototransformation of methabenthiazuron in the presence of nitrate and nitrite ions[J].Chemosphere,2005,60:1523-1529.
[17]
Matykiewiczová N,Kurková R,Klánová J,et al.Photochemically induced nitration and hydroxylation of organic aromatic compounds in the presence of nitrate or nitrite in ice[J].Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A:Chemistry,2007,187:24-32.
[18]
Boucheloukh H,Sehili T,Kouachi N,et al.Kinetic and analytical study of the photo-induced degradation of monuron by nitrates and nitrites under irradiation or in the dark[J].Photochemical Photobiological Sciences,2012,11:1339-1345.
[19]
Liu G,Gong L,Zhou Y,et al.NO3-/NO2- photosensitized degradation of phenol under simulated sunlight[J].Fresenius Environmental Bulletin,2015,24:664-669.
Sandy E H,Blake R E,Chang S J,et al.Oxygen isotope signature of UV degradation of glyphosate and phosphonoacetate:Tracing sources and cycling of phosphonates[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2013,260:947-954.
[22]
Romero V,Acevedo S,Marco P,et al.Enhancement of Fenton and photo-Fenton processes at initial circumneutral pH for the degradation of the β-blocker metoprolol[J].Water Research,2016,88:449-457.
[23]
Sindelar H R,Lloyd J,Brown M T,et al.Transformation of dissolved organic phosphorus to phosphate using UV/H2O2[J].Environmental Progress Sustainable Energy,2015,DOI:10.1002/ep.12272.
[24]
Rasoulifard M H,Akrami M,Eskandarian M R.Degradation of organophosphorus pesticide diazinon using activated persulfate:Optimization of operational parameters and comparative study by Taguchi's method[J].Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers,2015,57:77-90.
[25]
Mack J,Bolton J R.Photochemistry of nitrite and nitrate in aqueous solution:a review[J].Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A:Chemistry,1999,128:1-13.
Zepp R G,Hoigne J,Bader H.Nitrate-induced photooxidation of trace organic chemicals in water[J].Environmental Science Technology,1987,21:443-450
[28]
Russi H,Kotzias D,Korte F.Photoinduzierte hydroxylierungsreaktionen organischer chemikalien in natürlichen Gewässern-Nitrate als potentielle OH-radikalquellen[J].Chemosphere,1982,11:1041-1048.
[29]
Lofts S,Tipping E,Hamilton-Taylor J.The chemical speciation of Fe (Ⅲ) in freshwaters[J].Aquatic Geochemistry,2008,14:337-358.
[30]
Peng J,Wang B,Song Y,et al.Adsorption and release of phosphorus in the surface sediment of a wastewater stabilizationpond[J].Ecological Engineering,2007,31:92-97.
[31]
Cheng J,Liang X,Yang S,et al.Photochemical defluorination of aqueous perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) by VUV/Fe3+system[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2014,239:242-249.
[32]
Ng T,Chow A T,Wong P.Dual roles of dissolved organic matter in photo-irradiated Fe (Ⅲ)-contained waters[J].Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A:Chemistry,2014,290:116-124.
[33]
Koumaki E,Mamais D,Noutsopoulos C,et al.Degradation of emergingcontaminants from water under natural sunlight:The effect of season,pH,humic acids and nitrate and identification of photodegradation by-products[J].Chemosphere,2015,138:675-681.
[34]
Thirumavalavan M,Hu Y,Lee J.Effects of humic acid and suspended soils on adsorption and photo-degradation of microcystin-LR onto samples from Taiwan reservoirs and rivers[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2012,217-218:323-329.
[35]
Micó M M,Zapata A,Maldonado M I,et al.Fosetyl-Al photo-Fenton degradation and its endogenous catalyst inhibition[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2014,265:177-184.
[36]
Shimizu N,Ogino C,Dadjour M F,et al.Sonocatalytic facilitation of hydroxyl radical generation in the presence of TiO2[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2008,15:988-994.
