HCl-CuCl<sub>2</sub>-NaClO湿法浸取手机元器件中的钯、金

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摘要

通过HCl^-CuCl₂-NaClO湿法浸出体系对手机元器件中金属钯（Pd）、金（Au）进行浸出实验，研究不同因素对于Pd、Au浸出率的影响.结果显示，在2mol/L HCl、体积分数5% NaClO、0.075mol/L CuCl₂、固液比1%，反应温度60℃条件下，2h后Pd、Au浸出率均可达85%；结果表明，Cu²⁺、Cl^-、温度对于Pd的浸出率起很大作用，NaClO的加入可加快Pd浸出反应达到平衡速率；NaClO、温度对于Au的浸出率起关键作用，HCl、Cu²⁺的加入可促进Au的浸出.因此，HCl^-CuCl₂-NaClO湿法浸出体系对于Pd、Au具有良好的浸出效果.

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	丁江铃
	张小平
	朱亚茹
	张天雨
	刘竞辉

关键词 ：电子废弃物, 金, 钯, 铜-氯体系, 湿法浸出, 手机

Abstract：

A novel hydrometallurgical process for recovery of palladium and gold from phone components in HCl^-CuCl₂-NaClO leaching system was offered, different factors of Pd, Au leaching process were investigated. The results of experiment indicated that, on the condition of 2mol/L HCl, 5% NaClO, 0.075mol/L CuCl₂ at 333K for 2h with a solid/liquid ratio of 1/100, over 85% of Pd and Au was leached. Cu²⁺, Cl^-, the temperature for the Pd leaching rates played a significant role. NaClO was added to solutions could accelerate the Pd leaching reaction rates; NaClO, the temperature for the Au leaching rates had a significant influence. The additions of HCl, Cu²⁺ to promotes Au leaching. Therefore, HCl^-CuCl₂-NaClO leaching system for Pd, Au leaching have a positive effect.

Key words： waste electrical and electronic equipment gold palladium cupric-chloride leaching hydrometallugry mobile phone

收稿日期: 2016-06-02

PACS:

X705

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（21377041）；广东省科技计划项目（2013B021300022）；亚热带建筑科学基金会国家重点实验室（2013KB28）

通讯作者: 张小平,教授,xpzhang@scut.edu.cn E-mail: xpzhang@scut.edu.cn

作者简介: 丁江铃(1992-),女,江西鹰潭人,华南理工大学硕士研究生,主要从事电子废弃物资源化处理与处置方面的研究.

引用本文:

丁江铃, 张小平, 朱亚茹, 张天雨, 刘竞辉. HCl-CuCl₂-NaClO湿法浸取手机元器件中的钯、金[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016, 36(12): 3711-3716. DING Jiang-ling, ZHANG Xiao-ping, ZHU Ya-ru, ZHANG Tian-yu, LIU Jing-hui. Extraction of Pd,Au from Phone components in HCl^-CuCl₂-NaClO solutions. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2016, 36(12): 3711-3716.

链接本文:

http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/ 或 http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/Y2016/V36/I12/3711

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[8]	Ilyas S,Lee J-c,Chi R-a.Bioleaching of metals from electronic scrap and its potential for commercial exploitation[J].Hydrometallurgy,2013,131-132,138-143.
[9]	Shah M B,Tipre D R,Dave S R.Chemical and biological processes for multi-metal extraction from waste printed circuit boards of computers and mobile phones[J].Waste Management,2014,32(11):1134-1141.
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[12]	Yazici E Y,Deveci H.Extraction of metals from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) in H2SO4-CuSO4-NaCl solutions[J].Hydrometallurgy,2013,139:30-38.
[13]	Zhu P,Fan Z Y,Liu Q,et al.Enhancement of leaching copper by electro-oxidation from metal powders of waste printed circuit board[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,166(2/3):746-750.
[14]	Birloaga I,Coman V,Kopacek B,et al.An advanced study on the hydrometallurgical processing of waste computer printed circuit boards to extract their valuable content of metals[J].Waste Management,2014,34(12):2581-2586.
[15]	Petter P M,Veit H M,Bernardes A M.Evaluation of gold and silver leaching from printed circuit board of cellphones[J].Waste Management,2014,34(2):475-482.
[16]	Yu H,Zi F T,Hu X Z,et al.The copper-ethanediamine-thiosulphate leaching of gold ore containing limonite with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as the synergist[J].Hydrometallurgy,2014,150:178-183.
[17]	Eksteen J J,Oraby E A.The leaching and adsorption of gold using low concentration amino acids and hydrogen peroxide:Effect of catalytic ions,sulphide minerals and amino acid type[J].Minerals Engineering,2015,70:36-42.
[18]	Oraby E A,Eksteen J J.The leaching of gold,silver and their alloys in alkaline glycine-peroxide solutions and their adsorption on carbon[J].Hydrometallurgy,2015,152:199-203.
[19]	Behnamfard A,Salarirad M M,Veglio F.Process development for recovery of copper and precious metals from waste printed circuit boards with emphasize on palladium and gold leaching and precipitation[J].Waste Management,2013,33(11):2354-2363.
[20]	Zhang Z Y,Zhang F S.Synthesis of cuprous chloride and simultaneous recovery of Ag and Pd from waste printed circuit boards[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2013,261:398-404.
[21]	Zhang Z Y,Zhang F S.Selective recovery of palladium from waste printed circuit boards by a novel non-acid process[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2014,279:46-51.
[22]	Li J Y,Xu X L,Liu W Q.Thiourea leaching gold and silver from the printed circuit boards of waste mobile phones[J].Waste Management,2012,32(6):1209-1212.
[23]	Kim E-y,Kim M-s,Lee J-c,et al.Leaching behavior of copper using electro-generated chlorine in hydrochloric acid solution[J].Hydrometallurgy,2010,100(3/4):95-102.
[24]	Birloaga I,De Michelis I,Ferella F,et al.Study on the influence of various factors in the hydrometallurgical processing of waste printed circuit boards for copper and gold recovery[J].Waste Management,2013,33(4):935-941.
[25]	Yazici E Y,Deveci H.Ferric sulphate leaching of metals from waste printed circuit boards[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2014,133:39-45.
[26]	Yazici E Y,Deveci H.Cupric chloride leaching (HCl-CuCl2-NaCl) of metals from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs)[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2015,134:89-96.
[27]	Baghalha M.Leaching of an oxide gold ore with chloride/hypochlorite solutions[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2007,82(4):178-186.
[28]	Zhang Z Y,Zhang F S.A Green Process for Copper Recovery from Waste Printed Circuit Boards[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,878:374-379.
[29]	金创石,张廷安,牟望重,等.液氯化法浸金过程热力学[J].稀有金属,2012,36(1):129-134.
[30]	Winand R.Chloride hydrometallurgy[J].Hydrometallurgy,1991,27(3):285-316.
[31]	Puvvada G V K,Sridhar R,Lakshmanan V I,Chloride metallurgy:PGM recovery and titanium dioxide productions[J].The Journal of The Minerals,Metals&Materials Society,2003,55:38-41.
[1]	Li J H,Zeng X L,Chen M J,et al. "Control-alt-delete":rebooting solutions for the E-waste problem[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2015,49:7095-7108.
[2]	Zeng X L,Gong R Y,Chen W Q,et al.Uncovering the recycling potential of "New" WEEE in China[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2016,50:1347-1358.
[3]	李博,杨建新,吕彬,等.中国废旧手机产生量时空分布研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(12):4095-4101.
[4]	Petter P M H,Veit H M,Bernardes A M.Evaluation of gold and silver leaching from printed circuit board of cellphones[J].Waste Management,2014,34(2):475-482.
[5]	Cui J,Forssberg E.Mechanical recycling of waste electric and electronic equipment:a review[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2003,99(3):243-263.
[6]	Tuncuk A,Stazi V,Akcil A,et al.Aqueous metal recovery techniques from e-scrap:Hydrometallurgy in recycling[J].Minerals Engineering,2012,25(1):28-37.
[7]	Cui J R,Zhang L F.Metallurgical recovery of metals from electronic waste:a review[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,158(2/3):228-256.
[8]	Ilyas S,Lee J-c,Chi R-a.Bioleaching of metals from electronic scrap and its potential for commercial exploitation[J].Hydrometallurgy,2013,131-132,138-143.
[9]	Shah M B,Tipre D R,Dave S R.Chemical and biological processes for multi-metal extraction from waste printed circuit boards of computers and mobile phones[J].Waste Management,2014,32(11):1134-1141.
[10]	Hadi P,Xu M,Carol S K,et al.Waste printed circuit board recycling techniques and product utilization[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2015,283:234-243.
[11]	Silvas F P,Correa M M,Caldas M P,et al.Printed circuit board recycling:Physical processing and copper extraction by selective leaching[J].Waste Management,2015,46:503-510.
[12]	Yazici E Y,Deveci H.Extraction of metals from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) in H2SO4-CuSO4-NaCl solutions[J].Hydrometallurgy,2013,139:30-38.
[13]	Zhu P,Fan Z Y,Liu Q,et al.Enhancement of leaching copper by electro-oxidation from metal powders of waste printed circuit board[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,166(2/3):746-750.
[14]	Birloaga I,Coman V,Kopacek B,et al.An advanced study on the hydrometallurgical processing of waste computer printed circuit boards to extract their valuable content of metals[J].Waste Management,2014,34(12):2581-2586.
[15]	Petter P M,Veit H M,Bernardes A M.Evaluation of gold and silver leaching from printed circuit board of cellphones[J].Waste Management,2014,34(2):475-482.
[16]	Yu H,Zi F T,Hu X Z,et al.The copper-ethanediamine-thiosulphate leaching of gold ore containing limonite with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as the synergist[J].Hydrometallurgy,2014,150:178-183.
[17]	Eksteen J J,Oraby E A.The leaching and adsorption of gold using low concentration amino acids and hydrogen peroxide:Effect of catalytic ions,sulphide minerals and amino acid type[J].Minerals Engineering,2015,70:36-42.
[18]	Oraby E A,Eksteen J J.The leaching of gold,silver and their alloys in alkaline glycine-peroxide solutions and their adsorption on carbon[J].Hydrometallurgy,2015,152:199-203.
[19]	Behnamfard A,Salarirad M M,Veglio F.Process development for recovery of copper and precious metals from waste printed circuit boards with emphasize on palladium and gold leaching and precipitation[J].Waste Management,2013,33(11):2354-2363.
[20]	Zhang Z Y,Zhang F S.Synthesis of cuprous chloride and simultaneous recovery of Ag and Pd from waste printed circuit boards[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2013,261:398-404.
[21]	Zhang Z Y,Zhang F S.Selective recovery of palladium from waste printed circuit boards by a novel non-acid process[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2014,279:46-51.
[22]	Li J Y,Xu X L,Liu W Q.Thiourea leaching gold and silver from the printed circuit boards of waste mobile phones[J].Waste Management,2012,32(6):1209-1212.
[23]	Kim E-y,Kim M-s,Lee J-c,et al.Leaching behavior of copper using electro-generated chlorine in hydrochloric acid solution[J].Hydrometallurgy,2010,100(3/4):95-102.
[24]	Birloaga I,De Michelis I,Ferella F,et al.Study on the influence of various factors in the hydrometallurgical processing of waste printed circuit boards for copper and gold recovery[J].Waste Management,2013,33(4):935-941.
[25]	Yazici E Y,Deveci H.Ferric sulphate leaching of metals from waste printed circuit boards[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2014,133:39-45.
[26]	Yazici E Y,Deveci H.Cupric chloride leaching (HCl-CuCl2-NaCl) of metals from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs)[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2015,134:89-96.
[27]	Baghalha M.Leaching of an oxide gold ore with chloride/hypochlorite solutions[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2007,82(4):178-186.
[28]	Zhang Z Y,Zhang F S.A Green Process for Copper Recovery from Waste Printed Circuit Boards[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,878:374-379.
[29]	金创石,张廷安,牟望重,等.液氯化法浸金过程热力学[J].稀有金属,2012,36(1):129-134.
[30]	Winand R.Chloride hydrometallurgy[J].Hydrometallurgy,1991,27(3):285-316.
[31]	Puvvada G V K,Sridhar R,Lakshmanan V I,Chloride metallurgy:PGM recovery and titanium dioxide productions[J].The Journal of The Minerals,Metals&Materials Society,2003,55:38-41.