Effect of temperature on chemical properties of chars in terramycin ferment residue paralysis process
HONG Chen1,2, WANG Zhi-qiang1, XING Yi1,3, YANG Qiang1, SI Yan-xiao4, LI Yi-fei1, FENG Li-hui1, JIA Meng-meng1
1. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy Science, Beijing 100085, China;
3. Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
4. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
The effects of pyrolysis technology on the chemical properties of terramycin ferment residue were investigated. The changes of free radicals and carbon structure in terramycin ferment residue during the pyrolysis process were analyzed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The results indicated that large amount of free radicals were found in terramycin ferment residue and its concentrations changed significantly with the increase of pyrolysis temperature. When the pyrolysis temperature increased to 320℃, the free radical concentrations in chars reached 1.239×1019 spins/g. The g-values and linewidths analysis showed that the free radicals shifted from oxygen-containing radicals and carbon-hydrogen radicals to aromatic radicals, which was due to the release of volatile matters and the aggravation of polycondensation reaction. The carbon structures such as methoxyl groups (CH3—O—), aliphatic C—C bonds, aliphatic C—O bonds and carbonyl(C=O) group bonds in terramycin ferment residue were ruptured and more aromatic C—C and C—O bonds were generated during the pyrolysis process. The proportion of aromatic carbon functional groups (aromatic C—H, C—C, and C—O bonds) was up to 94.14% at the pyrolysis temperature of 600℃.
洪晨, 王志强, 邢奕, 杨强, 司艳晓, 李益飞, 冯丽慧, 贾蒙蒙. 热解温度对土霉素菌渣焦炭化学性质的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(3): 1058-1065.
HONG Chen, WANG Zhi-qiang, XING Yi, YANG Qiang, SI Yan-xiao, LI Yi-fei, FENG Li-hui, JIA Meng-meng. Effect of temperature on chemical properties of chars in terramycin ferment residue paralysis process. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(3): 1058-1065.
Li C, Zhang G, Zhang Z, et al. Hydrothermal pretreatment for biogas production from anaerobic digestion of antibiotic mycelial residue [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2015,279:530-537.
[2]
Ma D, Zhang G, Zhao P, et al. Hydrothermal treatment of antibiotic mycelial dreg: More understanding from fuel characteristics [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2015,273:147-155.
Jiang X, Feng Y, Lv G, et al. Bioferment residue: TG-FTIR study and cocombustion in a MSW incineration plant [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2012,46(24):13539-13544.
[7]
Du Y, Jiang X, Lv G, et al. Thermal behavior and kinetics of bio-ferment residue/coal blends during co-pyrolysis [J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2014,88:459-463.
[8]
Du Y, Jiang X, Ma X, et al. Evaluation of cofiring bioferment residue with coal at different proportions: combustion characteristics and kinetics [J]. Energy & Fuels, 2013,27(10): 6295-6303.
[9]
Zhan J, Wu R, Liu X, et al. Preliminary understanding of initial reaction process for subbituminous coal pyrolysis with molecular dynamics simulation [J]. Fuel, 2014,134:283-292.
[10]
Hedegaard R V, Liu L, Skibsted L H. Quantification of radicals formed during heating of β-lactoglobulin with glucose in aqueous ethanol [J]. Food Chemistry, 2015,167:185-190.
[11]
Liu M, Yang J, Liu Z, et al. Cleavage of covalent bonds in the pyrolysis of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose [J]. Energy & Fuels, 2015,29(9):5773-5780.
[12]
He W, Liu Q, Shi L, et al. Understanding the stability of pyrolysis tars from biomass in a view point of free radicals [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014,156:372-375.
[13]
He W, Liu Z, Liu Q, et al. Behaviors of radical fragments in tar generated from pyrolysis of 4coals [J]. Fuel, 2014,134:375-380.
[14]
Liu J, Jiang X, Shen J, et al. Influences of particle size, ultraviolet irradiation and pyrolysis temperature on stable free radicals in coal [J]. Powder Technology, 2015,272:64-74.
[15]
Wang W, Ma Y, Li S, et al. Effect of temperature on the EPR properties of oil shale pyrolysates [J]. Energy & Fuels, 2016, 30(2):830-834.
[16]
Qiao Y, Chen S, Liu Y, et al. Pyrolysis of chitin biomass: TG-MS analysis and solid char residue characterization [J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2015,133:163-170.
[17]
Wang Y, Pedersen C M, Deng T, et al. Direct conversion of chitin biomass to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in concentrated ZnCl2aqueous solution [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013,143: 384-390.
[18]
Sanchez-Silva L, Lopez-Gonzalez D, Villasenor J, et al. Thermogravimetric-mass spectrometric analysis of lignocellulosic and marine biomass pyrolysis [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012,109:163-172.
[19]
Jia L. Efficient one-pot synthesis of deoxyfructosazine and fructosazine from D-glucosamine hydrochloride using a basic ionic liquid as a dual solvent-catalyst [J]. RSC Advances, 2014,4(83):44253-44260.
[20]
Debdoubi A, El Amarti A, Colacio E, et al. The effect of heating rate on yields and compositions of oil products from esparto pyrolysis [J]. International Journal of Energy Research, 2006, 30(30):1243,1250.
[21]
Ben H, Ragauskas A J. Comparison for the compositions of fast and slow pyrolysis oils by NMR characterization [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013,147:577-584.
[22]
Liu J, Jiang X, Shen J, et al. Chemical properties of superfine pulverized coal particles. Part 1. Electron paramagnetic resonance analysis of free radical characteristics [J]. Advanced Powder Technology, 2014,25(3):916-925.
[23]
Petrakis L, Grandy D W. Electron spin resonance spectrometric study of free radicals in coals [J]. Analytical Chemistry, 1978, 50(2):303-308.
[24]
Liao B Q, Lin H J, Langevin S P, et al. Effects of temperature and dissolved oxygen on sludge properties and their role in bioflocculation and settling [J]. Water Research, 2011,45(2): 509-520.
[25]
Pilawa B, Wieckowski A B, Pietrzak R, et al. Oxidation of demineralized coal and coal free of pyrite examined by EPR spectroscopy [J]. Fuel, 2002,81(15):1925-1931.
[26]
Zhu X, Yang S, Wang L, et al. Tracking the conversion of nitrogen during pyrolysis of antibiotic mycelial fermentation residues using XPS and TG-FTIR-MS technology [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016,211:20-27.
[27]
Nagy M, Kosa M, Theliander H, et al. Characterization of CO2 precipitated Kraft lignin to promote its utilization [J]. Green Chemistry, 2010,12(1):31-34.
[28]
Sannigrahi P, Ragauskas A J, Miller S J. Lignin structural modifications resulting from ethanol organosolv treatment of loblolly pine [J]. Energy & Fuels, 2009,24(1):683-689.
[29]
Samuel R, Pu Y, Raman B, et al. Structural characterization and comparison of switchgrass ball-milled lignin before and after dilute acid pretreatment [J]. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 2010,162(1):62-74.
[30]
Desisto W J, Hill N I, Beis S H, et al. Fast pyrolysis of pine sawdust in a fluidized-bed reactor [J]. Energy & Fuels, 2010, 24:2642-2651.
[31]
Younker J M, Ariana B, Buchanan A C. Computational study of bond dissociation enthalpies for substituted β-O-4lignin model compounds. [J]. Chemphyschem, 2011,12(12):3556-3565.
[32]
Ben H, Ragauskas A J. Heteronuclear Single-quantum correlation-nuclear magnetic resonance (HSQC-NMR) fingerprint analysis of pyrolysis Oils [J]. Energy & Fuels, 2011, 25(12):5791-5801.
