铬耐性菌对土壤中六价铬的还原作用

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摘要

选择7种全国性典型土壤（黄壤、红壤、石灰性紫色土、青紫泥、黑土、砖红壤和潮土），研究微生物群落对铬胁迫的响应以及土著铬耐性菌对土壤中六价铬的还原作用.结果表明，在重金属铬的胁迫作用下，铬耐性菌成为土壤中的优势菌群，在黄壤、红壤、石灰性紫色土、青紫泥、黑土、砖红壤和潮土中丰度依次为75.2%、89.9%、77.3%、65.3%、72.8%、65.4%、92.8%，并在六价铬还原过程中发挥了重要的作用，7种土壤中微生物对六价铬还原的贡献率分别为14.4%、44.0%、20.6%、34.9%、21.9%、21.7%、22.0%.微生物对六价铬还原的贡献率主要受土壤中亚铁含量和颗粒组成影响.采用PCR-DGGE-克隆测序技术鉴定了这7种土壤中铬耐性菌的种类，主要为芽孢杆菌（Bacillus sp.）、埃希氏菌（Escherichia sp.）、异常球菌（Deinococcus sp.）、小单胞菌（Micromonospora sp.）、甲基杆菌（Methylobacterium sp.）、马赛菌（Massilia sp.）、酸杆菌（Acidobacterium sp.）、丛毛单胞菌（Comamonas sp.）、慢生根瘤菌（Bradyrhizobium sp.）和节杆菌（Arthrobacter sp.）.

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关键词 ：六价铬, 铬耐性菌, 优势菌群, 克隆测序, 相关分析

Abstract：

In this study, seven representative agricultural soils with different physicochemical properties were used to investigate the response of soil microbial community to Cr contamination and the effect of indigenous chromium-resistant bacteria on reduction of hexavalent chromium in soils. Our results demonstrated that soil bacterial community was responded to Cr contamination through changes in bacterial community structure, with Cr-resistant bacteria became dominant species, and the percentage of Cr-resistant bacteria of total cultivable bacteria was 89.9%, 75.2%, 92.8%, 65.3%, 72.8%, 77.3%, and 65.4%, respectively for Periudic Argosols, Udic Ferrisols, Calcaric Regosols, Stagnic Anthrosols, Mollisols, Typic Haplustalfs, and Ustic Cambosols. Microbial reduction was an important Cr(VI) reduction pathway, and the relative contribution of microorganisms to Cr(VI) reduction was 14.4%, 44.0%, 20.6%, 34.9%, 21.9%, 21.7%, and 22.0%, respectively. Soil properties, Fe(II) and soil particle distribution, affected the microbially mediated Cr(VI) reduction. Moreover, Bacillus, Escherichia, Deinococcus, Micromonospora, Methylobacterium, Massilia, Acidobacterium, Comamonas, Bradyrhizobium, and Arthrobacter were identified as the Cr-resistant bacteria.

Key words： hexavalent chromium chromium resistant bacteria dominant bacteria cloning-sequencing correlation analysis

收稿日期: 2016-07-18

PACS:

X172

基金资助:

浙江省农业科学院青年人才培养项目资助

通讯作者: 叶雪珠,副研究员,xuezhuye@aliyun.com E-mail: xuezhuye@aliyun.com

作者简介: 肖文丹(1987-),女,湖南永州人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事土壤重金属污染生物修复研究.发表论文10余篇.

引用本文:

肖文丹, 叶雪珠, 孙彩霞, 张棋, 徐萍. 铬耐性菌对土壤中六价铬的还原作用[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(3): 1120-1129. XIAO Wen-dan, YE Xue-zhu, SUN Cai-xia, ZHANG Qi, XU Ping. The effect of chromium-resistant bacteria on reduction of hexavalent chromium in soils. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(3): 1120-1129.

链接本文:

http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/ 或 http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/Y2017/V37/I3/1120

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