黄河下游颗粒有机碳的来源，降解与输运特征

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摘要

2012年在黄河利津逐月采集悬浮颗粒物（SPM），通过分析粒度组成，颗粒有机碳（POC）及其稳定同位素丰度（δ¹³C），木质素等参数，讨论了黄河下游POC的来源，分布，降解状态和输运的季节变化特点.结果表明，2012年黄河利津径流量，SPM浓度和中值粒径（MGS）均有明显的季节变化，且变化规律基本一致.春季降水较少，且下游灌溉较多，导致径流量较小（300m³/s左右），较粗的颗粒物更容易沉降到河床上，而且不易再悬浮，使得SPM较低（平均0.44kg/m³），MGS较小（平均7.77 μm）；夏秋季黄河流域降水较多，径流量较大（1000m³/s以上），使得河床上较粗的颗粒物容易被带入悬移质中，因此SPM较高（0.67kg/m³），MGS较大（10.6 μm）.POC及δ¹³C的结果表明了不同来源有机碳贡献的季节变化，春季POC含量较高，δ¹³C较负.颗粒物中木质素含量季节规律变化与流量较为一致，春季木质素含量较高，秋季较低.木质素参数C/V（0.21~0.34）和S/V（0.83~1.28）表明黄河SPM中木质素为被子植物草本和木本组织混合来源，降解参数（Ad/Al）_v（0.33~0.52），3，5-Bd/ V（0.03~0.12）和P/（S+V）（0.20~0.36）均表明黄河SPM中木质素存在一定程度的降解，且秋季降解程度较大，与流量和有机碳来源变化有关.

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关键词 ：黄河, 悬浮颗粒物, 颗粒有机碳, 稳定碳同位素, 木质素

Abstract：

Both natural processes and human activities in river basins have important impacts on the transport of riverine particulate organic carbon (POC). Knowledge of the sources, decay status and transport of POC in rivers is therefore critical for a better understanding of global carbon cycling. Suspended particulate matters (SPM) monthly collected from the Lijin Station in the lower Yellow River in 2012 were analyzed for grain size, POC contents and stable carbon isotopic ratios (δ¹³C), and lignin composition. The water discharge, SPM contents and median grain size (MGS) at Lijin Station in 2012 were characterized by strong seasonal variations, which were basically identical. In spring, lower water discharge of the Yellow River (300m³/s) was observed compared with other seasons, possibly due to less precipitation and more downstream irrigation activities, making coarser particles more easily to settle down to the river bed. As a result, the SPM contents and MGS were both very low in this season (avg. 0.44kg/m³ and avg. 7.77μm, respectively). In summer and autumn, sediments on river bed were easily resuspended due to high water discharge (more than 1000m³/s), which resulted in high SPM contents (0.67kg/m³) and high MGS (10.6μm). The results of POC and δ¹³C showed that OC contributions from different sources varied among seasons. In spring, the concentration of POC was relatively high and the ¹³C of POC was depleted. The seasonal variation of lignin contents was similar with that of water discharge. The C/V (0.21~0.34) and S/V (0.83~1.28) ratios of lignin phenols indicated that the vascular plant tissues in SPM of the lower Yellow River were a mixture of woody and non-woody angiosperms. Lignin decay parameters, such as (Ad/Al)_v (0.33~0.52), 3,5-Bd/V(0.03~0.12) and P/(S+V) (0.20~0.36) all showed that there was a certain degree of degradation of lignin in SPM. Relatively high degree of lignin decay was observed in autumn, which is probably connected with the variations of water discharge and OC sources during this period.

Key words： Yellow River suspended particulate matters particulate organic carbon stable carbon isotope lignin

收稿日期: 2016-08-22

PACS:

X143

基金资助:

国家重点研发计划“全球变化及应对”重点专项课题（2016YFA0600902）；国家自然科学基金创新群体研究项目（41521064）

通讯作者: 姚鹏,教授,yaopeng@ouc.edu.cn E-mail: yaopeng@ouc.edu.cn

作者简介: 邱璐(1992-),女,吉林桦甸人,青岛海洋大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为海洋有机地球化学.

引用本文:

邱璐, 姚鹏, 张婷婷, 王金鹏, 潘慧慧, 高立蒙, 赵彬. 黄河下游颗粒有机碳的来源，降解与输运特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(4): 1483-1491. QIU Lu, YAO Peng, ZHANG Ting-ting, WANG Jin-peng, PAN Hui-hui, GAO Li-meng, ZHAO Bin. Sources, decay status and transport of particulate organic carbon in the lower Yellow River. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(4): 1483-1491.

链接本文:

http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/ 或 http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/Y2017/V37/I4/1483

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