Bioaccessibility of Pb in aged soil characterized by UBM and its controlling factor
ZHONG Mao-sheng, ZHAO Ying, HAN Dan, JIANG Lin, PENG Chao, ZHANG Peng
Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, National Urban Environment Pollution Control Engineering Techniques Research Center, Beijing 100037, China
Unified Bioaccessibility Method (UBM) assay was used to characterize the bioaccessibility of Pb in 11 soils from Dalian and Zhuzhou. The results revealed that the bioaccessiblity of Pb in stomach covered between 21.1% and 77.9% with the average being 54.5% while those in intestine ranged between 0.2% and 4.2% with the average being 0.7%. Significant positive correlation between the total Pb, manganese and phosphate content and the bioaccessible Pb concentration in stomach was observed while the bioaccessible Pb in intestine correlated well with the concentration of total Pb in soil and bioaccessible Pb content in stomach. Significant positive correlation between the bioaccessible Pb concentration in stomach and intestine and the weak acid extractable, reducible and oxidative Pb was observed, and most bioaccessible Pb was contributed by the weak acid extractable, reducible and oxidative Pb. In addition, parts of residual Pb characterized by sequential extraction method (BCR) could be dissolved in acidic solution in gastric phase.
Ljung K, Oomen A G, Duits M, et al. Bioaccessibility of metals in urban playground soils [J]. Journal of Environmental Science and Health (Part A), 2007,42(9):1241-1250.
[10]
Wragg J, Cave M, Taylor H. Inter-laboratory trial of a unified bioaccessibility procedure [R]. UK: British Geological Survey, 2009.
[11]
Wragg J, Mark C, Nick B, et al. An inter-laboratory trial of the unified BARGE bioaccessibility method for arsenic, cadmium and lead in soil [J]. Science of Total Environment, 2011,409(19): 4016-4030.
[12]
Sebastien D, Julien C, Karine T, et al. In vivo validation of the unified BARGE method to assess the bioaccessibility of Arsenic, Antimony, Cadmium, and Lead in Soils [J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2012,46(11):6252-6260.
[13]
Rauret G, López-Sánchez J, Sahuquillo A, et al. Improvement of the BCR three step sequential extraction procedure prior to the certification of new sediment and soil reference materials [J]. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 1999,1(1):57-61.
[14]
Fernández E, Jiménez R, Lallena A M, et al. Evaluation of the BCR sequential extraction procedure applied for two unpolluted Spanish soils [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2004,131(3):355-364.
Douglasg B, Nicholas B, Kirge S, et al. Linking Solid Phase Speciation of Pb Sequestered to Birnessite to Oral Pb Bioaccessibility: Implications for Soil Remediation [J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2008,42(3):779-785.
[20]
Sonmez O, Pierzynski G M. Phosphorus and Manganese Oxides Effects on Soil Lead Bioaccessibility: PBET and TCLP [J]. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 2005,166(1):3-16.
[21]
Yang J, David E M, Stan W C, et al. Lead immobilization using phosphoric acid in a smelter-contaminated urban soil [J]. Environmental science and Technology, 2001, 35(17):3553-3559.
[22]
Yang J, Mosby D E, Casteel S W, et al. In vitro lead bioaccessibility and phosphate leaching as affected by surface application of phosphoric acid in lead-contaminated soil [J]. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2002Nov;43(4):399-405.
[23]
Xi Tang, John Yang. Long-term stability and risk assessment of lead in mill waste treated by soluble phosphate [J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2012,438(1):299-303.
Li Jie, Li Kan, Cave Mark, et al. Lead bioaccessibility in 12contaminated soils from China: Correlation to lead relative bioavailability and lead in different fractions [J]. Journal of hazardous materials, 2015,295(0):55-62.
[26]
Martinez C E, McBride M B. Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn coprecipitates in Fe oxide formed at different pH: Ageing effects on metal solubility and extractability by citrate [J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 2001,20(1):122-126.
[27]
Reilly S E O, Hochella M F. Lead sorption efficiencies of natural and synthetic Mn and Fe-oxides [J]. Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 2003,67(23):4471-4487.
[28]
US EPA. User's guide for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children, EPA 9285.7-42 [S]. Washington: Unite State Environmental Protection Agency, 2007.
[29]
Appleton J D, Cave M R, Palumbo-Roe B, et al. Lead bioaccessibility in topsoils from lead mineralisation and urban domains, UK [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2013,178:278-287.
[30]
Farmer J G, Andrew B, Mark R C, et al. A lead isotopic study of the human bioaccessibility of lead in urban soils from Glasgow, Scotland [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2011,409(23): 4958-4965.
[31]
Li H B, Zhao D, Li J, et al. Using the SBRC Assay to Predict Lead Relative Bioavailability in Urban Soils: Contaminant Source and Correlation Model [J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2016,50(10):4989-4996.
[32]
Hoffman A F. Regulation of metal absorption in the gastrointestinal tract [J]. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 1996,39(1):625-628.
[33]
Appleton J D, Cave M R, Wragg J. Modelling lead bioaccessibility in urban topsoils based on data from Glasgow, London, Northampton and Swansea, UK [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2012,171:265-272.
[34]
Aure'lie P, Christophe W, Muriel M, et al. Assessing Cd, Pb, Zn human bioaccessibility in smelter contaminated agricultural topsoils (northern France) [J]. Environ Geochem Health, 2011,33: 477-493.
