室内灰尘中有机磷酸酯的分布及其健康风险

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摘要

采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪定量分析了高校和居民住宅各室内环境灰尘中7种典型有机磷酸酯（OPEs）的浓度及分布，发现TnBP、TCPP、TPhP检出率较高，空调灰尘的OPEs检出率为100%，而超市灰尘中OPEs均未检出；Σ7OPEs浓度范围为317.44~2566.97ng/g，低于发达国家.体育馆、寝室、教室、复印店人群活动频繁的区域灰尘中Σ7OPEs的浓度较高（1836.85~2566.97ng/g），停车场中的浓度相对较低（317.44ng/g）.高校室内灰尘中以苯基磷酸酯（56%）为主，TPhP的平均浓度为937.26ng/g，而居民住宅内则以氯代磷酸酯为主（60%），平均浓度为448.12ng/g，以TCPP为主要单体.成人通过室内灰尘摄入OPEs的日均暴露剂量为0.60ng/（kg·d）（以体重计），儿童的日均暴露剂量为2.51ng/（kg·d）（以体重计），儿童的日暴露剂量明显高于成人，主要以手-口摄入为主要途径.

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关键词 ：室内, 灰尘, 有机磷酸酯阻燃剂, 分布, 健康风险

Abstract：

Organophosphates esters (OPEs) in dust collected from the classrooms of university and residencial sites were determined using GC-MS. Concentrations and profiles of seven OPEs including Tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP), Tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP), Tributoxyethyl Phosphate (TBEP), Triphenyl Phosphate (TPhP), tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), Trichloropropyl phosphate (TCPP) and Tridichloropropyl phosphate (TDCPP) were discussed in this work. The concentration of Σ7OPEs varied from 317.44 to 2566.97ng/g, which is lower than those reported in the developed countries. TnBP, TCPP and TPhP exhibited high detection rates in all the dust samples. Particularly, the detection rate of OPEs was 100% for air-conditioning dust, while it was zero for the supermaket dust. The Σ7OPEs with high concentration (1836.85~2566.97ng/g) were observed in the samples related to strong human activities, such as gymnasium, dormitories, classrooms and copy shop, while it was relatively low in the parking lot (317.44ng/g). Phenylphosphate, with mean concentration of 937.26ng/g, dominated the TPhP profile (56%) in the dust from classroom, while the chloro phosphates with mean concentration of 448.12ng/g dominated the TCPP profile in the residential dust (60%). The average exposure of OPEs for adults was estimated to be 0.60ng/(kg·d). It was lower than that of children (2.51ng/(kg·d)) due to the prominent exposure path through mouth for children.

Key words： indoor dust OPEs distribution health risk

收稿日期: 2017-01-10

PACS:

X131

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（21407014）；四川省科技支撑计划项目（2015GZ0240）；成都信息工程大学大气环境模拟与污染控制重点实验室开放课题（KFKT2016001）；校中青年学术带头人科研基金（J201415）

通讯作者: 印红玲,教授,yhl@cuit.edu.cn E-mail: yhl@cuit.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘琴(1993-),女,四川遂宁人,成都信息工程大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为环境监测与评价,痕量有机污染.

引用本文:

刘琴, 印红玲, 李蝶, 邓旭, 方淑红, 孙静. 室内灰尘中有机磷酸酯的分布及其健康风险[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(8): 2831-2839. LIU Qin, YIN Hong-ling, LI Die, DENG Xu, FANG Shu-hong, SUN Jing. Distribution characteristic of OPEs in indoor dust and its health risk. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(8): 2831-2839.

链接本文:

http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/ 或 http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/Y2017/V37/I8/2831

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