巴彦乌拉铀矿周围饮用水中放射性及健康风险

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摘要

为了解巴彦乌拉铀矿周围居民饮用水中放射性水平及其存在的健康风险，开采前采集了铀矿周围37份井水饮用水样品并测量了总α、总β放射性水平和放射性核素²³⁸U、²³²Th、²²⁶Ra和⁴⁰K的活度浓度.采用世界卫生组织（WHO）推荐的方法计算了饮用井水引起的成人年有效剂量，利用美国环保部（USEPA）提出的致癌风险因子评估了居民终身健康风险，同时将测量结果与其它国家饮用水中放射性水平进行了对比分析.结果表明，巴彦乌拉铀矿周围饮用水中总α和总β平均值分别为1.059Bq/L和0.624Bq/L，其中分别有81.1%和5.4%样品中总放射性超出了WHO推荐的筛选值0.5Bq/L（总α）和1.0Bq/L（总β）.饮用水中²³⁸U、²³²Th、²²⁶Ra和⁴⁰K的活度浓度分别为（2.349±1.593）、（0.058±0.041）、（0.070±0.057）和（0.571±0.419）Bq/L.铀矿周围居民通过饮水产生的全年累计有效剂量为0.104mSv/a.终生接触情形下居民经饮用水中的放射性暴露引起的终身致癌风险为2.4×10^-11.巴彦乌拉铀矿周围居民饮用水中放射性活度浓度处于正常水平，对周围居民产生的健康风险非常低.

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	哈日巴拉
	拓飞
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	许潇
	张帅
	包山虎
	李玉红

关键词 ：饮用水, 总α和总β, 放射性核素, 巴彦乌拉铀矿

Abstract：

The total of 37 drinking water samples from the wells around Bayanwula prospective uranium mining area were collected to estimate the lifetime health risks for the residents. The concentrations of gross α, gross β, ²³⁸U, ²³²Th, 226 Ra and ⁴⁰K were analyzed. The method recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) was used to calculate the adult annual effective dose via the consumption of thedrinking water. The cancer risk coefficients recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) were applied to assess the life-time health risk cancer for the residents. The radioactivity levels in the drinking water samples were compared to the data obtained from other part of the world. The results indicated thatthe average activity concentrations of gross α and gross β were 1.059Bq/L and 0.624Bq/L, respectively, which showed the 81.1% and 5.4% out of the 37water samples exceed the screening values 0.5Bq/L and 1.0Bq/L recommended by WHO, respectively. The activity concentrations of ²³⁸U, ²³²Th, ²²⁶Ra and ⁴⁰K were determined to be (2.349±1.593), (0.058±0.041), (0.070±0.057) and (0.571±0.419)Bq/L, respectively. The annual effective dose to adult via the consumption of the drinking water was calculated to be 0.104mSv/aand the lifetime cancer riskwas assessed to 2.4×10^-11 for the residents. In conclusion, the activity concentrations in drinking water around Bayanwula uranium mining area were at normal level and the radioactivity health risk to the local residentswas at very low level.

Key words： drinking water gross α and gross β radionuclide Bayanwula uranium mining area

收稿日期: 2017-03-05

PACS:

X82

基金资助:

内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目（2013MS0816）；内蒙古自治区卫生和计划生育委员会医疗卫生科研计划项目（201301028）

通讯作者: 李玉红,教授,liyuhong@lzu.edu.cn E-mail: liyuhong@lzu.edu.cn

作者简介: 哈日巴拉(1981-),男(蒙古族),内蒙古兴安盟人,兰州大学博士研究生,主要从事辐射防护监测与评价研究.发表论文8篇.

引用本文:

哈日巴拉, 拓飞, 胡碧涛, 王成国, 格日勒满达呼, 许潇, 张帅, 包山虎, 李玉红. 巴彦乌拉铀矿周围饮用水中放射性及健康风险[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(9): 3583-3590. BAI Haribala, TUO Fei, HU Bi-tao, WANG Cheng-guo, SAI Ge-ri-le-man-da-hu, ZHANG Shuai, XU Xiao, BAO Shan-hu, LI Yu-hong. Radioactivity and health risk of drinking water around Bayanwula uranium mining area. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(9): 3583-3590.

链接本文:

http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/ 或 http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/Y2017/V37/I9/3583

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