双层PCT天气分型法的建立及其应用

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摘要提出了一种新的双层PCT天气分型方法.该方法分别对高层背景场与低层地面场进行PCT分型, 再将结果组合、分类、调整后获得最终分型结果.分型结果表明比传统分型法拥有更好的准确性与稳定性.在此基础上针对2014~2019年长江下游地区冬季天气进行了分类研究, 得到了8类主要天气形势, 分别为: 弱气压场型、冷锋过境型、高压前部型、高压底部型、高压控制型、高压后部型、倒槽前部型和倒槽后部型.其中弱气压场型占比最高(26.6%)、通风系数最低(昼间3518m²/s, 夜间1373m²/s), 且重污染率在常见天气型中较高(8.0%); 另外倒槽前部型的污染率与重污染率最高(49.0%与12.0%).利用分型结果分析各类天气形势演化趋势后, 得到长江下游冬季高压主要的4条移动路径, 其中“高压前部—高压底部—高压后部”型路径最为频繁(占比42.9%), 且最不利于通过静稳天气使大气污染物发生累积, 为最清洁的路径类型.

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	蔡旭璋
	王成刚
	王华卿
	劳秀峰

关键词 ：客观天气分型, 双层分型法, PCT, 长江下游地区

Abstract：This paper proposes a new double-layer PCT weather classification method. This method separately classifies weather data from the high-level background field and the low-level ground field, and then combines, classifies, and adjusts all initial classes to form the final classification. The winter weather information over the lower reaches of the Yangtze River from 2014 to 2019 was collected and used in this study. As a result, 8 main weather patterns were classified as: weak pressure field, cold front transit, high pressure front, high pressure bottom, high pressure control, high pressure rear, inverted trough front and inverted trough rear. Among them, the weak pressure field had the highest proportion (26.6%) and the lowest ventilation coefficient (3518m²/s in daytime, 1373m²/s at night), and the pollution rate was higher in common weather types. We observed four main moving paths of the winter high pressure over the lower reaches of the Yangtze River of which the "high pressure front-high pressure bottom-high pressure rear" path was the most frequent (accounting for 42.9%), and this kind of path has been proven to be most unfavorable for accumulating atmospheric pollutants through quiet and stable weather. Our typing results finally verify that the double-layer PCT weather classification method has better accuracy and stability than the traditional one.

Key words： objective synoptic weather pattern classification double-layer classification method PCT lower reaches of the Yangtze River

收稿日期: 2021-06-03

PACS:

X513

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2016YFA0602003);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41975011);杭州富阳政府资助项目(ZJHCCGFY-0808001)

通讯作者: 王成刚, 副教授, wcg@nuist.edu.cn E-mail: wcg@nuist.edu.cn

作者简介: 蔡旭璋(1995-), 男, 福建漳州人, 南京信息工程大学硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为大气环境污染、大气边界层

引用本文:

蔡旭璋, 王成刚, 王华卿, 劳秀峰. 双层PCT天气分型法的建立及其应用[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022, 42(1): 1-10. CAI Xu-zhang, WANG Cheng-gang, WANG Hua-qing, LAO Xiu-feng. The establishment of double-layer PCT classification method and its application. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(1): 1-10.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2022/V42/I1/1

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