基于上海高层建筑观测冬季大气CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub>垂直变化

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摘要采用便携式温室气体分析仪于2021年12月6日~2022年3月31日在上海中心大厦255和500m高度以及浦东新区环境监测站25m高度连续观测大气CO₂和CH₄浓度.结果表明:(1)城市中不同高度上温室气体的日变化趋势存在差异,25m高度CO₂和CH₄浓度白天低夜间高,255和500m高度的浓度则白天高夜间低.各高度处CO₂和CH₄浓度变化都明显受大气边界层高度的影响,因此城市内部温室气体浓度垂直观测中观测点高度设置要充分考虑城市大气边界层的变化特征.(2) CO₂和CH₄浓度的垂直差异受到人为活动以及气象等条件的影响,可以指征城市大气CO₂和CH₄浓度增强的局地和区域贡献.(3)各高度处(25,255,500m) CO₂浓度与CH₄浓度均显著相关,但观测高度越高所代表的浓度贡献源区越大,多种排放源的干扰使得温室气体之间的同源性变差,导致其相关性随着高度增加而降低.城市温室气体浓度的垂直观测提供了从水平方向上无法获得的独特信息,因此有必要在城市开展立体化的温室气体监测,以便更好地捕捉大气温室气体浓度的变化,从而服务于城市碳减排政策.

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关键词 ： CO₂和CH₄浓度, 垂直差异, 上海, 大气边界层高度, CH₄:CO₂比值

Abstract：In this paper, three portable greenhouse gas analyzers were used to continuously observe the atmospheric CO₂ and CH₄ concentrations at the heights of 255 and 500m at Shanghai Tower and 25m at Pudong New Area Environmental Monitoring Station from 6 December 2021 to 31 March 2022. The results indicated that: (1) the diurnal variabilities of the greenhouse gases at different heights in the city were different, with low value in daytime and high value at night for the 25m height, but opposite for the 255 and 500m heights. The CO₂ and CH₄ concentrations at each height were affected obviously by atmospheric boundary layer height, suggesting that vertical observation in cities must consider the variability of atmospheric boundary layer. (2) The vertical difference of the CO₂ and CH₄ concentrations were affected by anthropogenic activities and meteorological conditions, which can trace local and regional contributions. (3) The CO₂ and CH₄ concentrations were significantly correlated at each height (25, 255, 500m), and the correlation was weaker at greater height due to the interference of more emission and weak homology. The vertical observation of urban greenhouse gas concentration provided unique information that cannot be obtained from the horizontal observation. Therefore, three-dimensional greenhouse gas monitoring in cities was required to capture the change of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration and to serve the urban carbon emission reduction policy.

Key words： CO₂ and CH₄ concentration vertical difference Shanghai atmospheric boundary layer height CH₄:CO₂ ratio

收稿日期: 2024-01-18

PACS:

X511

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0607501);2022年浦东新区科技发展基金事业单位科研专项(PKJ2021-C08);上海市2022年度“科技创新行动计划”自然科学基金资助项目(22ZR1455600);江苏省自然科学基金杰出青年基金资助项目(BK20220055);江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金资助(前沿基础)项目(BK20220020);江苏省“333人才”领军型人才团队资助项目(BRA2022023);国家自然科学基金资助项目(42005143,42021004)

作者简介: 陈珑珑(1991-),男,安徽芜湖人,南京信息工程大学硕士研究生,研究方向为城市温室气体监测.674983388@qq.com.

引用本文:

陈珑珑, 肖薇, 杨帆, 单萌, 王君, 胡凝, 李若男, 程凯. 基于上海高层建筑观测冬季大气CO₂/CH₄垂直变化[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(8): 4155-4166. CHEN Long-long, XIAO Wei, YANG Fan, SHAN Meng, WANG Jun, HU Ning, LI Ruo-nan, CHENG Kai. Vertical variations of CO₂/CH₄ in winter based on observations at high-rise buildings in Shanghai. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(8): 4155-4166.

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