Emission factors (EFs) for 9water-soluble ions of Na⁺, NH₄⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, F^-, Cl^-, NO₃^- and SO₄^2- in PM_2.5 from raw coal and honeycomb coal burning were obtained by dilution sampling system and domestic burning test. The total emission amounts of water-soluble ions from residential coal burning in 2013 of China were calculated. An 1km×1km grid cell-based emission inventory was established. Results showed that the EFs of water soluble ions from honeycomb coal burning were higher than those emitted from the raw coal burning except for Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺. It is urgently to assess the emission reduction effect of hazardous chemical components of changing the raw coal into honey coal. The EFs of SO₄^2- were highest than other ions, which were 494mg/kg and 105mg/kg for honey coal and raw coal, respectively. The particles emitted from domestic coal burning were acidity, with ∑anion/∑cation ratios ranging in 2.0~2.5. For per capita emission, Shandong, Hebei and Beijing were the top three provinces with higher emission amounts, which were 520.16, 401.1 and 362.7gram per capita, respectively. For emission intensity, Shandong, Beijing and Shanghai hold the highest values, as 323.9, 287.3 and 197.9kg/km², respectively. The emission of ions from domestic coal burning in Beijing and Shandong should be paid more attention. For the high spatial resolution emission inventories of ions from domestic coal burning, they exhibited the following features:(1) eastern China exhibited higher values than those for western China; (2) they were higher in plains and basins than those in plateau and mountainous region; (3) they mainly constraint by the geographical environment factors and economic development level, which maybe related with the historical trend of population evolution. Human beings are mainly concentrated in the main plains, basins and river valleys, therefore from the view of alleviating heavy air pollution processes in winter, the water-soluble ions and their gaseous precusors should be strictly reduced.