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The simultaneous removal of ammonium and manganese from surface water by iron-manganese co-oxides film |
BAI Xiao-li, HUANG Ting-lin, ZHANG Rui-feng, WEN Gang |
School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China |
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Abstract In this study, ammonium and manganese were simultaneously removed from surface water by iron-manganese co-oxides film coated on the surface of quartz sand in a pilot-scale filter system, and the removal efficiency and kinetics were extensively investigated. The experiment results showed that ammonium and manganese from surface water could be removed effectively by the active oxides film, and the removal efficiency exceeded 90%. The removal of ammonium and manganese was found to be fitted to the pseudo-first order kinetic equation, but the kinetic coefficients were changed in the ranges of influent ammonium and manganese concentration. The effluent ammonium and manganese concentration of the filter column could meet the drinking water quality standards when the filtration rates were in the range of 4~13m/h and the removed ammonium and manganese by per volumetric filter media were increased with the increase of filtration rates. The relationship between the required filter depth to remove NH4+-N/Mn2+ below the permitted limits and the filtration rates followed a power function. The experiment results also showed that the active oxides film had a good tolerance to low water temperature. Even if the water temperature dropped to 10℃, it could be removed effectively to meet the standards of water quality when the influent ammonium and manganese concentration was 2.0mg/L and 0.9mg/L, respectively.
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Received: 09 May 2017
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