|
|
|
| Effects of exogenous carbon and nitrogen addition on the key process of carbon cycle in grassland ecosystem: a review |
| HE Yun-long1,2, QI Yu-chun1, PENG Qin1, DONG Yun-she1, YAN Zhong-qing1,2, Li Zhao-lin1,2 |
1. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Human activities result in a large amount of active nitrogen (N) depositing from atmosphere to biosphere.Then N deposition has inconsistently influenced in the key process of carbon (C) cycle in the grassland ecosystem.In this paper,we review the processes of C cycle (plant photosynthesis,aboveground and belowground biomass,soil respiration,litter decomposition and soil organic carbon content) responding to different N-addition levels and years in the grassland ecosystem,and analyze possible the causes of various in these processes.Simultaneously,we analysis that these processes respond to exogenous C addition.Furthermore,we analysis the mechanisms of microbes driving these processes under exogenous C and N addition.C availability is one of most controllers in the key processes of C cycle in grassland ecosystems.This paper throughout the above these works strongly emphasizes that conducting the related research will play important roles in scientific managing resources and increasing soil C sink in China.
|
|
Received: 25 August 2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] |
Galloway J N, Townsend A R, Erisman J W, et al. Transformation of the nitrogen cycle:recent trends, questions, and potential solutions[J]. Science, 2008,320:889-892.
|
| [2] |
Harpole W S, Potts D L, Suding K N. Ecosystem responses to water and nitrogen amendment in a California grassland[J]. Global Change Biology, 2007,13(11):2341-2348.
|
| [3] |
LeBauer D S, Treseder K K. Nitrogen limitation of net primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems is globally distributed[J]. Ecology, 2008,89(2):371-379.
|
| [4] |
Li W B, Jin C J, Guan D X, et al. The effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on plant root traits:a meta-analysis[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2015,82:112-118.
|
| [5] |
Xu W H, Wan S Q. Water-and plant-mediated responses of soil respiration to topography, fire, and nitrogen fertilization in a semiarid grassland in northern China[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2008,40:679-687.
|
| [6] |
Yue K, Peng Y, Peng C H, et al. Stimulation of terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage by nitrogen addition:a meta-analysis[J]. Scientific Reports, 2016,6:19895-19904.
|
| [7] |
Treseder K K. Nitrogen additions and microbial biomass:a meta-analysis of ecosystem studies[J]. Ecology Letters, 2008, 11(10):1111-1120.
|
| [8] |
Phillips R P, Fahey T J. Fertilization effects on fineroot biomass, rhizosphere microbes and respiratory fluxes in hardwood forest soils[J]. New Phytologist, 2007,176(3):655-664.
|
| [9] |
平晓燕,周广胜,孙敬松.植物光合产物分配及其影响因子研究进展[J]. 植物生态学报, 2010,34(1):100-111.
|
| [10] |
Luo Q P, Gong J R, Yang L L, et al. Impacts of nitrogen addition on the carbon balance in a temperate semiarid grassland ecosystem[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2017,53:911-927.
|
| [11] |
Peng Q, Dong Y S, Qi Y C, et al. Effects of nitrogen fertilization on soil respiration in temperate grassland in Inner Mongolia, China[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2011,62(6):1163-1171.
|
| [12] |
Qi Y C, Liu X C, Dong Y S, et al. Differential responses of short-term soil respiration dynamics to the experimental addition of nitrogen and water in the temperate semi-arid steppe of Inner Mongolia, China[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences-China, 2014,26(4):834-845.
|
| [13] |
Janssens I A, Dieleman W, Luyssaert S, et al. Reduction of forest soil respiration in response to nitrogen deposition[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2010,3(5):315-322.
|
| [14] |
Zhang C P, Niu D C, Hall S J, et al. Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on soil respiration components and their temperature sensitivities in a semiarid grassland[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2014,75:113-123.
|
| [15] |
Li Y, Liu Y H, Wu S M, et al. Microbial properties explain temporal variation in soil respiration in a grassland subjected to nitrogen addition[J]. Scientific Reports, 2015,5:18496-18506.
|
| [16] |
Yan L M, Chen S P, Huang J H, et al. Differential responses of auto-and heterotrophic soil respiration to water and nitrogen addition in a semiarid temperate steppe[J]. Global Change Biology, 2010,16(8):2345-2357.
|
| [17] |
Eberwein J R, Oikawa P Y, Allsman L A, et al. Carbon availability regulates soil respiration response to nitrogen and temperature[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2015,88:158-164.
|
| [18] |
Liang L L, Grantz D A, Jenerette G D. Multivariate regulation of soil CO2 and N2O pulse emissions from agricultural soils[J]. Global change biology, 2016,22(3):1286-1298.
|
| [19] |
Jiang X Y, Haddix M L, Cotrufo M F. Interactions between biochar and soil organic carbon decomposition:effects of nitrogen and low molecular weight carbon compound addition[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2016,100:92-101.
|
| [20] |
Liu C, Lu M, Cui J, et al. Effects of straw carbon input on carbon dynamics in agricultural soils:a meta-analysis[J]. Global Change Biology, 2014,20(5):1366-1381.
|
| [21] |
庞荔丹,孟婷婷,张宇飞,等.玉米秸秆配氮还田对土壤酶活性、微生物量碳含量及土壤呼吸量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2017, (1):1-6.
|
| [22] |
张庆忠,吴文良,王明新,等.秸秆还田和施氮对农田土壤呼吸的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2005,25(11):91-95.
|
| [23] |
何向南,黄高宝,黄鹏.秸秆还田及施肥对小麦复种油菜农田土壤呼吸的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2012,29(6):1003-1008.
|
| [24] |
叶文培,谢小立,王凯荣,等.不同时期秸秆还田对水稻生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2008,22(1):65-70.
|
| [25] |
徐国伟,谈桂露,王志琴,等.秸秆还田与实地氮肥管理对直播水稻产量、品质及氮肥利用的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2009, 42(8):2736-2746.
|
| [26] |
吴荣美,王永鹏,李凤民,等.秸秆还田与全膜双垄集雨沟播耦合对半干旱黄土高原玉米产量和土壤有机碳库的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2012,32(9):2855-2862.
|
| [27] |
Lu C Q, Tian H Q, Liu M L, et al. Effect of nitrogen deposition on China's terrestrial carbon uptake in the context of multifactor environmental changes[J]. Ecological Applications, 2012,22(1):53-75.
|
| [28] |
齐玉春,董云社,耿元波,等.我国草地生态系统碳循环研究进展[J]. 地理科学研究进展, 2003,22:342-52.
|
| [29] |
Zhang L, Yang Y X, Zhan X Y, et al. Responses of a dominant temperate grassland plant (Leymus chinensis) to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in China[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2010,39(1):251-259.
|
| [30] |
肖胜生,董云社,齐玉春,等.内蒙古温带草原羊草叶片功能特性与光合特征对外源氮输入的响应[J]. 环境科学学报, 2010, 30(12):2535-2543.
|
| [31] |
Niu S L, Zhang Y F, Yuan Z Y, et al. Effects of interspecific competition and nitrogen seasonality on the photosynthetic characteristics of C3 and C4 grasses[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2006,57(3):270-277.
|
| [32] |
Zhang Y F, Niu S L, Xu W H, et al. Species-specific response of photosynthesis to burning and nitrogen fertilization[J]. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 2008,50(5):565-574.
|
| [33] |
Nakaji T, Fukami M, Dokiya Y, et al. Effects of high nitrogen load on growth, photosynthesis and nutrient status of Cryptomeria japonica and Pinus densiflora seedlings[J]. Trees, 2001,15(8):453-461.
|
| [34] |
张向前,赵秀玲,王钰乔,等.耕作方式对冬小麦灌浆期光合性能日变化和籽粒产量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2017,28(3):885-893.
|
| [35] |
杨劲峰,鲁豫,刘小华,等.施用炭基缓释肥对花生光合功能的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2017,23(2):408-415.
|
| [36] |
白伟,张立祯,逄焕成,等.秸秆还田配施氮肥对东北春玉米光合性能和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2017,43(12):1845-1855.
|
| [37] |
慕平,张恩和,王汉宁,等.不同年限全量玉米秸秆还田对玉米生长发育及土壤理化性状的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2012,20(3):291-296.
|
| [38] |
Drake J E, Gallet-Budynek A, Hofmockel KS, et al. Increases in the flux of carbon belowground stimulate nitrogen uptake and sustain the long-term enhancement of forest productivity under elevated CO2[J]. Ecology Letters, 2011,14(4):349-357.
|
| [39] |
Lu M, Zhou X H, Luo Y Q, et al. Minor stimulation of soil carbon storage by nitrogen addition:a meta-analysis[J]. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 2011,140(1/2):234-244.
|
| [40] |
Ryals R, Silver W L. Effects of organic matter amendments on net primary productivity and greenhouse gas emissions in annual grasslands[J]. Ecological Applications, 2013,23(1):46-59.
|
| [41] |
Dornbush M E. Grasses, litter, and their interaction affect microbial biomass and soil enzyme activity[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2007,39(9):2241-2249.
|
| [42] |
Torok K, Szitar K, Halassy M, et al. Long-term outcome of nitrogen immobilization to restore endemic sand grassland in Hungary[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014,51(3):756-765.
|
| [43] |
Liu L L, Greaver T L. A global perspective on belowground carbon dynamics under nitrogen enrichment[J]. Ecology Letters, 2010,13(7):819-828.
|
| [44] |
Nguyen C. Rhizodeposition of organic C by plants:mechanisms and controls[J]. Agronomie, 2003,23(5/6):375-396.
|
| [45] |
白伟,安景文,张立祯,等.秸秆还田配施氮肥改善土壤理化性状提高春玉米产量[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017,33(15):168-176.
|
| [46] |
Fang H J, Cheng S L, Yu G R, et al. Responses of CO2 efflux from an alpine meadow soil on the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau to multi-form and low-level N addition[J]. Plant and Soil, 2012, 351(1/2):177-190.
|
| [47] |
Treseder K K. A meta-analysis of mycorrhizal responses to nitrogen, phosphorus, and atmospheric CO2 in field studies[J]. New Phytologist, 2004,164(2):347-355.
|
| [48] |
Luo Y Q, Zhao X Y, Andren O, et al. Artificial root exudates and soil organic carbon mineralization in a degraded sandy grassland in northern China[J]. Journal of Arid Land, 2014,6(4):423-431.
|
| [49] |
Kuzyakov Y, Bol R. Sources and mechanisms of priming effect induced in two grassland soils amended with slurry and sugar[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2006,38(4):747-758.
|
| [50] |
Blagodatskaya E, Yuyukina T, Blagodatsky S, et al. Three-source-partitioning of microbial biomass and of CO2 efflux from soil to evaluate mechanisms of priming effects[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2011,43(4):778-786.
|
| [51] |
Blagodatskaya E V, Blagodatsky S A, Anderson T H, et al. Contrasting effects of glucose, living roots and maize straw on microbial growth kinetics and substrate availability in soil[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 2009,60(2):186-197.
|
| [52] |
Carreiro M M, Sinsabaugh R L, Repert D A, et al. Microbial enzyme shifts explain litter decay responses to simulated nitrogen deposition[J]. Ecology, 2000,81(9):2359-2365.
|
| [53] |
Peng Q, Qi Y C, Dong Y S, et al. Litter decomposition and the C and N dynamics as affected by N additions in a semi-arid temperate steppe, Inner Mongolia of China[J]. Journal of Arid Land, 2014,6(4):432-444.
|
| [54] |
于雯超,宋晓龙,王慧,等.氮沉降对草原凋落物分解的影响[J]. 农业资源与环境学报, 2013,30(6):14-19.
|
| [55] |
Rahman M M, Tsukamoto J, Rahman M M, et al. Lignin and its effects on litter decomposition in forest ecosystems[J]. Chemistry and Ecology, 2013,29(6):540-553.
|
| [56] |
Liu J, Wu N N, Wang H, et al. Nitrogen addition affects chemical compositions of plant tissues, litter and soil organic matter[J]. Ecology, 2016,97(7):1796-1806.
|
| [57] |
Fang X, Zhao L, Zhou G Y, et al. Increased litter input increases litter decomposition and soil respiration but has minor effects on soil organic carbon in subtropical forests[J]. Plant and Soil, 2015, 392(1/2):139-153.
|
| [58] |
Barantal S, Schimann H, Fromin N, Hättenschwiler S. Nutrient and Carbon Limitation on Decomposition in an Amazonian Moist Forest[J]. Ecosystems, 2012,15(7):1039-1052.
|
| [59] |
Kuzyakov Y, Hill P W, Jones D L. Root exudate components change litter decomposition in a simulated rhizosphere depending on temperature[J]. Plant and Soil, 2007,290(1/2):293-305.
|
| [60] |
Riggs C E, Hobbie S E, Bach E M, et al. Nitrogen addition changes grassland soil organic matter decomposition[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2015,125(2):203-219.
|
| [61] |
Fang H J, Cheng S L, Yu G R, et al. Nitrogen deposition impacts on the amount and stability of soil organic matter in an alpine meadow ecosystem depend on the form and rate of applied nitrogen[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 2014,65(4):510-519.
|
| [62] |
Riggs C E, Hobbie S E. Mechanisms driving the soil organic matter decomposition response to nitrogen enrichment in grassland soils[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2016,99:54-65.
|
| [63] |
Jian S Y, Li J W, Chen J, et al. Soil extracellular enzyme activities, soil carbon and nitrogen storage under nitrogen fertilization:a meta-analysis[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2016,101:32-43.
|
| [64] |
Fontaine S, Bardoux G, Abbadie L, et al. Carbon input to soil may decrease soil carbon content[J]. Ecology Letters, 2004,7(4):314-320.
|
| [65] |
Ryals R, Kaiser M, Torn M S, et al. Impacts of organic matter amendments on carbon and nitrogen dynamics in grassland soils[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2014,68:52-61.
|
| [66] |
Diochon A, Gregorich E G, Kellman L, et al. Greater soil C inputs accelerate loss of C in cropping systems with low N input[J]. Plant and Soil, 2016,400(1/2):93-105.
|
| [67] |
Nguyen T T, Marschner P. Soil respiration, microbial biomass and nutrient availability in soil after repeated addition of low and high C/N plant residues[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2016,52(2):165-176.
|
| [68] |
Hartley I P, Hopkins D W, Sommerkorn M, et al. The response of organic matter mineralisation to nutrient and substrate additions in sub-arctic soils[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2010,42(1):92-100.
|
| [69] |
Blagodatskaya E, Kuzyakov Y. Mechanisms of real and apparent priming effects and their dependence on soil microbial biomass and community structure:critical review[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2008,45(2):115-131.
|
| [70] |
Holden S R, Treseder K K. A meta-analysis of soil microbial biomass responses to forest disturbances[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2013,4:17.
|
| [71] |
Chen D M, Lan Z C, Hu S J, et al. Effects of nitrogen enrichment on belowground communities in grassland:Relative role of soil nitrogen availability vs. soil acidification[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2015,89:99-108.
|
| [72] |
Alster C J, German D P, Lu Y, et al. Microbial enzymatic responses to drought and to nitrogen addition in a southern California grassland[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2013, 64:68-79.
|
| [73] |
Bach E M, Hofmockel K S. Coupled carbon and nitrogen inputs increase microbial biomass and activity in prairie bioenergy systems[J]. Ecosystems, 2015,18(3):417-427.
|
| [74] |
Murugan R, Loges R, Taube F, et al. Changes in soil microbial biomass and residual indices as ecological indicators of land use change in temperate permanent grassland[J]. Microbial Ecology, 2014,67(4):907-918.
|
| [75] |
Nottingham A T, Griffiths H, Chamberlain P M, et al. Soil priming by sugar and leaf-litter substrates:A link to microbial groups[J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 2009,42(3):183-190.
|
| [76] |
Zeglin L, Stursova M, Sinsabaugh R, et al. Microbial responses to nitrogen addition in three contrasting grassland ecosystems[J]. Oecologia, 2007,154(2):349-359.
|
| [77] |
Tian X F, Hu H W, Ding Q, et al. Influence of nitrogen fertilization on soil ammonia oxidizer and denitrifier abundance, microbial biomass, and enzyme activities in an alpine meadow[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2014,50(4):703-713.
|
| [78] |
Farrer E C, Herman D J, Franzova E, et al. Nitrogen deposition, plant carbon allocation, and soil microbes:changing interactions due to enrichment[J]. American Journal of Botany, 2013,100(7):1458-1470.
|
| [79] |
Sun L J, Qi Y C, Dong Y S, et al. Interactions of water and nitrogen addition on soil microbial community composition and functional diversity depending on the inter-annual precipitation in a Chinese steppe[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2015, 14(4):788-799.
|
| [80] |
Docherty K, Balser T, Bohannan B M, et al. Soil microbial responses to fire and interacting global change factors in a California annual grassland[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2012,109(1-3):63-83.
|
| [81] |
Zeng J, Liu X J, Song L, et al. Nitrogen fertilization directly affects soil bacterial diversity and indirectly affects bacterial community composition[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2016,92:41-49.
|
| [82] |
Carey C J, Beman J M, Eviner V T, et al. Soil microbial community structure is unaltered by plant invasion, vegetation clipping, and nitrogen fertilization in experimental semi-arid grasslands[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2015,6:14.
|
| [83] |
Hamer U, Potthast K, Makeschin F. Urea fertilisation affected soil organic matter dynamics and microbial community structure in pasture soils of Southern Ecuador[J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 2009,43(2/3):226-233.
|
| [84] |
Paterson E, Sim A. Soil-specific response functions of organic matter mineralization to the availability of labile carbon[J]. Global Change Biology, 2013,19(5):1562-1571.
|
| [85] |
Lemanski K, Scheu S. Incorporation of 13C labelled glucose into soil microorganisms of grassland:effects of fertilizer addition and plant functional group composition[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2014,69:38-45.
|
| [86] |
Reischke S, Rousk J, Bååth E. The effects of glucose loading rates on bacterial and fungal growth in soil[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2014,70:88-95.
|
| [87] |
German D P, Weintraub M N, Grandy A S, et al. Optimization of hydrolytic and oxidative enzyme methods for ecosystem studies[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2011,43:1387-1397.
|
| [88] |
Sinsabaugh R L, Lauber C L, Weintraub M N, et al. Stoichiometry of soil enzyme activity at global scale[J]. Ecology Letters, 2008,11(11):1252-1264.
|
| [89] |
Veres Z, Kotroczó Z, Fekete I, et al. Soil extracellular enzyme activities are sensitive indicators of detrital inputs and carbon availability[J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 2015,92:18-23.
|
| [90] |
Gavrichkova O, Moscatelli M C, Kuzyakov Y, et al. Influence of defoliation on CO2 efflux from soil and microbial activity in a Mediterranean grassland[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 2010,136(1/2):87-96.
|
|
|
|
