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Spatiotemporal variation of the temperature mutation and warming hiatus over northern China during 1951~2014 |
LIANG Long-teng, MA Long, LIU Ting-xi, SUN Bo-lin, ZHOU Ying |
College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China |
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Abstract Based on the annual (monthly) data of average minimum temperature, average temperature and average maximum temperature at 357 meteorological stations of northern China and the surrounding region from 1951 to 2014, the detection methods, such as Mann-Kendall, are adopted to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of the three types of temperature mutation and the warming hiatus. The results indicated that the total mutation year of the three types of temperature (1978 to 1999, 1981 to 2002 and 1981 to 2005), the general mutation year widely distributed (1988, 1989 and 1997) and the range (3a) were delayed one by one. Overall, mutation year gradually got late with the latitude. The mutation of northeastern China was earlier than that of northwestern and northern China. Warming hiatus was mainly in 1998 and 2007 and before or after the year of 1998 (2007). Three types of temperature also became later in turn (1994 to 2007, 1995 to 2009 and 1998 to 2010) from the middle of the Yellow River basin to other directions. The cycle from mutation to warm hiatus was gradually shortened with the latitude (3~30a). The earlier the mutation occurred, the longer of the cycle. The average temperature difference between the mutation and warming hiatus of northwestern China was the highest (2.4℃). Meteorological stations, where the temperature difference was 1℃,were the most widely distributed. The stations, at which the increase (decrease) temperature rate in each time period was generally 0.01℃/10a, 0.05℃/10a, -0.03℃/10a, were the most widely distributed. After the mutation, the temperature increased fastest(0.02~0.16℃/10a). The northwestern China contributed most to the heating. However, after the warming hiatus, the northeastern China contributed most to the cooling. In those two periods, heating (cooling) rate decreases in turn according to the order of average minimum temperature, average maximum temperature and average temperature. The change degree of the three types of temperature gradually decreases with the latitude as a whole. In the areas of high latitudes, high altitudes and mountains, the temperature mutation and the warming hiatus were earlier or later than surrounding areas, eigenvalues were larger. The time and eigenvalues of each period about three types of temperature mutation, warming hiatus as well as mutation and warming hiatus respectively had the universal law of consistency throughout the entire northern China.
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Received: 20 September 2017
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