The emission amount and characters of air pollutants from non-road mobile sources were analyzed with emission factor method, based on the collected vehicle population and activity levels of construction machinery, agricultural machinery, locomotives, ships, and civil aircrafts in Sichuan Province in 2015. Subsequently, a 3km×3km grid emission inventory was established. The results showed that the emissions of PM₁₀, PM_2.5, NO_x, THC and CO were about 1.38×10⁴t, 1.25×10⁴t, 1.83×10⁵t, 2.98×10⁴t and 1.21×10⁵t respectively. The construction machinery was the largest source, which contributes more than 70%. The second contributor was the agricultural machinery, about 15%. The emissions of the two primary sources mainly concentrated in summer and autumn, comparing to the uniform distribution of locomotives, marine and civil aircraft. Spatially, the high emission sources are mainly distributed in the Chengdu plain and the southern region of Sichuan.