相对湿度和PM<sub>2.5</sub>浓度对乌鲁木齐市冬季能见度的影响

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (962 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract In this study the visibility, PM_2.₅ concentration and meteorological data from December in 2016 to February in 2017 were analyzed by using statistical methods to present variations of visibility in winter in Urumqi. The quantitative relation among the visibility, relative humidity (RH) and PM_2.5 concentration was explored and the thresholds of PM_2.5 concentration corresponding to different visibility grades were proposed.The results indicated that the average diurnal variations of visibility showed a single peak in winter, coincident with these of PM_2.5 concentration and RH. The highest and lowest values of visibility were observed respectively at around 13:00 BJT (Beijing time) and 20:00 BJT. High RH and severe PM_2.5 pollution could both reduce visibility significantly in winter, but low visibility in winter was mainly caused by PM_2.5 pollution. The variations of visibility at RH < 90% were primarily controlled by the accumulation of PM_2.5 and its hygroscopic growth. Especially for 70%￡RH < 90%, PM_2.5 concentration was the most important influencing factor for visibility variations. When RH³90%, the visibility degradation was mainly contributed to the influences of RH. The influences of RH on visibility were weakened gradually as PM_2.5 concentration increased in the transitions from good air quality to severely polluted condition. The visibility was significantly negatively correlated with PM_2.5 concentration, and the increasing of visibility responded nonlinearly to the descending of PM_2.5 concentration. We found that visibility did not increase obviously when PM_2.5 pollution level transformed from severely polluted into moderately polluted. The visibility would increase quickly when PM_2.5 concentrations dropped below 115μg/m³ (i.e. excellent, good air quality, slightly polluted condition). However, the PM_2.5 concentration corresponding to the visibility of 8km (relatively high visibility in winter) needed to be further limited under 39μg/m³. This finding has important implications for air pollution prevention and control in winter in Urumqi.

Key words： Urumqi atmospheric visibility relative humidity PM_2.5 concentration nonlinear response

Received: 26 December 2019

PACS:

X513

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	LI Jun
	WANG Jin-li
	QU Kun

Cite this article:

LI Jun,WANG Jin-li,QU Kun. Impacts of relative humidity and PM_2.5 concentration on atmospheric visibility during winter in Urumqi Urban Area[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(8): 3322-3331.

URL:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2020/V40/I8/3322

[1]	张强,耿冠楠.中国清洁空气行动对PM2.5污染的影响[J].中国科学:地球科学, 2020,50(4):439-440. Zhang Q, Geng G N. Impact of clean air action on PM2.5 pollution in China[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2019,62:1845-1846.
[2]	姚青,韩素芹,蔡子颖,等.天津城区春季大气气溶胶消光特性研究[J].中国环境科学, 2012,32(5):795-802. Yao Q, Han S Q, Cai Z Y, et al. Study on characteristic of aerosol extinction at Tianjin City in the spring[J]. China Environmental Science, 2012,32(5):795-802.
[3]	何镓祺,于兴娜,朱彬,等.南京冬季气溶胶消光特性及霾天气低能见度特征[J].中国环境科学, 2016,36(6):1645-1653. He J Q, Yu X N, Zhu B, et al. Characteristics of aerosol extinction and low visibility in haze weather in winter of Nanjing[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(6):1645-1653.
[4]	刘凡,谭钦文,江霞,等.成都市冬季相对湿度对颗粒物浓度和大气能见度的影响[J].环境科学, 2018,39(4):1466-1472. Liu F, Tan Q W, Jiang X, et al. Effect of relative humidity on particulate matter concentration and visibility during winter in Chengdu[J]. Environmental Science, 2018,39(4):1466-1472.
[5]	GB/T 35223-2017地面气象观测规范气象能见度[S]. GB/T 35223-2017 Specifications for surface meteorological observation-Meteorological visibility[S].
[6]	Wang X Y, Zhang R H, Yu W. The effects of PM2.5concentrations and relative humidity on atmospheric visibility in Beijing[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2019,124(4):2235-2259.
[7]	陈静,赵春生.大气低能见度的影响因子分析及计算方法综述[J].气象科技进展, 2014,4(4):44-51. Chen J, Zhao C S. A review of influence factors and calculation of atmospheric low visibility[J]. Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology, 2014,4(4):44-51.
[8]	中华人民共和国生态环境部.2017年中国生态环境状况公报[EB/OL]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/hjzl/zghjzkgb/lnzghjzkgb/201805/P020180531534645032372.pdf. 2018-05-31. Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China. Report on the state of the ecology and environment in China 2017[EB/OL]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/hjzl/zghjzkgb/lnzghjzkgb/201805/P020180531534645032372.pdf. 2018-05-31.
[9]	陈一娜,赵普生,何迪,等.北京地区大气消光特征及参数化研究[J].环境科学, 2015,36(10):3582-3589. Chen Y N, Zhao P S, HeD, et al. Characteristics and parameterization for atmospheric extinction coefficient in Beijing[J]. Environmental Science, 2015,36(10):3582-3589.
[10]	Liu X G, Zhang Y H, Cheng Y F, et al. Aerosol hygroscopicity and its impact on atmospheric visibility and radiative forcing in Guangzhou during the 2006 PRIDE-PRD campaign[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2012,60:59-67.
[11]	Yoon C S, Kim J Y. Influences of relative humidity on aerosol optical properties and aerosol radiative forcing during ACE-Asia[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2006,40:4328-4338.
[12]	Cao J J, Wang Q Y, Chow J C, et al. Impacts of aerosol compositions on visibility impairment in Xi'an, China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2012,59:559-566.
[13]	姚青,蔡子颖,韩素芹,等.天津冬季相对湿度对气溶胶浓度谱分布和大气能见度的影响[J].中国环境科学, 2014,34(3):596-603. Yao Q, Cai Z Y, Han S Q, et al. Effects of relative humidity on the aerosol size distribution and visibility in the winter in Tianjin[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014,34(3):596-603.
[14]	余洋,杨军.南京2007年12月持续雾霾过程的大气消光特性[J].环境科学学报, 2016,36(7):2305-2313. Yu Y, Yang J. Atmospheric extinction of a persistent fog/haze event in Nanjing during December 2007[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2016,36(7):2305-2313.
[15]	Liu X G, Cheng Y F, Zhang Y H, et al. Influences of relative humidity and particle chemical composition on aerosol scattering properties during the 2006PRD campaign[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2008, 42(7):1525-1536.
[16]	Chen J, Qiu S S, Shang J, et al. Impact of relative humidity and water soluble constituents of PM2.5on visibility impairment in Beijing, China[J]. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 2014,14:260-268.
[17]	白永清,祁海霞,刘琳,等.武汉大气能见度与PM2.5浓度及相对湿度关系的非线性分析及能见度预报[J].气象学报, 2016,74(2):189-199. Bai Y Q, Qi H X, Liu L, et al. Study on the nonlinear relationship among the visibility, PM2.5 concentration and relative humidity in Wuhan and the visibility prediction[J]. Acta Meteor Sinica, 2016, 74(2):189-199.
[18]	韩茜,魏文寿,刘明哲,等.乌鲁木齐降雪与非降雪天气边界层结构变化特征[J].应用气象学报, 2011,22(3):292-301. Han X, Wei W S, Liu M Z, et al. Diurnal evolution of the urban boundary layer structure during a snow process in Urumqi[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2011,22(3):292-301.
[19]	于志翔,于晓晶,李霞.2013~2015年乌鲁木齐北部城区大气能见度变化特征及其影响因素[J].干旱气象, 2017,35(3):412-419. Yu Z X, Yu X J, Li X. Variation characteristics of atmospheric visibility and its influence factors in northern part of Urumqi during 2013~2015[J]. Journal of Arid Meteorology, 2017,35(3):412-419.
[20]	QX/T 113-2010霾的观测和等级预报[S]. QX/T 113-2010 Observation and forecasting levels of haze[S].
[21]	HJ 633-2012环境空气质量指数(AQI)技术规定(试行)[S]. HJ 633-2012 Technical regulation on ambient air quality index (on trial)[S].
[22]	黄瑜,夏俊荣,韩永翔,等.无霾和有霾情况下大气混合层高度的日变化及其特征-基于河北香河站激光雷达的观测[J].科学技术与工程, 2015,15(24):126-131. Huang Y, Xia J R, Han Y X, et al. The diurnal variation and characteristics of the atmospheric mixed layer height in haze and non-haze days-based on LIDAR observation in Xianghe, Hebei[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2015,15(24):126-131.
[23]	严国梁,韩永翔,张祥志,等.南京地区一次灰霾天气的微脉冲激光雷达观测分析[J].中国环境科学, 2014,34(7):1667-1672. Yan G L, Han Y X, Zhang X Z, et al. Analysis of a haze event in Nanjing with micro-pulse lidar measurements[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014,34(7):1667-1672.
[24]	刘景云,刘子锐,温天雪,等.石家庄秋季一次典型霾污染过程水溶性离子粒径分布特征[J].环境科学, 2016,37(9):3258-3267. Liu J Y, Liu Z R, Wen T X, et al. Characteristics of the size distribution of water soluble inorganic ions during a typical haze pollution in the autumn in Shijiazhuang[J]. Environmental Science, 2016,37(9):3258-3267.
[25]	姜江,张国平,高金兵.北京大气能见度的主要影响因子[J].应用气象学报, 2018,29(2):188-199. Jiang J, Zhang G P, Gao J B. Main influencing factors of visibility in Beijing[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2018,29(2):188-199.
[26]	杨军,牛忠清,石春娥,等.南京冬季雾霾过程中气溶胶粒子的微物理特征[J].环境科学, 2010,31(7):1425-1431. Yang J, Niu Z Q, Shi C E, et al. Microphysics of atmospheric aerosols during winter haze/fog events in Nanjing[J]. Environmental Science, 2010,31(7):1425-1431.
[27]	姚青,蔡子颖,韩素芹,等. 2009年秋冬季天津低能见度天气下气溶胶污染特征[J].气象, 2012,38(9):1096-1102. Yang Q, Cai Z Y, Han S Q, et al. Study on the pollution characteristics of aerosols during low visibility weather at Tianjin City in autumn and winter 2009[J]. Meteor Mon, 2012,38(9):1096-1102.
[28]	孙景群.能见度与相对湿度的关系[J].气象学报, 1985,43(2):230-234. Sun J Q. The relation between visibility and relative humidity[J]. Acta Meteor Sinica, 1985,43(2):230-234.
[29]	刘新罡,张远航.大气气溶胶吸湿性质国内外研究进展[J].气候与环境研究, 2010,15(6):808-816. Liu X G, Zhang Y H. Advances in research on aerosol hygroscopic properties at home and abroad[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2010,15(6):808-816.
[30]	Quan J N, Liu Q, Li X, et al. Effect of heterogeneous aqueous reactions on the secondary formation of inorganic aerosols during haze events[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2015,122:306-312.
[31]	闫语,张阳,张元勋.大气颗粒物中水溶性有机物的研究进展[J].环境科学研究, 2019,32(11):1800-1808. Yan Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y X. The advances of water-soluble organic compounds in atmospheric particles[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2019,32(11):1800-1808.
[32]	宿文康,鲍晓磊,倪爽英,等.2018年石家庄市秋冬季典型霾污染特征[J].环境科学, 2019,40(11):4755-4763. Su W K, Bao X L, Ni S Y, et al. Characteristics of haze pollution episodes during autumn and winter in 2018 in Shijiazhuang[J]. Environmental Science, 2019,40(11):4755-4763.
[33]	周奕珂,朱彬,韩志伟,等.长江三角洲地区冬季能见度特征及影响因子分析[J].中国环境科学, 2016,36(3):660-669. Zhou Y K, Zhu B, Han Z W, et al. Analysis of visibility characteristics and connecting factors over the Yangtze River Delta Region during winter time[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(3):660-669.
[34]	中国环境科学研究院,乌鲁木齐市大气颗粒物污染来源解析[R].乌鲁木齐:乌鲁木齐市环境保护局, 2017. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Source apportionment of atmospheric particulate matter in Urumqi[R]. Urumqi Environmental Protection Bureau, 2017.
[35]	王继康,张恒德,桂海林,等.能见度与PM2.5浓度关系及其分布特征[J].环境科学, 2019,40(7):2985-2993. Wang J K, Zhang H D, Gui H L, et al. Relationship between atmospheric visibility and PM2.5 concentrations and distributions[J]. Environmental Science, 2019,40(7):2985-2993.
[36]	姚青,蔡子颖,韩素芹,等.天津冬季雾霾天气下颗粒物质量浓度分布与光学特性[J].环境科学研究, 2014,27(5):462-469. Yao Q, Cai Z Y, Han S Q, et al. PM2.5 pollution characteristics and aerosol optical properties during haze episodes in Tianjin[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2014,27(5):462-469.
[37]	Chen J, Zhao C S, Ma N, et al. A parameterization of low visibilities for haze days in the North China Plain[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2012,12(11):4935-4950.
[38]	Liu F, Tan Q W, Jiang X, et al. Effects of relative humidity and PM2.5 chemical compositions on visibility impairment in Chengdu, China[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2019,86(12):15-23.
[39]	叶兴南,陈建民.灰霾与颗粒物吸湿增长[J].自然杂志, 2014,35(5):337-341. Ye X N, Chen J M. Haze and hygroscopic growth[J]. Chinese Journal of Nature, 2014,35(5):337-341.
[40]	张浩,石春娥,吴必文,等.合肥市能见度与相对湿度、PM2.5质量浓度的定量关系[J].生态环境学报, 2017,26(6):1001-1008. Zhang H, Shi C E, Wu B W, et al. Quantified relationships among the visibility, relative humidity and PM2.5 mass concentration in Hefei City[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2017,26(6):1001-1008.
[41]	樊高峰,马浩,张小伟,等.相对湿度和PM2.5浓度对大气能见度的影响研究:基于小时资料的多站对比分析[J].气象学报, 2016, 74(6):959-973. Fan G F, Ma H, Zhang X W, et al. Impacts of relative humidity and PM2.5 concentration on atmospheric visibility:A comparative study of hourly observations of multiple stations[J]. Acta Meteor Sinica, 2016,74(6):959-973.