不同灌溉方式旱田土壤N<sub>2</sub>O排放和氮素淋溶特征

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (818 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract In present study, a two-year experiment in the field was performed, and the static chamber and soil solution extractor were used to quantify N₂O emissions and nitrogen leaching from upland soils. The treatments include DCK(drip irrigation without fertilizer)、DD(drip irrigation +N 500kg/hm²)、DG(drip irrigation +N 1000kg/hm²)、FCK(furrow irrigation without fertilizer)、FD(furrow irrigation +N 500kg/hm²)、FG(furrow irrigation +N 1000kg/hm²).The results showed that there were significant differences in N₂O emissions and nitrogen leaching under different nitrogen fertilizer application and irrigation methods(P<0.01). N₂O emissions increased with the increase of nitrogen applications. Compared with furrow irrigation, drip irrigation effectively reduced N₂O emissions, the cumulative N₂O emissions of FCK、FD、FG were 2, 23.79, 45.73kg/hm² and 2.08, 6.23, 13.93kg/hm² in 2018 and 2019, respectively; DCK、DD、DG reduced cumulative N₂O emissions by 35%、80.9%、75.6% and 26.7%、66.4%、21.5%, respectively. Cumulative N leaching from upland soils showed that drip irrigation produced less nitrogen leaching than furrow irrigation, nitrogen leached less at the depth of 80cm that at 40cm. Compare with to furrow irrigation, drip irrigation at the depth 40cm、80cm reduced cumulative N leaching amounts (on equivalent N application amounts) by 36.95%~63.10 and 54.93%~87.92% in two years. The results of principal component analysis showed that N₂O emissions were mainly determined by soil nitrate nitrogen content and the frequency of precipitation, the correlation coefficients were 0.689 and 0.596, respectively; nitrogen leaching amounts were mainly determined by the frequency of precipitation and irrigation, the correlation coefficients were 0.697 and -0.729, respectively. Drip irrigation effectively reduced the amounts of N₂O emissions and nitrogen leaching amounts, at the same time, it could increase nitrogen utilization efficiency and decrease nitrate pollution on the environment.

Key words： drip irrigation furrow irrigation nitrogen leaching N₂O NO₃^--N NH₄⁺-N

Received: 28 June 2020

PACS:

X511

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	YU Ya-ze
	JIAO Yan
	YANG Wen-zhu
	SONG Chun-ni
	YU Jun-xia
	LIU Li-jia
	ZHANG Jing
	LIU Yu-bin

Cite this article:

YU Ya-ze,JIAO Yan,YANG Wen-zhu等. Characteristics of N₂O emissions and nitrogen leaching from upland soils under drip or furrow irrigation[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(2): 813-825.

URL:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2021/V41/I2/813

[1]	刘震,徐玉鹏,娄翼来,等.栽培施肥模式对华北旱作玉米生长及氮肥利用率的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2019,47(24):50-54.Liu Z, Xu Y P, Lou Y L, et al. The effect of cultivation and fertilization mode on the growth and nitrogen utilization rate of Dryland Maize in North China[J]. Jiangsu agricultural sciences, 2019,47(24):50-54.
[2]	Moore T R, Bubier J L. Plant and Soil Nitrogen in an Ombrotrophic Peatland, Southern Canada[J]. Ecosystems, 2020,23(1):98-110.
[3]	余立祥,卞坡,吴跃进,等.化肥"控失"对作物氮素农学利用率的影响[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2007,13(24):25-26.Yu L X, Bian P, Wu Y J, et al. Influence of "Lose-control" of Fertilizer on Nitrogen Agronomic Utilized efficiency of Crop[J]. Bulletin of Anhui agronomy, 2007,13(24):25-26.
[4]	Climate change 2013:the physical science basis:final draft underly-ing scientific-technical assessment:Working Group I contribution to the IPCC fifth assessment report[R]. Computational Geometry.
[5]	张玉铭,胡春胜,张佳宝.太行山前平原农田生态系统氮素循环与平衡研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2006,43(1):17-25.Zhang Y M, Hu C, Zhang J B. Nitrogen cycling and balance in agricultural ecosystem in piedmont plain of Taihang Mountains[J]. Journal of plant nutrition and fertilizer, 2006,43(1):17-25.
[6]	Li C J, Xi Y W, Huang Q Z, et al. Impact of irrigation and fertilization regimes on greenhouse gas emissions from soil of mulching cultivated maize field in the upper reaches of Yellow River, China[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020,259(4):216-224.
[7]	Burt C. Fertigation, irrigation training and research center[M]. Lambert Acaclemic Publishing, 1998.
[8]	Kennedy T L. Reduced nitrous oxide emissions and increased yields in California tomato cropping systems under drip irrigation and fertigation[J]. Agricultural, Ecosystems and Environment, 2013, 170(8):16-27.
[9]	郭树芳,齐玉春,董云社,等.滴灌对农田土壤CO2和N2O产生与排放的影响研究进展[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(11):2757-2763.Guo S F, Qi Y C, Dong Y S,et al. Research progress on the effect of drip irrigation on the production and emission of CO2 and N2O in farmland soil[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014,34(11):2757-2763.
[10]	王维汉,毛钱,严爱兰.滴灌下青椒地N2O排放规律研究[J]. 中国农村水利水电, 2014,14(7):31-34.Wang W H, Mao Q, Yan A L. N2O emission from green pepper field under drip irrigation[J]. China Rural Water and Hydropower, 2014, 14(7):31-34.
[11]	Lin W, Ding J, Li Y Z, et al. Effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on emission and sources of N2O in vegetable soils[J]. The journal of applied ecology, 2018,29(5):1470-1479.
[12]	Zheng L, Guo L P,et al. Effects of Fertilization on ammonia volatilization and nitrous oxide emission from vegetable field[J]. Chinese Applied Ecology, 2018,29(12):4063-4070.
[13]	王肖娟,危常州,张君,等.灌溉方式和施氮量对棉田氮肥利用率及损失的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2012,23(10):2751-2758.Wang X J, Wei C Z, Zhang J, et al. Effects of irrigation mode and N application rate on cotton field N use efficiency and N losses[J]. Chinese Applied Ecology, 2012,23(10):2751-2758.
[14]	樊兆博,刘美菊,张晓曼,等.滴灌施肥对设施番茄产量和氮素表观平衡的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2011,17(4):970-976.Fan Z B, Liu M J, Zhang X M, et al.Effect of dripper fertigation on tomato yield and apparent N balance in a greenhouse[J]. Journal of plant nutrition and fertilizer, 2011,17(4):970-976.
[15]	Hui, Chen, Zi, et al. Effects of irrigation amounts on soil CO2, N2O and CH4 emissions in greenhouse tomato field[J]. The journal of applied ecology, 2019,30(9):3126-3136.
[16]	孙震.不同施氮水平和灌溉方式对稻田氮素渗漏淋溶和N2O排放的影响[D]. 南京:南京农业大学, 2014.Sun Z. Effects of different nitrogen application levels and irrigation methods on nitrogen leaching and N2O emission from rice fields[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University, 2014.
[17]	石敏,肖伟华,王春梅,等.施肥与灌溉对黑土区稻田氮素渗漏淋溶的影响[J]. 南水北调与水利科技, 2016,10(1):42-49.Shi M, Xiao W H, Wang C M,et al. Effect of fertilization and irrigation on nitrogen leaching in paddy field of black soil area[J]. South to North Water Diversion and Water Conservancy Technology, 2016,10(1):42-49.
[18]	宋开付,于海洋,张广斌,等.川中丘陵区覆膜再生稻田N2O排放规律研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2019,38(6):1381-1387.Song K F, Yu H Y, Zhang G B,et al. Study on N2O emission of plastic mulched rice field in the hilly area of central Sichuan Province[J]. Journal of Agronomy Environment Science, 2019,38(6):1381-1387.
[19]	Geng J, Sun Y, Zhang M, et al. Long-term effects of controlled release urea application on crop yields and soil fertility under rice-oilseed rape rotation system[J]. Field Crops Research, 2015,184(1):65-73.
[20]	Qiao J, Yang L, Yan T, et al. Rice dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, soil mineral N around root and N leaching with increasing application rates of fertilizer[J]. European Journal of Agronomy, 2013,49(16):93-103.
[21]	张向前,张玉虎,赵远,等.不同裂解温度稻秆生物炭对土壤CH4、N2O排放影响分析[J]. 土壤通报, 2018,49(3):630-639.Zhang X Q, Zhang Y H, Zhao Y,et al.Effects of rice straw biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures on CH4and N2O emissions from soil[J]. Soil Bulletin, 2018,49(3):630-639.
[22]	陈银萍,罗永清,陶玲,等.兰州市农村饮用水中硝态氮分布特征及评价[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2011,30(1):183-189.Chen Y P, Luo Y Q, Tao L, et al. Distribution characteristics and evaluation of nitrate nitrogen in rural drinking water in Lanzhou City[J]. Journal of Agronomy Environment Science, 2011,30(1):183-189.
[23]	钱振杰.土壤中养分的快速测定方法[D]. 西安:西北大学, 2005.Qian Z J. Study on rapid determination method and instrument of soil nutrients[D]. Xi¢an:Northwestern University, 2005.
[24]	Chen Y M, Zhang J Y, Xu X, et al. Effects of different irrigation and fertilization practices on nitrogen leaching in facility vegetable production in northeastern China[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2018,39(7):165-170.
[25]	邓强,杨定清,雷绍荣,等.野外土壤pH值快速测定方法研究[J]. 四川农业科技, 2016,(4):35-38.Deng Q, Yang D Q, Lei S R, et al. Study on rapid determination method of soil pH in field[J]. Sichuan Agricultural Science and technology, 2016,(4):35-38.
[26]	莫治雄.一种快速精确测定土壤有机碳的常规方法[J]. 土壤学进展, 1992,20(1):46-48.Mo Z X. A conventional method for rapid and accurate determination of soil organic carbon[J]. Advances in Pedology, 1992,20(1):46-48.
[27]	Zhou X Q, Li H W, He J, et al. Design of sectional undisturbed soil sampler for determination of soil bulk density[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2008,24(8):127-130.
[28]	唐洋.基于电场的土壤水分传感器研究[D]. 重庆:西南大学, 2010.Tang Y. Research on soil moisture sensor based on high frequency electric field[D]. Chongqing:Southwest University, 2010.
[29]	梁兰英.紫外分光光度法测定土壤中的硝态氮[J]. 甘肃环境研究与监测, 2001,2(2):80-81.Liang L Y. Determination of nitrate nitrogen in soil by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry[J]. Environmental Research and Monitoring in Gansu Province, 2001,2(2):80-81.
[30]	王静静.影响土壤中可溶性总氮、铵态氮和硝态氮测定条件的研究[D]. 呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学, 2015.Wang J J. Study on the determination conditions of total soluble nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in soil[D]. Hohhot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2015.
[31]	Burt C, Connor K O, Ruth T. Fertigation, Irrigation Training and Research Center[M]. California Polytechnic State University, 1998.
[32]	Li H R, Hao W P, Mei X R,et al. Effect of different irrigation and fertilization measures on N2O emission and yield in summer maize winter wheat field[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018,14(1):103-112.
[33]	Gao X P. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer rate on nitrous oxide emission from irrigated potato on a clay loam soil in Manitoba, Canada[J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 2013,93(1):1-11.
[34]	Mooney H A, Matson P A. Exchange of trace gases between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere[J]. Science, 1987,238(4829):926-932.
[35]	Liu C Y, Wang K, Meng S X, et al. Effects of irrigation, fertilization and crop straw management on nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions from a wheat-maize rotation field in northern China[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2011,140(1/2):226-233.
[36]	Khalil M A. Emissions of trace gases from Chinese rice field and biogas generation:CH4, CO, CO2, chlorocarbons and hydrocarbons. Chemosphere, 1990,20(1/2):207-226.
[37]	郝庆菊,王跃思,宋长春,等.垦殖对沼泽湿地CH4和N2O排放的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2007,27(8):3417-3426.Hao Q J, Wang Y S, Song C C, et al. Effects of marsh reclamation on methane and nitrous oxide emissions[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2007,27(8):3417-3426.
[38]	黄树辉,蒋文伟,吕军,等.氮肥和磷肥对稻田N2O排放的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2005,7(5):30-33.Huang S H, Jiang W W, Lu J, et al. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on N2O emission from paddy fields[J]. China Environmental Science, 2005,7(5):30-33.
[39]	孙会峰,周胜,付子轼,等.高温少雨对不同品种水稻CH4和N2O排放量及产量的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,36(12):3540-3547.Sun H F, Zhou S, Fu Z S, et al. Effects of high temperature and low rainfall on CH4and N2O emissions and yield of different rice varieties[J]. Chinese Environmental Science, 2016,36(12):3540-3547.
[40]	谢立勇,叶丹丹,郭李萍,等.不同施肥方式对东北黑土农田土壤温室气体排放的影响[C]//中国气象学会, 2012:388-396.Xie L Y, Ye D D, Guo L P, et al. Effects of different fertilization methods on greenhouse gas emissions from black soil farmland in Northeast China[C]//China Meteorological Society, 2012:388-396.
[41]	Ding H, Wang Y S. Nitrogen denitrification losses and N2O emissions from different crop systems in black soil region of Northeast China[J]. Journal of Agronomy Environment Science, 2004,23(2):323-326.
[42]	张光亚,陈美慈,闵航.设施栽培土壤N2O释放及硝化、反硝化细菌数量的研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2002,8(2):239-243.Zhang G Y, Chen M C, Min H. Study on N2O release and the number of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria in protected cultivation soil[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2002,8(2):239-243.
[43]	Bateman E J. Contributions of nitrification and denitrification to N2O emissions from soils at different water-filled pore space[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2005,41(6):379-388.
[44]	Davidson E A, Keller M, Erickson H E, et al. Testing a conceptual model of soil emissions of nitrous and nitric oxides[J]. Bioscience, 2000,50(2):667-680.
[45]	Zhang Z X, Hua L, Yin X, et al. Influence of urban waste compost and compound fertilizer on emission of nitrous oxide from agricultural soils[J]. Journal of Agronomy Environment Science, 2006,25(5):1371-1374.
[46]	姜珊珊,庞炳坤,张敬沙,等.减氮及不同肥料配施对稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(5):1741-1750.Jiang S S, Pang B K, Zhang J S, et al. Effects of nitrogen reduction and combined application of different fertilizers on CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy fields[J]. Chinese Environmental Science, 2017, 37(5):1741-1750.
[47]	Bergstrom L, Johansson R. Leaching of nitrate from monolith lysimeters of different types of agricultural soils[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 1991,20(6):801-807.
[48]	Moreno F, Fernande J E. Water balance and nitrate leaching in an irrigated maize crop in SW Spain[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 1996,32(1):71-83.
[49]	王百群,戴鸣钧.土壤不同形态氮素在剖面中移动特征的模拟研究[J]. 水土保持研究, 2000,6(4):117-122.Wang B Q, Dai M J. Simulation study on movement characteristics of different forms of nitrogen in soil profile[J]. Research on Soil and Water Conservation, 2000,6(4):117-122.
[50]	孙震.不同施氮水平和灌溉方式对稻田氮素渗漏淋溶和N2O排放的影响[D]. 南京:南京农业大学, 2014.Sun Z. Effects of different nitrogen application levels and irrigation methods on nitrogen leaching and N2O emission from rice fields[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University, 2014.
[51]	Yu G F, Wu H T, Wei Y S, et al. Study on nitrogen migration in purple soil and nitrogen uptake by rice[J]. Plant Nutrition, 1999,5(4):316-320.
[52]	Heumann, S, Fier, A. Minimizing nitrate leaching while maintaining crop yields:insights by simulating net N mineralization[J]. Nutrition Cycling. Agroecosystem, 2013,95(1):395-408.
[53]	Liu J, Bi X, Ma M, et al. Precipitation and irrigation dominate soil water leaching in cropland in Northern China[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2019,21(1):165-171.