城市红树林生态系统健康评价与管理对策——以粤港澳大湾区为例

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Abstract To clarify the ecosystem health status of urban mangroves in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), an indicator system for ecosystem health assessment of urban mangroves was developed based on PSR (Press-State-Response) model and analytic hierarchy process in this study. The indicator system was conducted on four typical urban mangroves in GBA: Mai Po in Hong Kong, Futian in Shenzhen, Nansha in Guangzhou, and Qi’ao island in Zhuhai. The health problems were identified and management strategies were put forward. The results showed that: The ecosystem health index (EHI) of mangroves were Qi’ao island (3.05, health)>Mai Po (3.03, health)>Nansha (2.54, sub-health)>Futian (2.13, sub-health). As for the press indicators, the natural pressure sources for mangroves in Mai Po and Futian were pests harm and biological invasion, while the artificial pressure came from the increasing population, the rapidly developed economy, and municipal wastewater discharge. In addition, the mangroves in Futian were suffering from the discharge of industrial waste. In terms of the state indicators, four urban mangroves were all suffering from seawater eutrophication. Organic and heavy metals seriously polluted the mangroves in Nansha and Qi'ao Island. The biodiversity of mangrove plants (except for Nansha) and macrobenthos was low, but birds' biodiversity was relatively high. For the response indicators, the mangroves in Futian and Nansha hold low ecological service functions due to their small areas, and the management level of mangroves in Nansha was insufficient. The leading health problems of urban mangroves in GBA include two aspects: firstly, common issues, including pests harm and biological invasion caused by ecological imbalance, environmental pollution caused by external pollution, decrease in biodiversity caused by habitat destruction. Secondly, personality issues, including the differences in the characteristics and management levels of mangroves. Considering the health problems mentioned above, suggestions are proposed: effectively monitor and promote ecological restoration based on natural laws to alleviate ecological imbalance, take source control as the foundation and improve environmental quality as a whole, focus on the protection of biodiversity and improve the stability of mangrove ecosystem, in accordance with local conditions and give full play to the economic, social and ecological benefits of urban mangrove.

Key words： Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area urban mangrove ecosystem health assessment health problem management strategies

Received: 30 September 2021

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X171

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	ZHANG Yue-qi
	ZHANG Zhi
	JIANG Bi-qian
	SHEN Xiao-xue
	LI Rui-li

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ZHANG Yue-qi,ZHANG Zhi,JIANG Bi-qian等. Ecosystem health assessment and management strategies of urban mangrove:A case study of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(5): 2352-2369.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2022/V42/I5/2352

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