强还原与生物炭对土壤酶活性和温室气体排放的影响

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摘要本研究设置未修复对照（CK）、土壤强还原处理（RSD）、生物炭修复（BC）以及RSD与生物炭联合修复（RSD+BC），采用培养实验对比研究不同修复处理对设施蔬菜地土壤酶活性和温室气体（CO₂和N₂O）排放的影响.结果表明：相比CK，RSD和RSD+BC处理显著提高了β-葡萄糖苷酶（βG）、纤维二糖水解酶（CBH）、过氧化物酶（PEO）、β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）和酸性磷酸酶（AP）的活性以及酶C：P与酶N：P值（P<0.05），而BC处理对上述5种胞外酶活性的影响并不显著.同CK相比，RSD、BC和RSD+BC处理的CO₂排放量分别提高了10.6、1.1和12.2倍；RSD处理的N₂O排放量亦显著增加，但BC和RSD+BC处理的则显著降低（P<0.05）.与RSD相比，RSD+BC处理的N₂O排放量和综合温室效应（GWP）显著减少了86.9%和37.8%.结构方程模型分析表明：βG与土壤可溶性有机碳（DOC）对CO₂累积排放量具有直接正效应，且βG与CBH通过影响DOC含量间接影响CO₂排放；NO₃^--N和NH₄⁺-N对N₂O累积排放量具有直接显著负效应.综合考虑土壤酶活性和温室气体减排，RSD+BC联合修复效果更佳.

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	吉春阳
	何云华
	孙小飞
	马亚培
	马红亮
	高人
	尹云锋

关键词 ：强还原处理, 生物炭, 生态酶化学计量, 温室气体, 结构方程模型

Abstract：In this study, four treatments, i.e., soil without any amendment as control (CK), soil amended with 2% (w/w) rice straw (RSD), soil amended with 2% (w/w) biochar (BC), and soil amended with 2% (w/w) rice straw and 2% (w/w) biochar (RSD+BC), were performed to compare their influences on soil enzyme activities and greenhouse gas emissions. The results showed that the activities of β-glucosidase (βG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), peroxidase (PEO), β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), acid phosphatase (AP), and the values of enzyme C:P and N:P were significantly increased in RSD and RSD+BC treatments compared with CK (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference on enzyme activities in BC treatment. Soil CO₂ emissions in RSD, BC, and RSD+BC treatments were increased by 10.6, 1.1, and 12.2times, respectively. Soil N₂O emission in RSD treatment was also significantly increased, but significantly decreased in BC and RSD+BC treatments (P<0.05). Compared with RSD treatment, RSD+BC treatment notably decreased N₂O emission and global warm potential (GWP) by 86.9% and 37.8%. Structural equation model analysis also indicated that βG and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) had a direct positive effect on soil CO₂ emission, and βG and CBH indirectly influenced CO₂ emission by affecting the DOC content. Moreover, soil NO₃^--N and NH₄⁺-N had a direct negative effect on N₂O emission. In summary, RSD+BC treatment was better in enhanced soil enzyme activities and decreased greenhouse gas emissions.

Key words： reductive soil disinfestation biochar soil eco-enzymatic stoichiometric ratio greenhouse gas structural equation model

收稿日期: 2020-07-07

PACS:

X53

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（31470628，31770659）；福建省公益类项目（2020R1002005）

通讯作者: 尹云锋,教授,yunfengyin@163.com E-mail: yunfengyin@163.com

作者简介: 吉春阳(1994-),男,山东临沂人,福建师范大学硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤生态与环境.

引用本文:

吉春阳, 何云华, 孙小飞, 马亚培, 马红亮, 高人, 尹云锋. 强还原与生物炭对土壤酶活性和温室气体排放的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(2): 974-982. JI Chun-yang, HE Yun-hua, SUN Xiao-fei, MA Ya-pei, MA Hong-liang, GAO Ren, YIN Yun-feng. Effects of reductive soil disinfestation and biochar on soil enzyme activities and greenhouse gas emissions. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(2): 974-982.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I2/974

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