2008~2017年中国地级市化肥施用碳足迹的时空演变格局

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摘要本研究收集整理近10年来我国地市年鉴化肥施用数据，基于生命周期分析思想定量研究我国2008~2017年地市尺度的化肥施用碳足迹时空演变特征.结果表明：2008~2017年，我国化肥施用碳足迹以2013年为节点呈现"先增大后减少"的单峰变化，2015年我国氮、磷和钾肥施用总碳足迹负荷为1.97t CO₂eq/hm²，较发达国家平均水平高出50%以上；在化肥生产和施用的全生命周期阶段，生产和运输过程的温室气体排放占比较高（60%以上）；氮肥的施用贡献了约91%的总化肥施用碳足迹；超过3/4的地市化肥施用碳足迹负荷过高，主要位于我国三大粮食主产区（华北平原，东北平原和长江中下游平原）；2013年以后仍有33个地市的化肥施用碳足迹依然保持增长，这些地区主要位于新疆，云南和黑龙江等地.本研究揭示了近10年我国化肥施用碳足迹的变化过程，可为我国绿色农业发展和温室气体相关政策制定提供一定参考依据.

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	田沛佩
	卢宏玮
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	夏军

关键词 ：化肥施用量, 碳足迹, 时空演变, 农业, 温室气体

Abstract：The carbon footprint (CF) of fertilizer application on the scale of prefecture-level regions in China were estimated, based on life cycle assessment (LCA) and agricultural statistical data, and the magnitude, components and spatial-temporal patterns of CF associated with fertilizer application were discussed. Results indicated that the CF showed a single peak in 2013 during 2008~2017, i.e., increase first and then decrease. The farm CF (FCF) was 1.97t CO₂eq/hm² in 2015, more than 50% of the level in developed countries. The use of nitrogen fertilizer contributed about 91% of the total CF, reflecting its key role for GHG emission control and mitigation. All regions with high CF and FCF were located in three major grain production areas in China, i.e., North China, Northeast China, and the Yangtze Plains. Improving their production efficiencies as well as developing intensified agriculture can contribute to GHG emission control. Areas with growing CF after 2013 were mainly located in Xinjiang, Yunnan, and Heilongjiang Provinces. Outputs of this study are expected to better understand the agricultural CF of China and subsequently assist in policy making related to GHG emission control.

Key words： fertilizer carbon footprint spatial-temporal pattern agriculture GHG

收稿日期: 2020-07-06

PACS:

X24

基金资助:国家重点研发计划（2019YFC0507800）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（41890824）

通讯作者: 卢宏玮,研究员,luhw@igsnrr.ac.cn E-mail: luhw@igsnrr.ac.cn

作者简介: 田沛佩(1994-),男,湖北松滋人,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所博士研究生,主要从事环境足迹研究.发表论文10余篇.

引用本文:

田沛佩, 卢宏玮, 李丹, 殷闯, 夏军. 2008~2017年中国地级市化肥施用碳足迹的时空演变格局[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(2): 967-973. TIAN Pei-pei, LU Hong-wei, LI Dan, YIN Chuang, XIA Jun. Spatial-temporal patterns of carbon footprint of fertilizer application in China during 2008 to 2017. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(2): 967-973.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I2/967

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