磺胺嘧啶对鱼菜共生系统氮元素转化的影响

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摘要本文研究了典型抗生素磺胺嘧啶对实验室规模鲤鱼-小白菜共生系统生产性能和氮元素转化的影响.结果表明，磺胺嘧啶使系统鲤鱼体重增量提高17%，但小白菜生产性能大幅下降，使得系统氮素利用率由43.66%降至21.20%，N₂O转化率由1.02%上升至1.98%.磺胺嘧啶在投加初期对系统的硝化过程表现出短期抑制效应，经过32d的适应期后，实验组氨氮浓度下降至和对照组相近水平，系统运行后期实验组氨氧化细菌丰度相较对照组提高51.43%.鱼体内残余的磺胺嘧啶为35.23μg/kg，符合国家标准，但水体中磺胺类药物抗性基因sul1、sul2及intI1的拷贝数分别提升至7.23倍、2.74倍和4.12倍.从生产性能及环境友好性考虑，鱼菜共生系统在设计及运行中应减少或避免抗生素的使用，并采取合理的替代措施规避其风险.

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	胡浩东
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关键词 ：鱼菜共生, 磺胺嘧啶, 氮, 氨氧化细菌, 抗性基因

Abstract：In this study, impact of sulfadiazine, one of the typical antibiotics, on the performance and nitrogen transformation of lab scale aquaponic systems were reported. Results showed that sulfadiazine increased the growth of carps (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus) by 17%, but had significant adverse effects on the growth of pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.), which reduced the nitrogen utilization rate of the system from 43.66% to 21.20%, and increased its N₂O conversion rate from 1.02% to 1.98%. Sulfadiazine was observed to have short-term inhibitory effects on the nitrification process of the system, however, the ammonia concentration of experimental group was decreased to the similar level as that in the control group after 32 days of adaptation. Furthermore, the abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the experimental group increased by 51.43% compared with the control group. The residual sulfadiazine in the fish was 35.23μg/kg, which was below the requirement of national standard, but the copies of sulfadiazine resistance genes sul1, sul2 and intI1 in the water increased by 7.23, 2.74 and 4.12 times. Taking the production performance and environmental friendliness into consideration, the use of antibiotics should be reduced or avoided during the design and operation of aquaponic systems and reasonable alternative measures need to be used to avoid antibiotics induced risks.

Key words： aquaponic sulfadiazine nitrogen ammonia oxidizing bacteria resistance genes

收稿日期: 2020-09-08

PACS:

X703

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51878388）；山东省重大科技创新工程（2019JZZY010411）；山东省优秀青年基金项目（ZR2020YQ42）

通讯作者: 胡振,教授,huzhen885@sdu.edu.cn E-mail: huzhen885@sdu.edu.cn

作者简介: 胡浩东(1997-),男,山东泰安人,山东大学硕士研究生,主要从事废水处理及其资源化利用.

引用本文:

胡浩东, 高航, 胡振. 磺胺嘧啶对鱼菜共生系统氮元素转化的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(4): 1697-1703. HU Hao-dong, GAO Hang, HU Zhen. Effect of sulfadiazine on the nitrogen transformation of aquaponic systems. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(4): 1697-1703.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I4/1697

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