巢湖沉积物磷铁硫形态记录及其环境变化指示

陈茜; 宁成武; 汪杰; 黄涛; 孙庆业

PDF(590 KB)

中国环境科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6) : 2853-2861.

环境生态

巢湖沉积物磷铁硫形态记录及其环境变化指示

陈茜, 宁成武, 汪杰, 黄涛, 孙庆业

作者信息 +

Fractions of phosphorus, iron and sulfur in lake sediments of Chaohu and its implication for environmental changes

CHEN Xi, NING Cheng-wu, WANG Jie, HUANG Tao, SUN Qing-ye

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

分析了巢湖表层和柱状沉积物中磷（P）、铁（Fe）和硫（S）元素的形态组成、分布、相互关系及其指示的湖泊环境变化.西半湖S3采样点位柱状沉积物总磷（TP）记录表明，巢湖西半湖区自20世纪60年代开始受人类活动影响逐步明显，其中钙磷（Ca-P）指示的流域径流输入增加早于铁铝磷（Fe/Al-P）指示的居民生活污水输入；西半湖区沉积物15~0cm有机质埋藏持续增加伴随着pH值的逐步升高，指示了水体富营养化导致藻类生产力（光合作用）提高并显著影响pH值；而东半湖S7采样点位柱状沉积物磷形态则记录了东半湖区不同的环境变化特征.巢湖沉积物活性铁组分以Fe （Ⅱ）为主，S3和S7沉积剖面Fe （Ⅲ）/Fe （Ⅱ）值整体均呈上升趋势且与Fe （Ⅲ）同步变化，表明其比值由Fe （Ⅲ）变化驱动；Fe （Ⅲ）/Fe （Ⅱ）指示沉积物上层为弱氧化性，其余层位为还原性环境.沉积物还原性无机硫（RIS）以酸可挥发性硫（AVS）为主，沉积物高有机质含量、低元素硫和还原条件降低了AVS向黄铁矿硫（CRS）的转化.巢湖沉积物中与P，S结合的Fe占比很小，高Fe/P和Fe/S比值会抑制沉积物磷的释放，导致柱状剖面P，Fe和S之间的相互作用关系整体上并不显著.

Abstract

Fractions of phosphorus, iron and sulfur in the surface sediments and two sediment profiles from Chaohu lake were analyzed to study their implication for the spatio-temporal environmental changes. Sedimentary records of total phosphorus (TP) in S3 sediment profile indicated an increasing pollution inputs from anthropogenic activities in the western lake since 1960s. The increase of watershed terrestrial runoff inputs indicated by calcium-bound phosphorus (Ca-P) was earlier than the domestic sewage inputs indicated by iron/aluminum-bound phosphorus (Fe/Al-P) in sediments. The synchronous increasing of organic matter and pH in the layer of 15~0cm in S3 sediment indicated an increasing lake primary productivity as well as the intensity of photosynthesis. Fractions of phosphorus in S7 profile, however, indicated different environmental changes in eastern lake. Fe(II) was the main fraction of total active iron in Chaohu lake sediments; the ratios of Fe(III)/Fe(II) in S3 and S7 profiles show an synchronous trend with Fe(III), indicating that the change of Fe(III)/Fe(II) was driven by Fe(III). Ratios of Fe(III)/Fe(II) indicated a weak oxidation condition for the upper sediment layer and reduction for the down layer in both of the S3 and S7 profiles. Acid volatile sulfur (AVS) was the main form of the reduced inorganic sulfur (RIS) in Chaohu lake sediments. High organic matter, low elemental sulfur and strong reducing condition in Chaohu lake sediments restricted the transformations of AVS to pyrite sulfur (CRS). The P- and S-bound iron proportioned only a very small part for the total iron in the sediments of Chaohu lake. The high ratios of Fe/P and Fe/S in the sediments of Chaohu lake weakened the release of internal phosphorus, and thus the correlation of P, Fe and S was insignificant on the whole.

导出引用

陈茜, 宁成武, 汪杰, 黄涛, 孙庆业. 巢湖沉积物磷铁硫形态记录及其环境变化指示[J]. 中国环境科学. 2021, 41(6): 2853-2861

CHEN Xi, NING Cheng-wu, WANG Jie, HUANG Tao, SUN Qing-ye. Fractions of phosphorus, iron and sulfur in lake sediments of Chaohu and its implication for environmental changes[J]. China Environmental Science. 2021, 41(6): 2853-2861

中图分类号： X524

参考文献

[1] Zan F Y, Huo S L, Xi B D, et al. A 100-year sedimentary record of natural and anthropogenic impacts on a shallow eutrophic lake, Lake Chaohu, China[J]. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2012,14(3):804-816.
[2] Shang G P, Shang J C. Causes and control countermeasures of eutrophication in Chaohu Lake, China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2005,15(4):348-354.
[3] Xu D, Chen Y F, Ding S M, et al. Diffusive gradients in thin films technique equipped with a mixed binding gel for simultaneous measurements of dissolved reactive phosphorus and dissolved iron[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013,47(18):10477-10484.
[4] 刘勇,朱元荣,弓晓峰,等.滇池近代富营养化加剧过程的沉积记录[J]. 环境科学研究, 2012,25(11):1236-1242. Liu Y, Zhu Y R, Gong X F, et al. Sedimentary records of accelerated eutrophication in Dianchi Lake over the recent decades[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2012,25(11):1236-1242.
[5] Baken S, Verbeeck M, Verheyen D, et al. Phosphorus losses from agricultural land to natural waters are reduced by immobilization in iron-rich sediments of drainage ditches[J]. Water Research, 2015, 71(15):160-170.
[6] Ding L J, An X L, Li S, et al. Nitrogen loss through anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to iron reduction from paddy soils in a chronosequence[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2014, 48(18):10641-10647.
[7] Di Toro D M, Mahony J D, Hansen D J, et al. Acid volatile sulfide predicts the acute toxicity of cadmium and nickel in sediments[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 1992,26(1):96-101.
[8] Rozan T F, Taillefert M, Trouwborst R E, et al. Iron-sulfur-phosphorus cycling in the sediments of a shallow coastal bay:implications for sediment nutrient release and benthic macroalgal blooms[J]. Limnology and Oceanography, 2002,47(5):1346-1354.
[9] 陈可可.非稳态条件下东海内陆架泥质沉积物中硫和铁的早期成岩作用[D]. 青岛:中国海洋大学, 2015. Chen K K. Unsteady diagenesis of sulfur and iron in the East China Sea inner shelf muds[D]. Qingdao:Ocean University of China, 2015.
[10] 王艳平,关庆伟,李超,等.巢湖沉积物有效态磷与硫的DGT原位同步分析研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2015,35(8):2512-2518. Wang Y P, Guan Q W, Li C, et al. A study of in situ synchronous measurement of available phosphorus and sulfur in the sediments of lake Chaohu by diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT)[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2015,35(8):2512-2518.
[11] Sun Q Y, Sheng Y Q, Yang J, et al. Dynamic characteristics of sulfur, iron and phosphorus in coastal polluted sediments, north China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016,219:588-595.
[12] Han C, Ding S M, Yao L, et al. Dynamics of phosphorus-iron-sulfur at the sediment-water interface influenced by algae blooms decomposition[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2015,300:329-337.
[13] 龚梦丹,金增锋,王燕,等.长江中下游典型浅水湖泊沉积物-水界面磷与铁的耦合关系[J]. 湖泊科学, 2017,29(5):1103-1111. Gong M D, Jin Z F, Wang Y, et al. Coupling between iron and phosphorus in sediments of shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River using diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT)[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2017,29(5):1103-1111.
[14] 汤宝靖,陈雷,姜霞,等.巢湖沉积物磷的形态及其与间隙水磷的关系[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2009,28(9):1867-1873. Tang B J, Chen L, Jiang X, et al. Phosphorus speciations in sediments and their relationships with soluble phosphorus concentrations in pore water in Lake Chaohu[J]. Journal of Agro-environment Science, 2009, 28(9):1867-1873.
[15] 温胜芳,单保庆,张洪.巢湖表层沉积物磷的空间分布差异性研究[J]. 环境科学, 2012,33(7):2322-2329. Wen S F, Shan B Q, Zhang H. Spatial distribution character of phosphorus fractions in surface sediment from Chaohu Lake[J]. Environmental Science, 2012,33(7):2322-2329.
[16] Xu F L. Exergy and structural exergy as ecological indicators for the development state of the Lake Chaohu ecosystem[J]. Ecological Modelling, 1997,99(1):41-49.
[17] 屠清瑛,顾丁锡,徐卓然,等.巢湖-富营养化研究[M]. 合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社, 1990:10-20. Tu Q Y, Gu D X, Xu Z R, et al. The Chao Lake-Study on eutrophication[M]. Hefei:Press of University of Science and Technology of China, 1990:10-20.
[18] Chen X, Yang X, Dong X, et al. Nutrient dynamics linked to hydrological condition and anthropogenic nutrient loading in Chaohu Lake (southeast China)[J]. Hydrobiologia, 2011,661(1):223-234.
[19] Ruban V, López-Sánchez, Pardo P, et al. Harmonized protocol and certified reference material for the determination of extractable contents of phosphorus in freshwater sediments-A synthesis of recent works[J]. Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2001,370(2/3):224-228.
[20] 张炜华.高频红外吸收光谱法测定铝土矿赤泥中总碳和总硫含量[J]. 中国无机分析化学, 2013,3(z1):12-16. Zhang W H. Determination of total carbon and sulfur in red mud of bauxite by high frequency infrared absorption spectrometry[J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry, 2013,3(z1):12-16.
[21] 王小芳,李方晓,黄涛,等.安徽铜陵铜尾矿硫形态及硫同位素分布特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,39(4):1664-1671. Wang X F, Li F X, Huang T, et al. Distribution characteristics of sulfur species and isotopes in a copper tailing at Tongling, Anhui Province[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(4):1664-1671.
[22] Chen Y Q, Shen L L, Huang T, et al. Transformation of sulfur species in lake sediments at Ardley Island and Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 703:135591.
[23] 孙启耀.河口沉积物硫的地球化学特征及其与铁和磷的耦合机制初步研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学, 2016. Sun Q Y. Geochemical characteristics of sulfur and its coupling mechanism with iron and phosphorus in estuary sediments[D]. Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2016
[24] 徐康,刘付程,安宗胜,等.巢湖表层沉积物中磷赋存形态的时空变化[J]. 环境科学, 2011,32(11):3255-3263. Xu K, Liu F C, An Z S, et al. Spatial and temporal variations of phosphorus forms in surface sediments of Chaohu Lake[J]. Environmental Science, 2011,32(11):3255-3263.
[25] 龚莹,王宁,李玉成,等.巢湖水体-沉积物磷形态与有效性[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2015,31(3):359-365. Gong Y, Wang N, Li Y C, et al. Forms and bioavailability of phosphorus in water and sediments of Lake Chaohu[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2015,31(3):359-365.
[26] 王艳平,徐伟伟,韩超,等.巢湖沉积物氮磷分布及污染评价[J]. 环境科学, 2021,42(2):699-711. Wang Y P, Xu W W, Han C, et al. Distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus in Lake Chaohu sediments and pollution evaluation[J]. Environmental Science, 2021,42(2):699-711.
[27] 卢艳敏,张靖天,张新波,等.巢湖沉积物中有机磷的生物可利用性研究[J]. 环境工程技术学报, 2020,10(2):197-204. Lu Y M, Zhang J T, Zhang X B, et al. Bioavailability of organic phosphorus in Lake Chaohu sediments[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2020,10(2):197-204.
[28] 昝逢宇,霍守亮,席北斗,等.巢湖近代沉积物及其间隙水中营养物的分布特征[J]. 环境科学学报, 2010,30(10):2088-2096. Zan F Y, Huo S L, Xi B D, et al. Characteristics of nutrient profiles in sediments and pore water of Lake Chaohu[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2010,30(10):2088-2096.
[29] 李国莲,谢发之,张瑾,等.巢湖水及沉积物中总磷的分布变化特征[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016,25(5):830-836. Li G L, Xie F Z, Zhang J, et al. Spatial and temporal variation of phosphorus in water and sediment from Chaohu Lake[J]. Resources and Environmental in the Yangtze Basin, 2016,25(5):830-836.
[30] 肖丽,王迪,马伟伟,等.长江河口及邻近海域表层沉积物中铁溶解和磷释放活性的动力学表征[J]. 海洋学报, 2019,41(12):1-13. Xiao L, Wang D, Ma W W, et al. Kinetic characterization of reactivity of iron dissolution and phosphorus release in surface sediments of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary and the adjacent East China Sea[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2019,41(12):1-13.
[31] Rickard D, Morse J W. Acid volatile sulfide (AVS)[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2005,97(3):141-197.
[32] 郭敏.近现代人类活动在巢湖沉积柱中的记录[D]. 合肥:合肥工业大学, 2017. Guo M. The records of modern human activity in CHX sedimentary column Lake Chaohu[D]. Hefei:Hefei University of Technology, 2017.
[33] Hao J C, Lian B, Liu H F, et al. The release of phosphorus from sediment to lake water induced by cyanobacterial blooms and phosphorus removal by cell harvesting[J]. Geomicrobiology Journal, 2016,33(3/4):347-353.
[34] 陈洁,许海,詹旭,等.湖泊沉积物-水界面磷的迁移转化机制与定量研究方法[J]. 湖泊科学, 2019,31(4):907-918. Chen J, Xu H, Zhan X, et al. Mechanisms and research methods of phosphorus migration and transformation across sediment-water interface[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2019,31(4):907-918.
[35] 朱瑾灿,吴雨琛,尹洪斌.太湖蓝藻聚集区沉积物硫形态的时空变异特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(12):4690-4700. Zhu J C, Wu Y C, Yin H B. Temporal and spatial variations of sulfur speciations in the sediments of algae accumulation area in Lake Taihu[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017,37(12):4690-4700.
[36] 郑培儒,李春华,叶春,等.镜泊湖沉积物各形态磷分布特征及释放贡献[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021,41(2):883-890. Zheng P R, Li C H, Ye C, et al. Distribution characteristics and release contribution of different phosphorus forms in sediments of Jingpo Lake[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,41(2):883-890.
[37] 张民,史小丽,阳振,等.2012~2018年巢湖水质变化趋势分析和蓝藻防控建议[J]. 湖泊科学, 2020,32(1):11-20. Zhang M, Shi X L, Yang Z, et al. The variation of water quality from 2012 to 2018 in Lake Chaohu and the mitigating strategy on cyanobacterial blooms[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2020,32(1):11-20.
[38] 万杰,袁旭音,叶宏萌,等.洪泽湖不同入湖河流沉积物磷形态特征及生物有效性[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(10):4568-4579. Wan J, Yuan X Y, Ye H M, et al. Characteristics and bioavailability of different forms of phosphorus in sediments of rivers flowing into Hongze Lake[J].China Environmental Science, 2020,40(10):4568-4579.
[39] 刘凯,倪兆奎,王圣瑞,等.鄱阳湖不同高程沉积物中磷形态特征研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2015,35(3):856-861. Liu K, Ni Z K, Wang S R, et al. Distribution characteristics of phosphorus in sediments at different altitudes of Poyang Lake[J]. China Environmental Science, 2015,35(3):856-861.
[40] 刘国锋,钟继承,何俊,等.太湖竺山湾藻华黑水团区沉积物中Fe、S、P的含量及其形态变化[J]. 环境科学, 2009,30(9):2520-2526. Liu G F, Zhong J C, He J, et al. Effects of black spots of dead-cyanobacterial mats on Fe-S-P cycling in sediments of Zhushan Bay, Lake Taihu[J]. Environmental Science, 2009,30(9):2520-2526.
[41] Mortimer R, Davey J T, Krom M D, et al. The effect of macrofauna on pore water profiles and nutrient fluxes in the intertidal zone of the Humber Estuary[J]. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 1999,48(6):683-699.
[42] 王立群,戴雪荣,刘清玉,等.长江口崇明东滩地貌发育过程中的活性铁变化及环境意义[J]. 海洋通报, 2006,25(3):45-51. Wang L Q, Dai X R, Liu Q Y, et al. Distribution of active iron and its environmental implications in the geomorphic development tidal flat of Chongming Island[J]. Marine Science Bulletin, 2006,25(3):45-51.
[43] Wilkin R T, Barnes H L. Pyrite formation by reactions of iron monosulfides with dissolved inorganic and organic sulfur species[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1996,60(21):4167-4179.
[44] Gagnon C, Mucci A, Pelletier É. Anomalous accumulation of acid-volatile sulphides (AVS) in a coastal marine sediment, Saguenay Fjord, Canada[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1995,59(13):2663-2675.
[45] Canfield D E, Raiswell R, Bottrell S H. The reactivity of sedimentary iron minerals toward sulfide[J]. American Journal of Science, 1992,292(9):659-683.
[46] Luther G W. Pyrite synthesis via polysulfide compounds[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1991,55(10):2839-2849.
[47] Rickard D, Luther G W. Kinetics of pyrite formation by the H₂S oxidation of iron (II) monosulfide in aqueous solutions between 25 and 125℃:The mechanism[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1997,61(1):135-147.
[48] Jensen H S, Andersen F O. Importance of temperature, nitrate, and pH for phosphate release from aerobic sediments of four shallow, eutrophic lakes[J]. Limnology and Oceanography, 1992,37(3):577-589.
[49] 尹洪斌,范成新,李宝,等.太湖北部沉积物中铁硫的地球化学特征研究[J]. 地球化学, 2008,37(6):595-601. Yin H B, Fan C X, Li B, et al. Geochemical characteristics of iron and sulfur in sediments of northern Lake Taihu[J]. Geochimica, 2008, 37(6):595-601.
[50] 孙清清,陈敬安,王敬富,等.阿哈水库沉积物-水界面磷、铁、硫高分辨率空间分布特征[J]. 环境科学, 2017,38(7):2810-2818. Sun Q Q, Chen J A, Wang J F, et al. High-resolution distribution characteristics of phosphorous, iron and sulfur across the sediment-water interface of Aha Reservoir[J]. Environment Science, 2017,38(7):2810-2818.