广西主要海湾表层沉积物营养物和重金属研究——分布特征及风险评估

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摘要为了解广西主要海湾表层沉积物营养物和重金属的空间分布和污染特征,2021年8月在广西珍珠湾、钦州湾和廉州湾采集了25个沉积物样品,分析了表层沉积物的总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、总有机碳(TOC)和8种重金属(As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn)含量.结果表明,表层沉积物中TN、TP和TOC均值分别为776.00,206.33mg/kg和0.41%,变异系数分别为53.35%,64.78%和47.33%.营养盐污染指数和有机污染指数评价表明表层沉积物的TN、TP和有机物均属于轻度污染.表层沉积物As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn均值分别为13.38,0.058,31.83,13.71,0.024,13.18,24.24和1.66mg/kg,且含量均符合国家海洋沉积物质量Ⅰ类标准.地累积指数(I_geo)评价发现3个海湾沉积物As、Cd、Ni属于轻度污染.表层沉积物重金属潜在生态风险指数值(RI)在17.77~133.88之间,均值为56.45,属于轻微潜在生态风险.其中,Cd、As和Hg对RI值的总贡献率达79.37%.广西主要海湾表层沉积物中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn的主要来源为工业源以及矿山开采和水产养殖复合源.

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	苏琼源
	王才广
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	冯逸珊
	韦美亦
	徐浩
	承亚男
	李楠
	胥鹏

关键词 ：表层沉积物, 营养物, 重金属, 风险评价, 广西主要海湾

Abstract：This study was planned with the aim to understand the spatial distribution and pollution characteristics of nutrients and heavy metals in the surface sediments of major bays in Guangxi, for which 25 sediment samples were collected in August 2021 from Zhenzhu Bay, Qinzhou Bay and Lianzhou Bay. The contents of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total organic carbon (TOC) and eight heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the surface sediments were analyzed. The results showed that the variation coefficient of mean contents of TN, TP and TOC was 776.00, 206.33mg/kg and 0.41% in the surface sediments of Guangxi coastal area comprising of 53.35%, 64.78% and 47.33% variation respectively. The evaluation results of the nutrient pollution index and the organic pollution index for TN, TP and TOC in the surface sediments showed slight contamination. The average content of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn in the surface sediment were 13.38, 0.058, 31.83, 13.71, 0.024, 13.18, 24.24, and 31.66mg/kg, respectively. The contents of 8heavy metals reached China’s national first-class benchmark of marine sediment quality. The result of geoaccumulation index (I_geo) found slight contamination of As, Cd and Ni in the three bays. The potential ecological risk index (RI) for heavy metals in surface sediments ranged from 17.77 to 133.88, with a mean value of 56.45, which portrayed minor potential ecological risk, especially from Cd and As, Hg, contributing 79.37% in the total RI. Our study concludes that the main sources of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn in the surface sediments of major bays from Guangxi were from industries together with mining and aquaculture.

Key words： surface sediments nutrients heavy metals risk assessment major bays in Guangxi

收稿日期: 2023-01-16

PACS:

X55

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(U20A2087);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB22035050);广西北部湾海洋生物多样性养护重点实验室开放课题(2022KA01);广西研究生教育创新计划项目(YCSW2022316)

通讯作者: 黄亮亮,教授,llhuang@glut.edu.cn E-mail: llhuang@glut.edu.cn

作者简介: 苏琼源(1998-),男,广西北海人,桂林理工大学硕士研究生,研究方向为海洋生态学.发表论文6篇.sqyy1109@163.com.

引用本文:

苏琼源, 王才广, 黄亮亮, 冯逸珊, 韦美亦, 徐浩, 承亚男, 李楠, 胥鹏. 广西主要海湾表层沉积物营养物和重金属研究——分布特征及风险评估[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(S1): 221-232. SU Qiong-yuan, WANG Cai-guang, HUANG Liang-liang, FENG Yi-shan, WEI Mei-yi, XU Hao, CHENG Ya-nan, LI Nan, XU Peng. Distribution characteristics and risk assessment of nutrients and heavy metals in surface sediments of major bays in Guangxi. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(S1): 221-232.

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