The influence of storm runoff on water quality of canyon reservoir
HUANG Kang-zhe, XUE Rui-kang, HOU Yi, JI Gang, HUANG Ting-lin, WEN Gang
Shaanxi Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Water Quality in Qinling Mountains, Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
摘要 Sanhekou Reservoir was taken as the representative to conduct field monitoring of multiple storm runoffs in the flood season of 2022. The characteristics of runoff pollution, the law of runoff inflow and its influence on reservoir water quality under different rainfall characteristics were explored, and a high-quality water intake scheme was proposed. The results showed that the total phosphorus and total iron in rainfall runoff were mainly in the granular state, and their concentrations increased significantly with the increase of rainfall intensity, which could be increased to 19 and 37 times of the concentration in the base flow, respectively. The total nitrogen and permanganate index were mainly dissolved, and their concentrations were weakly correlated with rainfall intensity, which could only increase to 2.6 and 2.1 times of the concentration in the base flow, respectively. Runoff entered the reservoir area in the form of isopycnal undercurrent, and the inflow process usually presented thermocline undercurrent, which deteriorated the water quality of the middle and lower layers. Runoff could be effectively predicted by comprehensively considering the antecedent precipitation index and daily rainfall, and runoff was a key indicator to determine whether the main reservoir area was directly affected by storm runoff. The flood peak flow of 2022-10-03 was greater than 1300m3/s, and the subsurface flow directly entered the main reservoir area, which increased the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total iron and permanganate index of the thermocline from 1.224,0.019,0.106,3.790mg/L to 1.511,0.079,0.828,4.320mg/L, respectively. The water quality of the thermocline exceeded the Class III standard of surface water for half a month. In the project, high turbidity and high pollution source water could be avoided by stratified water intake.
Abstract：Sanhekou Reservoir was taken as the representative to conduct field monitoring of multiple storm runoffs in the flood season of 2022. The characteristics of runoff pollution, the law of runoff inflow and its influence on reservoir water quality under different rainfall characteristics were explored, and a high-quality water intake scheme was proposed. The results showed that the total phosphorus and total iron in rainfall runoff were mainly in the granular state, and their concentrations increased significantly with the increase of rainfall intensity, which could be increased to 19 and 37 times of the concentration in the base flow, respectively. The total nitrogen and permanganate index were mainly dissolved, and their concentrations were weakly correlated with rainfall intensity, which could only increase to 2.6 and 2.1 times of the concentration in the base flow, respectively. Runoff entered the reservoir area in the form of isopycnal undercurrent, and the inflow process usually presented thermocline undercurrent, which deteriorated the water quality of the middle and lower layers. Runoff could be effectively predicted by comprehensively considering the antecedent precipitation index and daily rainfall, and runoff was a key indicator to determine whether the main reservoir area was directly affected by storm runoff. The flood peak flow of 2022-10-03 was greater than 1300m3/s, and the subsurface flow directly entered the main reservoir area, which increased the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total iron and permanganate index of the thermocline from 1.224,0.019,0.106,3.790mg/L to 1.511,0.079,0.828,4.320mg/L, respectively. The water quality of the thermocline exceeded the Class III standard of surface water for half a month. In the project, high turbidity and high pollution source water could be avoided by stratified water intake.
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