南苕溪河岸带景观格局对水体氮素浓度的影响

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摘要基于2019~2022年太湖流域上游南苕溪流域的实测数据,分别利用冗余分析(RDA)和非参数变点分析(nCPA)确定流域氮(N)素浓度与不同尺度河岸带景观格局指数的关系和影响水体硝态氮(NO₃^--N)浓度变化的关键景观阈值区间(景观格局指数阈值).结果显示:南苕溪流域总氮(TN)浓度超过地表水Ⅴ类标准,NO₃^--N是主要N污染物赋存形态.湿季水体TN、溶解性总氮(DTN)、NO₃^--N和溶解性有机氮(DON)浓度均显著高于干季,而铵态氮(NH₄⁺-N)浓度则相反;上游河段N素浓度低于下游河段.400和200m河岸带缓冲区内景观格局指数分别对湿季和干季水体N素浓度解释度最高(89.49%和90.97%).在确定降低流域水体NO₃^--N污染风险的关键景观格局指数阈值分析的基础上,建议在400m河岸带缓冲区内调控耕地、建设用地面积占比及香农多样性指数(SDHI)分别低于0.25%、1.75%和0.77;在200m河岸带缓冲区内调控耕地面积占比和边缘密度(ED)分别应低于0.5%和39m/hm²,且林地面积占比应高于91.0%.

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	陈学兵
	王烁
	刘富平
	马小雪
	田琳琳
	陈健
	李彦
	蔡延江

关键词 ：硝态氮(NO₃^--N), 河岸缓冲带, 景观组成, 景观配置, 景观格局指数阈值, 尺度效应

Abstract：Based on field data from 2019 to 2022 in the South Tiaoxi River Watershed in the upper reaches of the Taihu Lake Basin, redundancy analysis (RDA) and non-parametric breakpoint analysis (nCPA) were employed to analyze the relationships between riverine nitrogen (N) concentrations and landscape pattern indices at different buffer scales, and identity the critical landscape threshold ranges affecting the river nitrate (NO₃^--N) concentration. The results showed that the total nitrogen (TN) concentration in the South Tiaoxi River exceeded the Class V surface water quality standard, with NO₃^--N as the predominant N pollutant. During the wet season, the concentrations of TN, dissolved total nitrogen (DTN), NO₃^--N, and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) were significantly higher than those in the dry season, whereas ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) concentrations were lower. N concentrations were lower in the upstream compared to downstream. The landscape pattern indices in the buffer zones of 400m and 200m explained the largest variance in river N concentrations during the wet and dry seasons, respectively (89.49% and 90.97%). Based on the identified key thresholds of landscape pattern indices for significantly reducing the risk of NO₃^--N pollution in the watershed, the following suggestions are provided: the proportion of farmland, construction land, and Shannon diversity index (SDHI) in the buffer zone of 400m should be controlled within 0.25%, 1.75%, and 0.77, respectively; and the proportion of farmland and edge density (ED) in the buffer zone of 200m should be kept within 0.5% and 39m/hm², simultaneously with the proportion of forest area exceeding 91.0%.

Key words： nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^--N) riparian buffer landscape composition landscape configuration threshold of landscape pattern index scaling effect

收稿日期: 2024-09-11

PACS:

X524

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41907268,42406234);浙江省领雁研发攻关计划项目(2022C02019);浙江农林大学校科研发展基金资助项目(2018FR005,2018FR006,2018FR061)

作者简介: 陈学兵(1996-),男,安徽安庆人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为农业面源污染与生态治理.发表论文1篇.XuebingChen@stu.zafu.edu.cn.

引用本文:

陈学兵, 王烁, 刘富平, 马小雪, 田琳琳, 陈健, 李彦, 蔡延江. 南苕溪河岸带景观格局对水体氮素浓度的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2025, 45(4): 1925-1938. CHEN Xue-bing, WANG Shuo, LIU Fu-ping, MA Xiao-xue, TIAN Lin-lin, CHEN Jian, LI Yan, CAI Yan-jiang. Effects of landscape pattern in riparian buffer on water nitrogen concentrations in the South Tiaoxi River. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2025, 45(4): 1925-1938.

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