Remote sensing data, ground monitoring data, meteorological data were used for analyzing effects on the haze pollution from autumn crop residue burning over the Jing-Jin-Ji region during the period from October 12^th to 16^th in 2016. Results indicate that smoke aerosol was found in the atmosphere based on the CALIPSO aerosol subtype products, which means this heavy pollution process was related to the pollutant transmission from the crop residue burning in the surrounding regions. Measurements of AERONET (aerosol robotic network) Beijing site show that aerosol volume size distribution was characterized by bio-modal distribution on October 13^th, and the volume median radii and concentration of fine aerosol mode were 0.33μm and 0.145μm³/μm², respectively. Meanwhile, aerosol volume size distribution was characterized by unimodal distribution on October 14^th, and the volume concentration of fine aerosol mode reached 0.34μm³/μm². According to the ground monitoring data, the concentrations of PM_2.5, CO and SO₂ increased significantly, and the largest values were 339μg/m³, 2mg/m³and 20μg/m³, respectively. Notably, correlation coefficients between the number of crop residue burning spots and CO、PM₁₀、PM_2.5 reached 0.65, 0.79 and 0.68, respectively, which indicates that the crop residue burning impact the air quality significantly. The HYSPLIT (Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model) backward trajectory model was used to simulate the pollutant transport. The backward trajectory results show that the air mass went through crop residue burning area, and then arrived in Jing-Jin-Ji region on 14^th October. The air mass carried large number of polluting gases and particulate matter, and aggravated the haze pollution. In addition, the weak surface wind field with average wind speed of 1m/s, was not conducive to pollutant dispersion and dilution. The high humidity (mean value of 77.8%) led the hygroscopic growth of aerosol in the air. The stability of the atmosphere is adverse to the pollutant diffusion, and prolongs the process of pollution. Therefore, the heavy haze pollution occurred during the period from October 12^th to 16^th in 2016 accounts for the combination of natural and human factors, namely the local pollutant emission and transmission due to crop residue burning, the local vehicle exhaust, the stability of the atmosphere and the abundant water vapor near the surface.