南京市大气细颗粒物二次组分的时空变化特征

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摘要

在南京市六个典型点位，于2014~2015年的四个季节，开展了PM_2.5化学组分的监测.基于513个有效样本资料，分析了包括硫酸根（SO₄^2-）、硝酸根（NO₃^-）、铵根（NH₄⁺）和二次有机物（SOA）的二次组分的时空分布特征.结果表明：南京市PM_2.5以二次组分为主，约占57.7%，其中SO₄^2-、NO₃^-、NH₄⁺和SOA年均浓度分别为11.9，12.5，7.7，8.7μg/m³，所占PM_2.5的比例分别是17.2%、16.9%、10.5%、13.1%，其中98.8%的SO₄^2-为非海盐成分；近年来，[NO₃^-]/[SO₄^2-]快速增加，2015年约达到1.0，表明机动车的贡献日益突出；南京市二次组分季节差异较显著，NO₃^-、NH₄⁺和SOA占比秋冬季节大于春夏季节，SO₄^2-占比春夏季节大于秋冬季节；空间分布上，二次组分的占比在远郊区最高（73.5%），其次是近郊新城区（59.0%），城市中心区和工业区最小（57.3%，57.4%），这反映了不同区域PM_2.5来源的差异；随着污染水平的上升，NO₃^-的占比显著增加，这表明机动车对于重污染过程具有更加重要的影响.研究结果深化了关于南京PM_2.5来源的认识，可以为更有效地控制灰霾污染提供科学依据.

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	卫菲菲
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关键词 ： PM_2.5, 二次气溶胶, 灰霾, 时空分布, 南京

Abstract：

Secondary components are important composition of PM_2.5, mainly including SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, NH₄⁺ and SOA. 513 PM_2.5 samples were collected at six sampling sites in Nanjing during four seasons from October 2014 to August 2015. Based on the chemical compositions, temporal and spatial characteristics of secondary components of PM_2.5 in Nanjing were analyzed. On averagely, the secondary components accounted for about 57.7% of the PM_2.5 mass concentration. Concentrations of SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, NH₄⁺ and SOA were 11.9, 12.5, 7.7 and 8.7μg/m³, with proportions of 17.2%, 16.9%, 10.5% and 13.1%, respectively, and 98.8% of SO₄^2- was non-sea-salt-originated. The value of[NO₃^-]/[SO₄^2-] had been increasing rapidly in recent yearsand reached about 1.0 in 2015, suggesting that vehicle pollution hasbeen aggravated in Nanjing. The contents of NO₃^-, NH₄⁺ and SOA in Nanjing werehigh in autumnand winter, lower in spring and summer, but SO₄^2- shows the opposite trend. Proportion of secondary componentswasthe highest (73.5%) in the outer suburb of the city, followed by suburb regions (59.0%), and lowest in city center and industrial region (57.3%, 57.4%), reflecting different sources in different regions.Proportions of NO₃^- kept steadily increasing with PM_2.5 concentrations rise, suggestingvehicle pollution may play a more important role in heavy haze pollution episodes. This study contributes to deepen understanding of the sources of PM_2.5 in Nanjing, and provides a scientific basis for the haze pollution control.

Key words： PM_2.5 secondary aerosols haze temporal and spatial characteristics Nanjing

收稿日期: 2017-01-23

PACS:

X513

基金资助:

国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0208504）；973计划（2014CB441203）；江苏省科技支撑项目（BE2014602）

通讯作者: 王勤耕,教授,wangqg@nju.edu.cn E-mail: wangqg@nju.edu.cn

作者简介: 卫菲菲(1992-),女,安徽合肥人,南京大学环境学院硕士研究生,主要从事大气颗粒物化学特征及来源解析等研究.

引用本文:

卫菲菲, 刘昊, 陆晓波, 王勤耕, 葛颖, 郝娇. 南京市大气细颗粒物二次组分的时空变化特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(8): 2866-2876. WEI Fei-fei, LIU Hao, LU Xiao-bo, WANG Qin-geng, GE Ying, HAO Jiao. Temporal and spatial characteristics of secondary components of PM_2.5 in Nanjing. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(8): 2866-2876.

链接本文:

http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/ 或 http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/Y2017/V37/I8/2866

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