成都市中心城区大气PM<sub>1</sub>的污染特征及来源解析

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摘要

为了解成都市中心城区大气中PM₁污染特征，分别于2015年各季节典型月对中心城区大气PM₁进行膜样品采集，并分析其中的化学组分.结果表明，2015年中心城区PM₁的年均质量浓度为51.97 μg/m³.水溶性离子总量（TWSI）占总PM₁质量浓度的44.56%，是PM₁的主要成分.NO₃^-/SO₄^2-年均值为0.66（<1），表明中心城区固定源污染大于移动源的污染.PM₁的硫氧化率（SOR）（0.34）远远大于氮氧化率（NOR）（0.07），说明成都市硫的转化比氮的转化要快很多.有机碳（OC）/元素碳（EC）的相关性分析显示夏季相关性最弱（R²=0.66），其他各季相关性较好（R²=0.89），说明夏季OC、EC来源差异较大，其他各季来源相同.源解析结果显示PM₁主要来源有6类：二次硝酸盐、二次硫酸盐、机动车尾气及生物质燃烧源、燃煤尘、扬尘源以及冶金.

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	林瑜
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关键词 ：成都, PM₁, 有机碳和元素碳, 水溶性无机离子, 无机元素, 来源解析

Abstract：

Membrane samples of atmospheric PM₁ were collected and their chemical components were analyzed during typical months of each season in 2015 at Chengdu downtown area, to investigate the pollution characteristic caused by atmospheric PM₁. Results showed that average mass concentration of the atmospheric PM₁ at Chengdu downtown area during 2015 was 51.97μg/m³. Main backbone of the atmospheric PM₁ was appeared as water soluble total ion (TWSI), which accounting for 44.56% of the total atmospheric PM₁. An average NO₃^-/SO₄^2-of 0.66 (<1) indicating a greater contribution of stationary sources in atmospheric PM₁ pollution than that of mobile sources. A much faster conversion of sulfur than nitrogen was proved by the higher SOR of 0.34 (than NOR of 0.07). The weaker correlation of organic carbon (OC)/elemental carbon (EC) in summer (R²=0.66) than other seasons (R²=0.89), indicated that the sources of OC and EC in summer was widely, while in other seasons were fixed. Source analysis results showed that there were six kinds of main source of the atmospheric PM₁ at Chengdu downtown area in 2015, which were secondary nitrates, secondary sulfates, vehicle exhaust and biomass combustion, coal dust, dust source, and metallurgy.

Key words： Chengdu PM₁ elemental carbon and organic carbon water-soluble inorganic ions inorganic elements source apportionment

收稿日期: 2016-12-28

PACS:	X831
	X513

基金资助:

成都信息工程大学（KFKT2015006）

通讯作者: 叶芝祥,教授,yzxiang@cuit.edu.cn E-mail: yzxiang@cuit.edu.cn

作者简介: 林瑜(1989-),女,四川广安人,成都信息工程大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为大气环境监测与评价.发表论文4篇.

引用本文:

林瑜, 叶芝祥, 杨怀金, 张菊, 朱羽蒙. 成都市中心城区大气PM₁的污染特征及来源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(9): 3220-3226. LIN Yu, YE Zhi-xiang, YANG Huai-jin, ZHANG Ju, ZHU Yu-meng. Pollution level and source apportionment of atmospheric particles PM₁ in downtown area of Chengdu. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(9): 3220-3226.

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http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/ 或 http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/Y2017/V37/I9/3220

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