Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
Abstract：Simulated experiment was conducted to evaluate the availability of remediation of NB-contaminated aquifer with the emulsified nanoscale zero-valent iron (EZVI) and characteristics of geochemical indicators variations. The results showed that none NB was detected and high concentration of aniline (AN) produced in the downgradient zone of EZVI injected well after 40days. These suggested EZVI reaction zone could be formed and remove NB efficiently, and NB-contaminant plume was controlled effectively. EZVI injection could result in increase of pH, however, neutralization reaction of hydroxide ion and organic acid generated by emulsified oil hydrolyzing avoid drastic pH change. Strong reducing environment was form indicated by Eh declination, which was favorable for the degradation of NB. Increase of pH and decrease of Eh implied that EZVI could enhance NB-polluted aquifer remediation by a synergistic effect of iron reduction coupled with biotic processes. Generations of nitrite and sulfide indicated that nitrate reduction and sulfate reduction occurred in the reaction zone.
Aysegul L, Mirat D G. The effect of humic acids on nitrobenzene oxidation by ozonation and O3/UV processes[J]. Water Research, 2003,37(8):1879-1889.
[2]
Gu D, Shao N, Zhu Y, et al. Solar-driven thermo-and electrochemical degradation of nitrobenzene in wastewater:Adaptation and adoption of solar STEP concept[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2017,321:703-710.
[3]
Wang J, Lu H, Zhou Y, et al. Enhanced biotransformation of nitrobenzene by the synergies of Shewanella species and mediator-functionalized polyurethane foam[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2017,252-253:227-232.
[4]
Li T, Deng X, Wang J, et al. Biodegradation of nitrobenzene in a lysogeny broth medium by a novel halophilic bacterium Bacillus licheniformis[J]. Marine Pollution Bulltin, 2014,89:384-389.
[5]
Velmurugan M, Karikalan N, Chen S M, et al. Studies on the influence of beta-cyclodextrin on graphene oxide and its synergistic activity to the electrochemical detection of nitrobenzene[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2016,490:365-371.
[6]
Dai Y J, Zhang D F, Zhang K X. Nitrobenzene-adsorption capacity of NaOH-modified spent coffee ground from aqueous solution[J]. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2016,68:32-238.
[7]
Qin Q D, Xu Y. Enhanced nitrobenzene adsorption in aqueous solution by surface silylated MCM-41[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2016,232:143-150.
[8]
Zhang W X. Nanoscale iron particles for environmental remediation:an overview[J]. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2003,5(5):323-332.
[9]
Grieger K D, Fjordboge A, Hartmann N B, et al. Environmental benefits and risks of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) for in situ remediation:risk mitigation or trade-off[J]. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 2010,118(3/4):165-83.
[10]
Ponder S, Darab J. Remediation of Cr(VI) and Pb(Ⅱ) aqueous solutions using supported nanoscale zero-valent iron[J]. Environment Science Technology, 2000,34:2564-2569.
[11]
Sun Y, Li J, Huang T, et al. The influences of iron characteristics, operating conditions and solution chemistry on contaminants removal by zero-valent iron:A review[J]. Water Research, 2016,100:277-95.
[12]
Zhao X, Lv L, Pan B C, et al. Polymer-supported nanocomposites for environmental application:A review[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011,170(2/3):381-394.
Dong J, Wen C Y, Liu D F, et al. Study on degradation of nitrobenzene in groundwater using emulsified nano-zero-valent iron[J]. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2015,17:31.
[15]
Liang S H, Kuo Y C, Chen S H, et al. Development of a slow polycolloid-releasing substrate (SPRS) biobarrier to remediate TCE-contaminated aquifers[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013,254-255:107-115.
[16]
Sheu Y T, Lien P J, Chen K F, et al. Application of NZVIcontained emulsified substrate to bioremediate PCEcontaminated groundwater-A pilot-scale study[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016,304:714-727.
[17]
Dong J, Ding L J, Wen C Y, et al. Effects of geochemical constituents on the zero-valent iron reductive removal of nitrobenzene in groundwater[J]. Water and Environment Journal, 2013,27(1):20-28.
[18]
Mu Y. Reductive degradation of nitrobenzene in aqueous solution by zero-valent iron[J]. Chemosphere, 2004,54(7):789-794.
[19]
Dong J, Ding L J, Chi Z F, et al. Kinetics of nitrobenzene degradation coupled to indigenous microorganism dissimilatory iron reduction stimulated by emulsified vegetable oil[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences (China), 2017,54:206-216.
Liu C C, Tseng D H, Wang C Y. Effects of ferrous ions on the reductive dechlorination of trichloroethylene by zero-valent iron[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2006,136(3):706-713.
[24]
Gu B, Phelps T J, Liang L, et al. Biogeochemical Dynamics in Zero-Valent Iron Columns:Implications for Permeable Reactive Barriers[J]. Environment Science Technology, 1999,33:2170-2177.
[25]
Tang G P, Watson B D, Parker C J, et al. U(VI) Bioreduction with Emulsified Vegetable Oil as the Electron Donor-Microcosm Tests and Model Development[J]. Environment Science Technology, 2013,47(7):3209-3217.
[26]
Lipczynskako C, Milburn R, Sprah G, et al. Degradation of carbon-tetrachloride in the presence of iron and sulfurcontaining-compounds[J]. Chemosphere, 1994,29:1477-1489.
