东海海水和大气中挥发性卤代烃的分布

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摘要运用吹扫-捕集气相色谱法于2016年6月对东海海水和大气中5种短寿命挥发性卤代烃的浓度含量、分布来源特征及海-气通量进行了研究.结果表明，表层海水中CH₃I、CH₂Br₂、CHBrCl₂、CHBr₂Cl和CHBr₃浓度平均值及范围分别为8.93（0.39~23.49） pmol/L、15.02（4.77~32.75） pmol/L、0.97（0.30~2.16） pmol/L、9.35（6.8~18.46） pmol/L和12.24（2.60~50.04） pmol/L.受陆源输入、水团和生物活动释放的影响，表层海水中CH₃I、CH₂Br₂和CHBrCl₂的浓度分布呈现近岸高远海低的趋势，CHBr₂Cl和CHBr₃浓度呈现点状分布.相关性分析发现CHBr₃和Chl-a存在显著相关性，推断浮游植物生物量可能影响CHBr₃的浓度分布.大气中CH₃I、CH₂Br₂、CHBrCl₂、CHBr₂Cl和CHBr₃浓度平均值及范围分别为3.52×10^-12（1.72×10^-12~10.00×10^-12）、3.82×10^-12（0.20×10^-12~34.95×10^-12）、1.40×10^-12（0.46×10^-12~6.18×10^-12）、1.55×10^-12（0.16×10^-12~4.66×10^-12）和6.63×10^-12（2.20×10^-12~11.61×10^-12）.受陆源气团输送、生物生产和气象条件的共同影响，春季大气中5种短寿命挥发性卤代烃浓度分布较为复杂.海-气通量的估算结果表明春季东海是大气中CH₃I、CH₂Br₂、CHBrCl₂、CHBr₂Cl和CHBr₃的源.

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	张颖杰
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关键词 ：挥发性卤代烃, 浓度分布, 大气, 海-气通量, 东海

Abstract：The concentrations, sources and sea-to-air fluxes of five short-lived volatile halocarbons of the East China Sea were studied by Purge and Trap-Chromatography during June 2016. The results showed that the mean (range) concentrations of CH₃I, CH₂Br₂, CHBrCl₂, CHBr₂Cl and CHBr₃ in the surface sea water were 8.93 (0.39~23.49) pmol/L, 15.02 (4.77~32.75) pmol/L, 0.97 (0.30~2.16) pmol/L, 9.35 (6.8~18.46) pmol/L and 12.24 (2.60~50.04) pmol/L, respectively. The distributions of CH₃I, CH₂Br₂ and CHBrCl₂ in the surface seawater displayed a decreasing trend from inshore to offshore, while the distributions of CHBr₂Cl and CHBr₃ exhibited strong patchiness. The distributions of these gases were significantly influenced by terrestrial input, the mixed water mass and biological activity in spring. Significant correlation was observed between CHBr₃ and Chl-a concentrations in the surface seawater, indicating that phytoplankton biomass might play a significant role in the distribution of CHBr₃. The mean (range) atmospheric mixing ratios of CH₃I, CH₂Br₂, CHBrCl₂, CHBr₂Cl and CHBr₃ were 3.52×10^-12 (1.72×10^-12~10.00×10^-12), 3.82×10^-12(0.20×10^-12~34.95×10^-12), 1.40×10^-12(0.46×10^-12~6.18×10^-12), 1.55×10^-12 (0.16×10^-12~4.66×10^-12) and 6.63×10^-12 (2.20×10^-12~11.61×10^-12), respectively. The distribution patterns of atmospheric five short-lived volatile halocarbons were complex and affected by long-range transportation of air mass and meteorological condition. The sea-to-air flux data indicated that the entire East China Sea acted as a source for atmospheric CH₃I, CH₂Br₂, CHBrCl₂, CHBr₂Cl and CHBr₃ during the study period.

Key words： volatile halocarbons distribution atmosphere sea-to-air flux East China Sea

收稿日期: 2017-05-15

PACS:

X834

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFA0601304，2016YFA0601301）；国家自然科学基金（41506088，41320104008）；中央高校基本科研业务费项目（201513026，201762030）；海洋国家实验室"鳌山人才"卓越科学家计划项目（2015ASTP-OS12）

通讯作者: 何真,副教授,zhenhe@ouc.edu.cn E-mail: zhenhe@ouc.edu.cn

作者简介: 张颖杰(1994-),女,安徽省宿州人,中国海洋大学化学化工学院硕士研究生,主要从事海洋界面化学研究.

引用本文:

张颖杰, 何真, 杨桂朋. 东海海水和大气中挥发性卤代烃的分布[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018, 38(1): 14-25. ZHANG Ying-jie, HE Zhen, YANG Gui-peng. Distribution characteristics of volatile halocarbons in seawater and atmosphere of the East China Sea. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2018, 38(1): 14-25.

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http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/ 或 http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/CN/Y2018/V38/I1/14

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