废旧电器电子产品越境转移国际管理制度比较

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (10)

全文: PDF (368 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要废弃电器电子产品的非法越境转移已成为国际社会关注的重要环境问题之一，与之相伴而生的废弃电器电子产品与旧电器电子产品的鉴别问题也成为国际环境公约的热点议题.在此背景下，针对废旧电器电子产品越境转移的管理制度和鉴别标准，对相关国际公约以及美国、日本和欧盟等典型出口方与泰国、马来西亚和中国等典型进口方进行了比较分析.结果表明，发达国家和发展中国家关于废旧电器电子产品越境转移的政策存在对立性，尽管《巴塞尔公约》在努力减少这种对立性，以保护发展中国家环境利益，但电子废物非法越境转移的风险仍然存在.结合中国废旧电器电子产品进口管理现状，提出了完善中国现有管理体系的政策建议.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	刘芳
	郑莉霞
	谭全银
	李金惠

关键词 ：废旧电器电子产品, 电子废物, 越境转移, 管理制度, 鉴别

Abstract：Illegal transboundary movement of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) has become one of the important environmental issues worldwide. How to identify the WEEE from used electrical and electronic equipment (UEEE) has subsequently been considered as a hot topic of international environmental convention. In this context, a comparative study was conducted to understand the transboundary movement management of WEEE and UEEE, and their identification standards under the international convention. The typical exporting countries/regions (such as America, Japan and the EU) and typical importing countries (such as Thailand, Malaysia and China) were selected as the case studies. The results showed that the policies of the developed and developing countries on the transboundary movement of WEEE and UEEE are antagonistic. Although the Basel Convention is trying to reduce this antagonism in order to protect the environmental interests of developing countries, the risk of the illegal transboundary movement of e-waste still exists. On the basis of WEEE and UEEE import management status in China and the results obtained in this study, some effective policy suggestions were put forward for improving the existing management system in China.

Key words： waste and used electrical and electronic equipment e-waste transboundary movement management system distinction

收稿日期: 2017-11-02

X32

基金资助:国家社会科学基金资助项目（16ZDA071）

作者简介: 刘芳(1986-),女,河南商丘人,科研助理,硕士,主要从事电子废物管理政策与国际环境公约研究.发表论文3篇.

引用本文:

刘芳, 郑莉霞, 谭全银, 李金惠. 废旧电器电子产品越境转移国际管理制度比较[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018, 38(6): 2193-2201. LIU Fang, ZHENG Li-xia, TAN Quan-yin, LI Jin-hui. International management system on transboundary movement of waste and used electrical and electronic equipment: A comparative study. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2018, 38(6): 2193-2201.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2018/V38/I6/2193

[1]	Puckett J, Byster L, Westervelt S, et al. Exporting harm:the high-tech trashing of Asia[R]. Seattle:Basel Action Network (BAN), Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition (SVTC), 2002.
[2]	蔡文洁. UNEP公布电子垃圾预防导则[J]. 中国环境科学, 2010,30(6):795-795.
[3]	Baldé C P, Wang Feng, Kuehr R, et al. The Global E-waste Monitor-2014[R]. Bonn:United Nations University, IAS-SCYCLE, 2015.
[4]	Convention Overview[EB/OL]. http://www.basel.int/TheConvention/Overview/tabid/1271/Default.aspx, 2017-06-07.
[5]	E-waste Overview[EB/OL]. http://www.basel.int/Implementation/Ewaste/Overview/tabid/4063/Default.aspx, 2017-06-07.
[6]	Development of Technical Guidelines on E-waste[EB/OL]. http://www.basel.int/Implementation/Ewaste/TechnicalGuidelines/DevelopmentofTGs/tabid/2377/Default.aspx, 2017-06-07.
[7]	Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal[EB/OL]. http://www. basel.int/Portals/4/Basel%20Convention/docs/text/BaselConvention Text-e.pdf, 2017-06-07.
[8]	Technical Guidelines on Transboundary Movements of Electrical and Electronic Waste and Used Electrical and Electronic Equipment, in Particular Regarding the Distinction between Waste and Non-Waste under the Basel Convention[EB/OL]. http://www.basel.int/Implementation/Publications/LatestTechnicalGuidelines/tabid/5875/Default.aspx#, 2017-06-07.
[9]	EPA US. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act[EB/OL]. https://www.epa.gov/rcra, 2017-06-05.
[10]	EPA US. Requirements for Transboundary Shipments of Specific Wastes[EB/OL]. https://www.epa.gov/hwgenerators/requirements-transboundary-shipments-specific-wastes#pane-5, 2017-06-05.
[11]	刘芳,郑莉霞,李金惠.中日韩电子废物管理比较研究[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2017,39(1):102-105.
[12]	European Parliament, Council of the European Union. Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2006 on shipments of waste[EB/OL]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32006R1013, 2017-11-02.
[13]	European Commission. Commission Regulation (EC) No 1418/2007 of 29 November 2007 Concerning the Export for Recovery of Certain Waste Listed in Annex Ⅲ or ⅢA to Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council to Certain Countries to Which the OECD Decision on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Wastes Does Not Apply[EB/OL]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/? qid=1522679791116&uri=CELEX:32007R1418, 2017-11-02.
[14]	European Parliament, Council of the European Union. Directive 2012/19/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4July 2012on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)[EB/OL]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32012L0019, 2017-11-02.
[15]	Department of Industrial Works, Thailand. Criterion for Import of Used Electrical and Electronic Equipment Considered as Hazardous Substances into the Kingdom of Thailand (3rd Edition) B.E.2550[EB/OL]. http://www.env.go.jp/en/recycle/asian_net/Country_Information/Imp_ctrl_on_2ndhand/Thailand/notification-UEEE%20import.pdf, 2017-11-02.
[16]	Department of Environment, Malaysia. Guidelines for the Classification of Used Electrical and Electronic Equipment in Malaysia, Second Edition, 2010[EB/OL]. https://www.doe.gov.my/portalv1/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/ECTRICAL_AND_ELECTRONIC_EQUIPMENTIN_MALAYSIA.pdf, 2017-06-07.
[17]	Ministry of the Environment, Japan. The Evaluation Criteria of Second Hand Goods in Order for the Proper Export of UEEE[EB/OL]. http://www.env.go.jp/press/17151.html, 2017-06-05.
[18]	European Commission. Correspondents' Guidelines No 1on Shipments of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and of Used Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) Suspected to be WEEE[EB/OL]. http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/shipments/pdf/correspondence_guidlines_1.pdf, 2017-06-07.
[19]	杨彦,温馨,彭明国,等.电子垃圾拆解区多溴联苯污染特征及健康风险[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(12):4781-4789.