Effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on CH4 emissions from wetlands of the Yangtze River estuary, China
BU Nai-shun1,2,3, YANG Xiao1, GUO Hao1, YANG Ya-li1, ZHAO Yi-hui1, MA Fang3, LI Bo4, FANG Chang-ming4, YAN Zhuo-jun5
1. School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China;
4. School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;
5. College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
Spartina alterniflora, an invasive alien species, spreads rapidly in the coastal zones of China. It has become the most important invasive plant in coastal wetlands of China and has significant impacts on ecological structure and function of the key zone to the earth. CH4 is an important greenhouse gas and second only to CO2. In order to investigate effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on CH4 emission and reveal the potential underlying mechanisms of these effects in coastal wetlands of China, each transect was set up in the high and low marshes of wetlands in the Yangtze River estuary, respectively. A pair-wise experimental design between S. alterniflora (invasive plant) and Phragmites australis (native plant) stands in the high marsh, and S. alterniflora and Scirpus mariqueter (native plant) stands in the low marsh, was used at each site of the two transects to minimize the potential effects of background heterogeneities. Compared with native plant stands, S. alterniflora invasion significantly increased plant biomass. Invasion-increase in plant biomass was significantly higher in the high marsh than that in the low marsh, which is beneficial to carbon accumulation in the early succession of coastal ecosystem. S. alterniflora invasion also significantly increased soil moisture, soil organic carbon content, soil nitrogen content, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents of coastal wetlands of China. CH4 emission rates were significantly higher under S. alterniflora than P. australis stands in the high marsh, with mean values of (0.68 ±0.08) mg/(m2·h) and (0.21 ±0.01) mg/(m2·h), respectively. In the low marsh, mean CH4 emission rate under S. alterniflora stands was (8.31 ±0.50) mg/(m2·h) during the study period, which was significantly higher than that under S. mariqueter stands ((8.31 ±0.50) mg/(m2·h)). The difference in mean CH4 emission between S. alterniflora and P. australis stands in the high marsh ((0.47 ±0.08) mg/(m2·h)) was significantly lower than that between S. alterniflora and S. mariqueter stands in the low marsh ((4.37 ±0.48) mg/(m2·h)). Our results indicated that the S. alterniflora invasion significantly enhanced CH4emissions from coastal wetlands of China, probably mainly through improving the quality and quantity of substrates required for CH4 production, increasing soil microbial biomass and moisture. The invasion-related CH4 emissions were highly spatially variable; this variability may have been driven by the soil's anaerobic environments, induced by hydrological dynamics. These results can be applied to more reliably estimate and predict invasion-induced changes in CH4 emissions from wetlands in the context of global climate change. These results also can provide theoretical basis and scientific support for scientific management and rational utilization of coastal zone resources as well as coping with global climate change.
布乃顺, 杨骁, 郭昊, 杨亚利, 赵忆惠, 马放, 李博, 方长明, 闫卓君. 互花米草入侵对长江河口湿地CH4排放的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018, 38(10): 3949-3958.
BU Nai-shun, YANG Xiao, GUO Hao, YANG Ya-li, ZHAO Yi-hui, MA Fang, LI Bo, FANG Chang-ming, YAN Zhuo-jun. Effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on CH4 emissions from wetlands of the Yangtze River estuary, China. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2018, 38(10): 3949-3958.
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