Spatiotemporal variations of hydrochemistry and its controlling factors in the Yarlung Tsangpo River
LIU Jia-ju1, ZHAO Yu-shun2, HUANG Xiang3, GUO Huai-cheng1
1. College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
2. College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
3. Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
In order to study the characteristics of the water chemistry of the Yarlung Tsangpo River and its control factors, 212 water samples from the mainstream of the Yarlung Tsangpo River and its tributaries were collected in the three water periods in 2016. The mathematical statistics, Piper three-line map, Gibbs model, and ion ratio were analyzed. The hydrochemical characteristics of rivers in the whole basin, and the evolution of water chemistry in the basin. The results showed that the cations in the river water were dominated by Ca2+, Na+, and Mg2+; the anions were dominated by HCO3- and SO42-; the average value of TDS was 204.51mg/L, the degree of salinity is relatively low; the type of water chemistry is dominated by HCO3·SO4 (SO4·HCO3)-Ca·Mg (Mg·Ca) type water; The main ion concentration changes in the main stream of Yarlung Tsangpo fluctuated, and the seasonal changes were significant. Spatially, most ions in the river follow the trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The chemical samples of water are distributed in the middle left part of the Gibbs model, indicating that the chemical composition of the watershed in the basin is controlled by rock weathering. Principal component analysis and related analysis show that the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin The chemical composition of water is controlled by human influence, and weathering of calcite, dolomite and dissolution of sulfuric acid also play a very important role. The vast majority of heavy metals in the three watersheds of the basin meet the requirements of Class I water bodies in surface waters.
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