典型高原湖泊流域生态安全格局构建——以杞麓湖流域为例

摘要
图/表
参考文献(45)
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (1390 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

以“源”和生态环境保护为目标，引用最小累积阻力模型（MCR）对杞麓湖流域生态安全格局进行定量研究.结果表明：杞麓湖流域平均生态安全指数为2.59，生态安全以较低安全为主，占流域总面积的36.33%，中度安全和不安全次之，分别占流域总面积的23.36%和22.53%，高度安全面积最少，仅占17.77%.较低安全区主要分布在西北部、东南部和西南部，应加强对这些地区的生态环境保护建设.此外，以天然林地、重要水库和湖泊缓冲区100m以内区域作为生态源，选取坡度、海拔、植被覆盖度、土地覆盖类型、距水体距离、距建设用地距离、距居民点距离、距道路距离等8个阻力因子，结合MCR模型与GIS的cost-distance分析模块，生成最小累积耗费距离表面，划分5个阻力等级；依据累积阻力值频率变化特点及生态服务功能，确定了生态缓冲区、生态过渡区、生态边缘区、农业耕作区和人类活动区共5个生态功能区.杞麓湖流域生态源总面积为126.87km²，占流域总面积的35.74%，生态源在面积、数量和空间分布上都存在较大的差异，呈四周连片集中，中部分散破碎的分布格局，生态廊道呈四周连续紧凑，中部分散破碎的空间格局.生态节点的空间阻力值存在较大差异，部分生态节点累积阻力比较大，位于流域景观累计阻力值最大区，对生态流的流通安全性具有较大影响.基于最小累积阻力面，结合GIS的Hydrology模块，构建了由生态源与19个生态节点、23条生态廊道共同组成的具有结构性的流域景观生态安全格局，并提出了相应的建议，对高原湖泊流域研究及生态环境保护具有一定的参考价值.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	赵筱青
	谭琨
	易琦
	李思楠
	苗培培
	普军伟

关键词 ：生态安全, 生态安全格局, 最小累积阻力模型, 生态环境, 杞麓湖流域

Abstract：

With the goal of "source" and environment protection, the minimum accumulated resistance model (MCR) was used to quantitatively study the ecological security pattern in the Qilu lake basin. The results showed that:The average eco-safety index of the Qilu Basin was 2.59 and the ecological safety was mainly dominated by a lower degree of safety,accounting for 36.33% of the total area of the basin; Then it is followed by the levels of moderate safety and insecurity, accounting for 23.36% and 22.53% of the total basin area, respectively; the safest area was the smallest, accounting for only 17.77% of the total basin area; the lower safety zones were mainly distributed in the northwest, southeast and southwest, and ecological protection construction in these areas should be strengthened; Regarding as the ecological source, the slope, elevation, vegetation coverage, land cover type, distance from water body, distance from construction land, distance from residential area, distance from road were selected as indexes. The ecological source which was the area of the natural forest land, important reservoir and lake buffer within 100m. These factors combined with the MCR model and the cost-distance analysis module of GIS, generated the minimum cumulative distance of consumption surface and it was divided into five levels; based on the characteristics of the frequency of cumulative resistance changes, five ecological functional zones were identified:ecological buffer zone, ecological transition zone, ecological marginal zone, agricultural cultivation zone and human activity zone. The total area of ecological resources in the Qilu Lake basin was 126.87km², accounting for 35.74% of the total area of the basin. Ecological sources have large differences in area, number, and spatial distribution. The spatial distribution pattern of ecological sources was concentrated around the corners but scattered in the middle. The ecological corridor is continuous and compact, with a scattered and fragmented space in the middle. There was a big difference in the spatial resistance values of ecological nodes, and some ecological nodes have a relatively large accumulated resistance. Those nodes are located in the area which had the largest basin's landscape cumulative resistance value and have a great influence on the flow security of ecological flows. Based on the minimum cumulative resistance surface, combined with the Hydrology module of GIS, a structured watershed landscape ecological security pattern was constructed with an ecological source, 19ecological nodes, and 23ecological corridors. Moreover corresponding suggestions were put forward. It has a certain reference value for the study of plateau lake basins and ecological environment protection.

Key words： ecological security ecological security pattern minimum cumulative resistance model ecological environment Qilu lake basin

收稿日期: 2018-07-03

PACS:

X524

基金资助:

云南大学研究生科研创新基金资助项目（YDY17117，YDY17119）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（41361020，41761109）；云南省科技厅—云南大学联合基金资助项目（2018FY001（-017））；云南大学一流学科——地理学学科建设资助项目（C176210103，C176210215）；“第二批云岭学者培养”项目（C6153001）

通讯作者: 易琦,副教授,yiqi@ynu.edu.cn E-mail: yiqi@ynu.edu.cn

作者简介: 赵筱青(1969-),女,云南大理人,教授,博士,主要从事土地生态安全、土地利用覆被变化环境效应、土地利用优化研究.发表论文50余篇.

引用本文:

赵筱青, 谭琨, 易琦, 李思楠, 苗培培, 普军伟. 典型高原湖泊流域生态安全格局构建——以杞麓湖流域为例[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(2): 768-777. ZHAO Xiao-qing, TAN Kun, YI Qi, LI Si-nan, MIAO Pei-pei, PU Jun-wei. Construction of ecological security pattern in typical plateau lake basin——A case of the Qilu Lake basin. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2019, 39(2): 768-777.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2019/V39/I2/768

[1]	陈星,周成虎.生态安全:国内外研究综述[J]. 地理科学进展, 2005,24(6):8-20. Chen Xing, Zhou Chenghu. Review of the studies on ecological security[J]. Progress in Geography, 2005,24(6):8-20.
[2]	俞孔坚,王思思,李迪华,等.北京市生态安全格局及城市增长预景[J]. 生态学报, 2009,29(3):1189-1204. Yu Kongjian, Wang Sisi, Li Dihua, et al. The function of ecological security patterns as an urban growth framework in Beijing[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009,29(3):1189-1204.
[3]	肖笃宁,陈文波,郭福良.论生态安全的基本概念和研究内容[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002,139(3):354-358. Xiao Duning, Chen Wenbo, Guo Fuliang. On the basic concepts and contents of ecological security[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002,139(3):354-358.
[4]	马克明,傅伯杰,黎晓亚,等.区域生态安全格局:概念与理论基础[J]. 生态学报, 2004,24(4):761-768. Ma Keming, Fu Bojie, Li Xiaoya, et al. The regional pattern for ecological security (RPES):the concept and theoretical basis[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2004,24(4):761-768.
[5]	Qu G P. The problems of ecological environmental have become a popular subject of country safety[J]. Environmental Conservation, 2002,(5):3-4.
[6]	叶鑫,邹长新,刘国华,等.生态安全格局研究的主要内容与进展[J]. 生态学报, 2018,38(10):3382-3392. Ye Xin, Zou Changxin, Liu Guohua, et al. Main research contents and advances in the ecological security pattern[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018,38(10):3382-3392.
[7]	耿润哲,殷培红,马茜.以环境质量改善为目标的贵安新区生态安全格局构建虚拟[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(5):1990-2000. Geng Runzhe, Yin Peihong, Ma Qian. Simulation research for ecological security pattern construction based on improvement of water and air quality in Gui'an New Area[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(5):1990-2000.
[8]	叶玉瑶,苏泳娴,张虹鸥,等.生态阻力面模型构建及其在城市扩展模拟中的应用[J]. 地理学报, 2014,69(4):485-496. Ye Yuyao, Su Yongxian, Zhang Hong'ou, et al. Ecological resistance surface model and its application in urban expansion simulations[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014,69(4):485-496.
[9]	黄宁,王红映,吝涛,等.基于"源-汇"理论的流域非点源污染控制景观格局调控框架——以厦门市马銮湾流域为例[J]. 应用生态学报, 2016,27(10):3325-3334. Huang Ning, Wang Hongying, Lin Tao, et al. Regulation framework of watershed landscape pattern for non-point source pollution control based on'source-sink'theory:A case study in the watershed of Maluan Bay, Xiamen City, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016,27(10):3325-3334.
[10]	赵筱青,和春兰.外来树种桉树引种的景观生态安全格局[J]. 生态学报, 2013,33(6):1860-1871. Zhao Xiaoqing, He Chunlan. Landscape ecological security pattern associated with the introduction of exotic tree species Eucalyptus[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013,33(6):1860-1871.
[11]	Odette L, Sutcliffe, Vegar Bakkestuen, et al. Modelling the benefits of farmland restoration:methodology and application to butterfly movement[J]. Landscape and Urban plan, 2003,(63):15-31.
[12]	马程,王晓玥,张雅昕,等.北京市生态涵养区生态系统服务供给与流动的能值分析[J]. 地理学报, 2017,72(6):974-985. Ma Cheng, Wang Xiaoyue, Zhang Yaxin, et al. Energy analysis of ecosystem services supply and flow in Beijing ecological conservation area[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017,72(6):974-985.
[13]	赵筱青,王海波,杨树华,等.基于GIS支持下的土地资源空间格局生态优化[J]. 生态学报, 2009,29(9):4892-4910. Zhao Xiaoqing, Wang Haibo, Yang Shubua, et al. GIS-based ecological optimization of spatial patterns of land resources[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009,29(9):4892-4910.
[14]	Knaapen J P, Scheffer M, Harms B. Estimating habitat isolation in landscape planning[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 1992,23(1):1-16.
[15]	谢花林,李秀彬,陈瑜琦,等.土地利用规划环境影响的生态安全评价方法初探——以内蒙古翁牛特旗为例[J]. 资源科学, 2010,32(1):57-63. Xie Hualin, Li Xiubin, Chen Yuqi, et al. Environmental impacts of land use planning based on an ecological security method in Ongniud Banner, Inner Mongolia[J]. Resources Science, 2010,32(1):57-63.
[16]	Dong J H, Dai W T, Shao G Q, et al. Ecological network construction based on minimum cumulative resistance for the City of Nanjing, China[J]. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 2015,4(4):2045-2060.
[17]	Lloret-Climent M, Amorós-Jiménez R, González-Franco L, et al. Coverage and invariance for the biological control of pests in Mediterranean greenhouses[J]. Ecological Modelling, 2014,292:37-44.
[18]	Li F, Ye Y P, Song B W, et al. Evaluation of urban suitable ecological land based on the minimum cumulative resistance model:a case study from Changzhou, China[J]. Ecological Modelling, 2015,318:194-203.
[19]	Zhao X Q, Xu X H. Research on landscape ecological security pattern in a Eucalyptus introduced region based on biodiversity conservation[J]. Russian Journal of Ecology, 2015,46(1):59-70.
[20]	陈慧,付光辉,刘友兆,等.南京市土地资源安全SD法评价研究[J]. 资源科学, 2017,39(5):846-859. Chen Hui, Fu Guanghui, Liu Youzhao, et al. Regional land resource security evaluation based on system dynamics in Nanjing City[J]. Resources Science, 2017,39(5):846-859.
[21]	俞孔坚.生物保护的景观生态安全格局[J]. 生态学报, 1999,19(1):8-15. YU Kongjian. Landscape ecological security patterns in biological conservation[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 1999,19(1):8-15.
[22]	蒙吉军,朱利凯,杨倩,等.鄂尔多斯市土地利用生态安全格局构建[J]. 生态学报, 2012,32(21):6755-6766. Meng Jijun, Zhu Likai, Yang Qian, et al. Building ecological security pattern based on land use:a case study of Ordos, Northern China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012,32(21):6755-6766.
[23]	卓静.基于3S技术的陕北地区生态环境遥感动态监测及评价[D]. 西安:西北大学, 2008. Zhuo Jing. Dynamic monitoring and evaluation of Eco-environment based on 3S Technology in the northern Shaanxi province[D]. Xian:Northwestern university, 2008.
[24]	谢花林.土地利用生态安全格局研究进展[J]. 生态学报, 2008, 28(12):6305-6311. Xie Hualin. Review and the outlook of land use ecological security pattern[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2008,28(12):6305-6311.
[25]	杨姗姗,邹长新,沈渭寿,等.基于生态红线划分的生态安全格局构建——以江西省为例[J]. 生态学杂志, 2016,35(1):250-258. Yang Shanshan, Zou Changxin, Shen Weishou, et al. construction of ecological security patterns based on ecological red line:A case study of Jiangxi Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2016,35(1):250-258.
[26]	李晶,蒙吉军,毛熙彦.基于最小累积阻力模型的农牧交错带土地利用生态安全格局构建——以鄂尔多斯市准格尔旗为例[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2013,49(4):707-715. Li Jing, Meng Jijun, Mao Xiyan. MCR Based Model for Developing Land Use Ecological Security Pattern in Farming-Pastoral Zone:A Case Study of Jungar Banner, Ordos[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2013,49(4):707-715.
[27]	李玉平,蔡运龙.河北省土地生态安全评价[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2007,43(6):784-789. Li Yuping, Cai Yunlong. Security evaluation of land ecology in Hebei Province[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2007,43(6):784-789.
[28]	刘孝富,段培强,王维,等.成都地震重灾区生态影响分区及恢复对策[J]. 环境科学研究, 2010,23(6):711-718. Liu Xiaofu, Duan Peiqiang, Wang Wei, et al. Research on ecological impact regionalization and restoration strategy in areas of Chengdu heavily impact by earthquake[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2010,23(6):711-718.
[29]	Broquet T, Ray N, Petit E, et al. Genetic isolation by distance and landscape connectivity in the American marten (Martes Americana)[J]. Landscape Ecology, 2006,21(6):877-889.
[30]	Stanton A, Javadi A A. An automated approach for an optimised least cost solution of reinforced concrete reservoirs using site parameters[J]. Engineering Structures, 2014,60(2):32-40.
[31]	谭豪波,赵岩,孙峥,等.废弃场地修复的微尺度生态安全评估优化体系[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,36(7):2169-2177. Tan Haobo, Zhao Yan, Sun Zheng, et al. Ecological security evaluation and optimization system for microscale remediation of abandoned terrestrial field[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(7):2169-2177.
[32]	熊繁,邵景安.不同土地利用情景下农村景观生态格局优化[J]. 中国农业资源与区划, 2016,37(2):11-21. Xiong Fan, Shao Jingan. The Optimization of rural landscape ecological pattern of different land use scenarios[J]. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, 2016,37(2):11-21.
[33]	陈影,哈凯,贺文龙,等.冀西北间山盆地区景观格局变化及优化研究——以河北省怀来县为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2016,31(4):556-569. Chen Ying, Ha Kai, He Wenlong, et al. Study on the change and optimization of landscape pattern in the basin of Northwest Hebei Mountains-A Case Study of Huailai County, Hebei Province[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2016,31(4):556-569.
[34]	李强,刘云庆,陈望香,等.新疆地表水体重金属生态风险评估[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(5):1913-1922. Li Qiang, Liu yunqing, Chen Wangxiang,et al. Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in water of Xinjiang Area[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(5):1913-1922.
[35]	孟霖,郭杰,孙驰,等.基于供求关系的城镇建设用地适宜性评价——以扬州市为例[J]. 资源科学, 2018,40(1):11-21. Meng Lin, Guo Jie, Sun Chi, et al. Suitability evaluation of urban construction land based on supply and demand in Yangzhou City[J]. Resources Science, 2018,40(1):11-21.
[36]	欧阳威,鞠欣妍,高翔,等.考虑面源污染的农业开发流域生态安全评价研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(3):1194-1200. Ouyang Wei, Ju Xinyan, Gao Xiang, et al. Ecological security assessment of agricultural development watershed considering non-point source pollution[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(3):1194-1200.
[37]	王圣瑞,张蕊,过龙根,等.洞庭湖水生态风险防控技术体系研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(5):1896-1905. Wang Shengrui, Zhang Rui, Guo Longgen, et al. Study on the water ecological risk prevention and control technology system of dongting lake[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017,37(5):1896-1905.
[38]	王瑶,宫辉力,李小娟.基于最小累计模型的景观通达性分析[J]. 地理空间信息, 2007,5(4):45-47. WANG Yao, GONG Huili, LI Xiaojuan. Analysis of the culture landscape accessibility based on minimum cumulative resistance model[J]. Geospatial Information, 2007,5(4):45-47.
[39]	张惠远,万军.GIS支持下的山地景观生态优化途径[J]. 水土保持研究, 1999,6(4):69-74. Zhang Huiyuan, Wan Jun. A practical approach of ecological optimizing of mountain landscape based on GIS[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 1999,6(4):69-74.
[40]	Laurel G L,Judson W H. Modeling of hydrogeological feedbacks predicts distinct classes of landscape pattern, process, and restoration potential in shallow aquatic ecosystems[J].Geomorphology, 2011, 126(3):279-296.
[41]	Wickham J D, O'Neill R V, Jones B. Forest fragmentation as an economic indicator[J]. Landscape Ecological, 2000,15(2):171-179.
[42]	张凤太,王腊春,苏维词.基于物元分析-DPSIR概念模型的重庆土地生态安全评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,36(10):3126-3134. Zhang Fengtai, Wang Lachun, Su Weici. Evaluation of land ecological security in Chongqing based on the matter-element analysis-DPSIR model[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(10):3126-3134.
[43]	Nsabimana D, Haynes R J, Wallis F M. Size, activity and catabolic diversity of soil microbial biomass as affected by land use[J]. Apply Soil Ecological, 2004,26(2):81-92.
[44]	傅伯杰.地理学综合研究的途径与方法:格局与过程耦合[J]. 地理学报, 2014,69(8):1052-1059. Fu Bojie. The integrated studies of geography:Coupling of patterns and processes[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014,69(8):1052-1059.
[45]	肖杨,毛显强.区域景观生态风险空间分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2006,26(5):623-626. Xiao Yang, Mao Xianqiang. Spatial analysis of regional landscape ecological risk. China Environmental Science, 2006,26(5):623-626.