In order to analyze the two heavy pollution processes in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area from November 27 to December 1 (process 1) and December 19 to 25(process 2), 2015, the formation mechanism of heavy pollution weather was analyzed from circulation situation, atmospheric stability condition, dynamic condition, water vapor condition and near-surface wind field transportation. These two heavy polluted weather processes belonged to stationary type, and the duration of heavy polluted weather in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei was more than 50%. In the presence of large-scale static and stable situation, the vertical diffusion condition in the boundary layer during process 1 was weaker than that of process 2. During the first period of the process, the position of the surface convergence line was northward and remains unchanged, while the position of the convergence line was south and slightly north-south oscillation during the second process, which resulted in the difference of heavy pollution area and pollution growth rate between two processes. For Beijing, snowfall melting provided favorable water vapor conditions in the early stage of process 1. Weak southerly wind was beneficial to the transport of pollutants and water vapor. The height of mixing layer remained abnormally low (the average height of mixing layer in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei was 339m), accompanied by weak subsidence movement (0~2Pa/s) and multi-layer inversion (and thickness) during the process, which caused no obvious diurnal variation. Simultaneously, the surface convergence line maintained in central Beijing. Due to these multiple factors, Beijing was seriously polluted in process 1 with peak concentration of PM2.5 reached to 593mg/m3. In the early stage of process 2, emission reduction measures were adopted, visibility and PM2.5 changed greatly, and pollution development was more gentle than that of process 1. In the later stage of process 2, adverse meteorological conditions combined with pollution emissions resulted in the explosive growth of PM2.5, with the peak concentration of PM2.5 in Xingtai reaching 700mg/m3 and the growth rate exceeding 7.2mg/(m3·h).
吕梦瑶, 张恒德, 王继康, 江琪, 刘超, 张碧辉, 李青春. 2015年冬季京津冀两次重污染天气过程气象成因[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(7): 2748-2757.
LÜ Meng-yao, ZHANG Heng-de, WANG Ji-kang, JIANG Qi, LIU Chao, ZHANG Bi-hui, LI Qing-chun. Analysis of meteorological causes of two heavily polluted weather processes in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in winter of 2015. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2019, 39(7): 2748-2757.
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