云南某一矿产资源开发利用的环境辐射影响研究

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摘要

为了解云南西南部一锗矿开采和冶炼对环境的辐射影响，在矿区及其外围环境开展了航空和地面联合调查测量，在重点地区和热点区域开展详细调查.研究结果显示，原矿石、冶炼废渣放射性活度大于1Bq/g，中间产品核素活度达到10⁴Bq/kg；企业排放废水总α>1Bq/L，总β>1Bq/L.矿产开发利用对周围环境影响明显，局部区域受污染农田土壤、地表水系局部地段放射性水平明显高于正常背景值，在受污染区域生长的农作物放射性水平较高.室内氡浓度年平均值与全国水平比较总体上明显偏高，且研究区域居民受照剂量高于全国平均水平.

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	吴其反
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	曹钟港
	潘自强

关键词 ：天然放射性, 氡, ²¹⁰Po-²¹⁰Pb, 放射性影响, 航空测量, 云南

Abstract：

In order to study the environmental radiation impact from the coal mining and germanium processing in the germanium ore located in southwestern Yunnan province, an integrated investigation consists of airborne and ground survey had been carried out, while detailed monitoring followed up in the contaminated areas and hot zones. Concentrations of ²³⁸U and ²²⁶Ra in raw materials (coal) and smelting slag exceeded 1Bq/g, while for the intermediate products, reached 10⁴Bq/kg. The radioactivity concentrations of both gross alpha and beta in waste liquid from mining wells and thermal plant were over 1Bq/L. As a result, the environmental radiation levels enhanced. Radioactivity concentrations in some locations of the rivers across the research area were several times higher than the background level. Activity concentrations in crops grown up on the contaminated soils also increased. Indoor radon concentrations in this area were higher than national average level. The average annual effective dose for public exposure was higher than the average level in China.

Key words： naturally occurring radioactive material radon ²¹⁰Po-²¹⁰Pb radiological impact airborne survey Yunnan

收稿日期: 2019-02-18

PACS:

X591

基金资助:

生态环境部核设施、核基地放射性污染防治（调查1336）

通讯作者: 吴其反 E-mail: wuqifan@tsinghua.edu.cn

作者简介: 吴其反(1963-),男,福建泉州人,清华大学工程物理系高级工程师,博士,主要从事辐射环境监测与评价研究.发表论文30余篇.

引用本文:

吴其反, 朱培, 王晨潇, 喻亦林, 曹钟港, 潘自强. 云南某一矿产资源开发利用的环境辐射影响研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(10): 4290-4295. WU Qi-fan, ZHU Pei, WANG Chen-xiao, YU Yi-lin, CAO Zhong-gang, PAN Zi-qiang. Environmental radiation impact of a mining and processing site in Yunnan Province. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2019, 39(10): 4290-4295.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2019/V39/I10/4290

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