科技创新投入对环境全要素生产率的影响机制

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摘要

使用2004~2015年的中国280个地级市的面板数据，对科技创新投入与环境全要素生产率间的非线性关系、内部影响机理和空间异质性进行分析，结果显示：科技创新投入与环境全要素生产率之间呈现倒N型关系，两个拐点的位置分别为7.722（2257.47万元）和9.610（14913.17万元）；在外部资本进入、污染治理、市场规模效应3种影响路径中，科技创新投入影响下的外部资本进入对环境全要素生产率依然存在污染避难所的负向效应，科技创新投入与外部资本间效应为0.1363，外部资本与环境全要素生产率间效应为-0.0065；科技创新投入能够增强企业的污染治理技术并提高环境全要素生产率，三者间前后效应分别为-0.0277和-0.0311；科技创新的投入与高效益增强了市场规模效应，有效促进生产结构的转型进而提高环境全要素生产率，三者间前后效应为0.0186和0.4346.空间异质性中，外部资本进入与溢出效应带来的污染避难所负效应在中部地区显著，在西部和东北部地区不显著，而污染天堂正效应在东部地区存在但不显著；污染创新治理投入的技术正溢出效应在东部和西部地区效应显著，在中部和东北部不显著；科技创新投入与市场需求规模效应在空间区域无差异且显著为正.建议依据科技创新投入的不同影响路径来实施空间差异化策略.

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关键词 ：科技创新投入, 环境全要素生产率, 理论机制, 空间异质性

Abstract：

This paper examined the issues of the non-linear relationship, mechanism and spatial heterogeneity between investment in technological innovation and environmental total factor productivity, using a city-level panel data with 280 Chinese cities from 2004 to 2015. It showed the following results:there was an inverted N-shaped relationship between investment in technological innovation and environmental total factor productivity, and two turning points were 7.722 (22.577 million yuan per year) and 9.610 (14913.17 million yuan per year), respectively. The effect of investment in technological innovation on the entry of external capital had negative impact on environmental TFP due to the pollution haven hypothesis, and the effect between the investment and external capital was 0.1363 while the effect between external capital and environmental TFP was -0.0065; investment in technological innovation could improve firms' pollution abatement technologies and increase environmental TFP, the effect between the investment and improvement on abatement technologies was -0.0277 while the effect between improvement on abatement technologies and environmental TFP was -0.0311; investment in technological innovation has also resulted in an increase in the scale effect, which efficiently changed the structure of production and enhanced environmental TFP then, the effect between the investment and changes of production structure was 0.0186 while the effect between changes of production structure and environmental TFP was 0.4346. In spatial heterogeneity, the negative effect of pollution haven due to the entry of external capital and spillover effect was significant in the central China, and insignificant in the west and northeast China, however, the paper found the positive effect of pollution haven in the east China but the effect was insignificant; the positive spillover effect of technology due to the investment in abatement innovation was significant in the east and west China, insignificant in the central and northeast China; the scale effect due to the investment in innovation and market demand was no different across spatial regions and positively significant. The paper suggested using strategies of spatial heterogeneity according to different mechanisms created by the investment in technological innovation.

Key words： science and technology innovation input environmental total factor productivity theoretical mechanism spatial heterogeneity

收稿日期: 2019-08-26

PACS:	X196
	F205

基金资助:

中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（201810339）

通讯作者: 刘培,博士研究生,liupeiwh@126.com E-mail: liupeiwh@126.com

作者简介: 陈浩(1964-),男,湖北黄石人,中南财经政法大学经济学院教授,博士,主要从事资源与环境经济学研究.发表论文60余篇.

引用本文:

陈浩, 刘培, 余东升, 彭书舟. 科技创新投入对环境全要素生产率的影响机制[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(4): 1834-1846. CHEN Hao, LIU Pei, YU Dong-sheng, PENG Shu-zhou. The mechanism for the effect of investment in technological innovation on environmental total factor productivity. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(4): 1834-1846.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2020/V40/I4/1834

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