巢湖不同富营养化区域甲烷排放通量与途径

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摘要为了更好的认识不同富营养化区域甲烷（CH₄）排放通量及途径的时空异质性，本文以我国典型富营养化浅水湖泊-巢湖为研究对象，设置西北湖湾、西湖心和中湖心3个研究点位，采用漂浮通量箱和经验模型分析等方法对其水-气界面CH₄排放通量与途径进行季节性研究.结果表明水体与沉积物中CH₄溶存浓度、水-气界面CH₄排放通量同水体营养盐水平及叶绿素a含量的空间变化相一致，且均表现为西北湖湾最高，其水体CH₄溶存浓度为（0.178 ±0.002）~（1.123 ±0.026）μmol/L、表层沉积物中CH₄含量为（70.5 ±30.7）~（189 ±97.0）μmol/L、CH₄总排放通量为（50.1 ±2.93）~（1232 ±28.6）μmol/（m²·h）；3个点位的CH₄扩散通量占总排放量的7.3%~42.9%，冒泡通量占57.1%~92.7%，富营养化程度最高的西北湖湾冒泡通量占比最高；CH₄排放通量大小与途径同时受季节变化影响，夏季CH₄冒泡与总排放通量均最高，其中冒泡对总通量的贡献高达98.1%.

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关键词 ：甲烷, 溶存浓度, 扩散通量, 冒泡通量, 湖泊

Abstract：In order to better understand the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of methane emission fluxes and pathways in eutrophic lakes. Emission fluxes and pathways of CH₄ were studied in areas of different trophic levels in Lake Chaohu, a large and shallow eutrophic lake in Eastern China. A total of three study sites were deployed in the northwestern bay, the center of the west lake, and the center of the middle lake, respectively. Seasonal CH₄ emission fluxes and pathways at the water-air interface were examined by using floating flux chambers and an empirical diffusion model. The spatial variations of CH₄ concentrations and emission fluxes shared similar patterns with nutrient levels and chlorophyll-a contents in the waters and the sediments. The highest CH₄ were found in the northwestern bay, in which dissolved CH₄ in water was (0.178 ±0.002)~(1.123 ±0.026) μmol/L, CH₄ in surface sediments was (70.5 ±30.7)~(189 ±97.0) μmol/L, and the total emission flux of CH₄ was (50.1 ±2.93) ~ (1232 ±28.6)μmol/(m²·h). Diffusive fluxes of CH₄ in the three areas accounted for 7.3% ~ 42.9% of the total emission, and the fluxes of ebullition accounted for 57.1% ~ 92.7% of the total emission. The northwestern bay which was also more eutrophic than the other two areas shared the highest proportion of the ebullition. CH₄ emission pathways in Lake Chaohu were influenced by seasonal changes. There were the highest total CH₄ emission fluxes and ebullition fluxes in the summer, in which the contribution of ebullition to the total emission fluxes was as high as 98.1%.

Key words： methane concentration diffusion flux ebullition flux lake

收稿日期: 2020-11-25

PACS:

X511

基金资助:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2017ZX07603002，2017ZX07603004）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（41771122）

通讯作者: 张雷,副研究员,leizhang@niglas.ac.cn E-mail: leizhang@niglas.ac.cn

作者简介: 何凯(1995-),男,安徽阜阳人,安徽大学资源与环境工程学院硕士研究生,研究方向为环境生物地球化学.发表论文2篇.

引用本文:

何凯, 王洪伟, 胡晓康, 安燕飞, 钟继承, 张雷. 巢湖不同富营养化区域甲烷排放通量与途径[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(7): 3306-3315. HE Kai, WANG Hong-wei, HU Xiao-kang, AN Yan-fei, ZHONG Ji-cheng, ZHANG Lei. Emission fluxes and pathways of methane in different eutrophic areas of Lake Chaohu. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(7): 3306-3315.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I7/3306

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