Synergistic enhancement mechanism of nano-TiO2/ZJ-01 composite promoter on the removal efficiency of high-concentration ammonia nitrogen
ZHANG Jia-cheng, LIU Yong-jun, LIU Pan, ZHANG Ai-ning, QI Hao, LIU Zhe
School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology of Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710055, China
Abstract：In order to enhance the air-stripping removal efficiency of high concentration ammonia nitrogen (500~7000mg/L) from coal chemical wastewater and reduce thealkali consumption noticeably, a nano-TiO2/ZJ-01 composite promoter was prepared, and its stability, efficiency and promoting mechanism were further investigated. The results showed that the nano-TiO2/ZJ-01 composite promoter had the highest cost-efficient at the proportion of 6.0% and 0.4% (w.t) for organic fraction and 5nm TiO2, respectively within 30min ultrasonic dispersion. The ammonia nitrogen air-stripping rate was up to 95.14% at the Nano-TiO2/ZJ-01 dosage of 7.5mg/L as well as increasing by17.02%~32.46% under any pH values in the presence of the nano-TiO2/ZJ-01. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate for original coal chemical wastewater when the nano-TiO2/ZJ-01 existed in 40min was higher than that of the wastewater by adjusting alkalinity to pH=11.5using direct air-stripping method, indicating that the alkali consumption reduced sharply. Moreover, the mechanism of ammonia removal by the nano-TiO2/ZJ-01 was investigated that the occurrences of the decreased liquid film resistance and the increased mass transfer contact area together with the reduced bubble size in the mass transfer process have arisen due to the great reduce of surface tension between gas and liquid phases, resulting in the escape of ammonia from wastewater accelerating. Meanwhile, the role of the nano-TiO2/ZJ-01 existed in the air-stripping process contained the enhanced actions of the interfacial turbulence and convection and the accelerated renewal of liquid film side in bubble surface as well as the reduced thickness of effective mass transfer boundary layer, therefore the reduction of the ammonia-nitrogen mass transfer resistance and strengthening of the mass transfer between gas and liquid were occurred.
刘兴社,刘永军,刘喆,等.煤化工废水中酚类物质,氨氮的处理方法研究进展[J].化工进展, 2021,40(1):505-514.Liu X S, Liu Y J, Liu Z, et al. Research progress on treatment methods of phenolic substances and ammonia nitrogen in coal chemical wastewater[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(1):505-514.
[2]
Jia S, Han H, Zhuang H, et al. Impact of high external circulation ratio on the performance of anaerobic reactor treating coal gasification wastewater under thermophilic condition[J]. Bioresource technology, 2015,192:507-513.
[3]
Gai H, Song H, Xiao M, et al. Conceptual design of a modified phenol and ammonia recovery process for the treatment of coal gasification wastewater[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016,304:621-628.
[4]
Yu Z, Chen Y, Feng D, et al. Process development, simulation, and industrial implementation of a new coal-gasification wastewater treatment installation for phenol and ammonia removal[J]. Industrial& Engineering Chemistry Research, 2010,49(6):2874-2881.
[5]
Zhao D, Lun W, Wei J. Discussion on wastewater treatment process of coal chemical industry[C]//IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing, 2017,100(1):012067.
[6]
Cui P, Mai Z, Yang S, et al. Integrated treatment processes for coal-gasification wastewater with high concentration of phenol and ammonia[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017,142:2218-2226.
[7]
Li W, Shi X, Zhang S, et al. Modelling of ammonia recovery from wastewater by air stripping in rotating packed beds[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2020,702:134971.
[8]
阮昭意,谢益佳,黄廷林,等.低温下逆流充氧强化去除地表原水中的氨氮和锰[J].中国给水排水, 2022,38(1):40-46.Ruan Z Y, Xie Y J, Huang T L, et al. Enhanced removal of ammonia nitrogen and manganese from surface raw water by countercurrent oxygenation at low temperature[J]. China Water& Wastewater, 2022, 38(1):40-46.
[9]
蒋柱武,王晟,魏忠庆,等.中试规模动力波吹脱技术分离老龄化垃圾渗滤液中的高浓度氨氮[J].环境工程学报, 2020,14(11):3042-3052.Jiang Z W, Wang S, Wei Z Q et al. Separation of high concentration ammonia nitrogen from aged-landfill leachate by pilot-scale dynamic wave stripping[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2020,14(11):3042-3052.
[10]
Feng D, Yu Z, Chen Y, et al. Novel single stripper with side-draw to remove ammonia and sour gas simultaneously for coal-gasification wastewater treatment and the industrial implementation[J]. Industrial& engineering chemistry research, 2009,48(12):5816-5823.
[11]
Feng D C, Pan M, Qian Y, et al. Control scheme of novel pressurized stripper and the industrial implementation[C]//Applied Mechanics and Materials. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2013,241:1184-1190.
[12]
Cui P, Mai Z, Yang S, et al. Integrated treatment processes for coal-gasification wastewater with high concentration of phenol and ammonia[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017,142:2218-2226.
[13]
Yetao S, Wali G. Research on Pretreatment of High Concentrated Ammonia-nitrogen Wastewater from Coal Gasification Process by Air Stripping[C]//2011Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation. IEEE, 2011,2:853-855.
[14]
Zhang L, Lee Y W, Jahng D. Ammonia stripping for enhanced biomethanization of piggery wastewater[J]. Journal of hazardous materials, 2012,199:36-42.
[15]
涂阳辉.高氨氮制药废水处理工艺案例的研究[D].南昌:南昌大学, 2016,7-15.Tu Y H. Research on the treatment of high ammonia pharmaceutical wastewater[D]. Nanchang:Nanchang University, 2016:7-15.
[16]
El-Bourawi M S, Khayet M, Ma R, et al. Application of vacuum membrane distillation for ammonia removal[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2007,301(1/2):200-209.
[17]
刘兴社,刘永军,刘喆,等.煤化工废水中油,酚,氨回收研究进展[J].化工进展, 2020,40(2):1048-1057.Liu X S, Liu Y J, Liu Z, et al. Research advances on recovery of oil, phenols, and ammonia in coalchemical wastewater[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020,40(2):1048-1057.
[18]
雷春生,朱晓锋,高雯,等.复配表面活性剂协同促进氨氮吹脱效能研究[J].中国给水排水, 2016,32(5):77-80.Lei C S, Zhu X F, Gao W, et al. Promotion of Ammonia Stripping Efficiency with Compound Surfactant[J]. China Water& Wastewater, 2020,40(2):1048-1057.
[19]
孙连鹏,陈莉莉,等.复合脱氮剂处理高浓度氨氮废水的小试研究[J].环境科学与技术, 2014,37(6N):147-149Sun L P, Chen L L, et al. Research on treatment of high concentration ammonia-nitrogen wastewater by air stripping with organic composite denitrification reagent in laboratory scale[J]. Environmental Science& Technology, 2014,37(6N):147-149.
[20]
冀云,赵远,董向阳,等.促脱剂协同传统吹脱法处理高氨氮工业废水[J].化工环保, 2019,39(2):153-157.Ji Y, Zhao Y, Dong X Y, et al. Treatment of industrial wastewater with high ammonia-nitrogen by conventional stripping process combined with promoting removal agents[J]. Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry, 2019,39(2):153-157.
[21]
冯俊生,许晓锋,赵丽华.纳米复合脱氮剂/气动超声吹脱高浓度氨氮废水[J].环境工程学报, 2015,(1):177-182.Feng J S, Xu X F, et al. Removal of high concentration ammonia by nano-denitrification agent and ultrasound stripping[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2015,(1):177-182.
[22]
Sandhya M, Ramasamy D, Sudhakar K, et al. Ultrasonication an intensifying tool for preparation of stable nanofluids and study the time influence on distinct properties of graphene nanofluids-A systematic overview[J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2021,73:105479.
[23]
Ghodsinezhad H, Sharifpur M, Meyer J P. Experimental investigation on cavity flow natural convection of Al2O3-water nanofluids[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2016,76:316-324.
[24]
Xian H W, Sidik N A C, Saidur R. Impact of different surfactants and ultrasonication time on the stability and thermophysical properties of hybrid nanofluids[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2020,110:104389.
[25]
田一哲.纳米流体的制备及其对CO2的吸收强化[D].天津:天津工业大学, 2020:15-40.Tian Y Z. Preparation of nanofluid and its enhancement in CO2 absorption[D]. Tianjin:Tiangong University, 2020:15-40.
[26]
祝媛媛,张丛兰,吴绍艳,等.响应面法优化超声吹脱处理香兰素生产废水中的氨氮工艺研究[J].安全与环境学报, 2019,19(3):1003-1009.Zhu Y Y, Zhang C L, Wu S Y, et al. Process optimization of ultrasonic stripping ammonia nitrogen in vanillin production wastewater using response surface method[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2019, 19(3):1003-1009.
[27]
李文静,李军,张彦灼,等.NaCl改性沸石对水中氨氮的吸附机制[J].中国环境科学, 2016,36(12):3567-3575.Li W J, Li J, Zhang Y Z, et al. Adsorption mechanism of ammonium from aqueous solutions by NaCl modified zeolite[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(12):3567-3575.
[28]
熊文.生活污水前置氨氮吹脱及其对后续生物处理影响研究[D].重庆大学, 2019:22-26.Xiong W. Study on the pre-ammonia nitrogen stripping of domestic sewage and its effect on subsequent biological treatment[D]. Chongqing University, 2019:22-26.
[29]
Yetilmezsoy K. Composite desirability function-based empirical modeling for packed tower design in physical ammonia absorption[J]. Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2012,7(6):795-813.
[30]
AlZaharani A A, Dincer I, Naterer G F. Performance evaluation of a geothermal based integrated system for power, hydrogen and heat generation[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013,38(34):14505-14511.
[31]
刘琪.引气混凝土气孔结构形成机制及影响因素研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2021.Liu Q. Study on air voids formation mechanism and influencing factors of air-entrained concrete[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology, 2021.
[32]
王晟.高氨氮垃圾渗滤液物化预处理及后续生物处理的初步研究[D].福州:福建工程学院, 2020:28-37.Wang S. Physical and chemical separation of high ammonia nitrogen from landfill leachate and preliminary study on subsequent biological treatme[D]. Fuzhou:Fujian University of Technology, 2020:28-37.
[33]
张远君,王慧玉,张振鹏.两相流体动力学基础理论及工程应用[M].北京:北京航空学院出版社, 1986:302-303.Zhang Y J, Wang H Y, Zhang Z P. Basic theory of two-phase fluid dynamics and engineering applications[M]. Beijing:Beihang University Press, 1986:302-303.
[34]
Linek V, Kordač M, Soni M. Mechanism of gas absorption enhancement in presence of fine solid particles in mechanically agitated gas-liquid dispersion. Effect of molecular diffusivity[J]. Chemical engineering science, 2008,63(21):5120-5128.
[35]
吴兆伟,施浙杭,赵辉,等.表面张力变化对含气泡液体射流破裂的影响[J].化工学报, 2021,72(3):1283-1294.Wu Z W, Shi Z H, Zhao H, et al. Effects of surface tension variations on breakup of liquid jet with inner bubbles[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021,72(3):1283-1294.
[36]
Kluytmans J H J, Van Wachem B G M, Kuster B F M, et al. Mass transfer in sparged and stirred reactors:influence of carbon particles and electrolyte[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2003,58(20):4719-4728.
[37]
姜家宗.纳米颗粒强化气液传质的实验和模型研究[D].北京:清华大学, 2014.Jiang J Z. Experimental and model study of gas-liquid mass transfer enhancement by nanoparticles[D]. Beijing:Tsinghua University, 2014.
[38]
Ruthiya K C, Van der Schaaf J, Kuster B F M, et al. Mechanisms of physical and reaction enhancement of mass transfer in a gas inducing stirred slurry reactor[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2003,96(1-3):55-69.
