人为干扰对生态脆弱性动态演变过程的影响——以兰西城市群为例

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摘要以兰西城市群为例，采用空间主成分分析法（SPCA）对其进行生态脆弱性评价，并在此基础上引入人为干扰指数（HI），探讨人为干扰变化对生态脆弱性动态演变过程的影响.结果表明，1990~2020年，兰西城市群生态脆弱性由3.14减小到2.69，生态环境逐年改善.空间上，中度，重度和极度脆弱区主要集中在中西部河谷盆地及东部低海拔地区，微度和轻度脆弱区主要集中在中西部海拔较高的地区.1990~2020年，Moran's I由0.942略增至0.955，生态脆弱性空间聚集效应明显.1990~2020年间，生态恶化区面积减小了178.63km²，生态改善区面积增加了7189.08km²，生态恶化区主要分布在河谷盆地及东北部地区，生态改善区主要分布在东南部及中西部海拔较高的地区.区域内人为干扰指数由0.245增至0.252.中高度干扰区与生态恶化区的空间分布特征基本一致.人为干扰程度的增强使河谷盆地及东北部地区生态环境逐步恶化.研究结果可为兰西城市群的生态保护，土地资源利用和可持续发展提供有益借鉴.

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关键词 ：生态脆弱性, 空间主成分, 人为干扰, 土地利用类型, 兰西城市群

Abstract：Taking the Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration as an example, this paper uses the spatial principal component analysis (SPCA) method to evaluate its ecological vulnerability, and introduces the human disturbance index (HI) on this basis to explore the impact of human disturbance change on the dynamic evolution of ecological vulnerability. The results show that from 1990 to 2020, the ecological vulnerability of Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration decreased from 3.14 to 2.69, and the ecological environment improved year by year. Spatially, the medium, strong and extremely vulnerable areas are mainly concentrated in the valley basins in the central and western regions and the low-altitude areas in the east, while the negligible and light vulnerable areas are mainly concentrated in the higher altitude of the central and western regions. From 1990 to 2020, Moran's I increased slightly from 0.942 to 0.955, indicating an obvious spatial aggregation effect of ecological vulnerability. From 1990 to 2020, the ecological deterioration area decreased by 178.63km², and the ecological improvement area increased by 7189.08km². The ecological deterioration area was mainly distributed in the valley basin and the northeast region, while the ecological improvement area was mainly distributed in the southeast and the higher elevation areas in the central and western regions. The human disturbance index increased from 0.245 to 0.252, and the spatial distribution characteristics of the moderate-high interference area and the ecological deterioration area were basically consistent. With the increased level of human disturbance, the ecological environment of the river valley basin and the northeast area deteriorates gradually. The research results can provide useful reference for ecological protection, land resource utilization and sustainable development of Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration.

Key words： ecological vulnerability spatial principal component human disturbance land use type Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration

收稿日期: 2022-07-22

PACS:

X32

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（41771130）

通讯作者: 石培基,教授,xbsdspj@163.com E-mail: xbsdspj@163.com

作者简介: 石晶(1997-),男,甘肃天水人,西北师范大学硕士研究生,主要从事区域发展与规划管理方面的研究.发表论文1篇.

引用本文:

石晶, 石培基, 王梓洋, 万雅. 人为干扰对生态脆弱性动态演变过程的影响——以兰西城市群为例[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(3): 1317-1327. SHI Jing, SHI Pei-ji, WANG Zi-yang, WAN Ya. Effects of human disturbances on dynamic evolution of ecological vulnerability: A case study over Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(3): 1317-1327.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I3/1317

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