The effects of particulate matters (PM_2.5, PM_C, PM₁₀) on the number of outpatient visits due to acne were studied during dust weather and non-dust weather, as well as to filter out the sensitive population by gender and age stratification. By collecting data on the concentration of particulate matters, i.e., PM_2.5, PM_C, PM₁₀, as well as the corresponding meteorological data and the outpatient data of visits due to acne at 3 first-class grade three hospitals during dust weather and non-dust weather in Lanzhou between 2013 to 2017, the relationship between particulate matters concentration and daily outpatient visits due to acne and its lagging effect were analyzed using distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) based on Poisson distribution to constrain meteorological factors, seasonal and long-term trends, the day of week effect and other confounding factors. During the dust weather, the average daily outpatient visits due to acne at 3 first-class grade-three hospitals in Lanzhou were 26 person-times, ranging from 3 to 54 person-times; during non-dust weather, the daily outpatient visits due to acne were 37person-times, ranging from 1to 89person-times. According to the results of the single-pollutant model, the effects of PM_2.5, PM_C and PM₁₀ all peaked on lag6; for every 10μg/m³ increase in their concentration, the excess risk (ER) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of visits for acne were 1.065 (95%CI:0.260~1.877), 0.355 (95%CI:0.018~0.693), and 0.310 (95%CI:0.054~0.567) respectively, and PM_2.5 presented the most significant effect on the outpatient visits for acne. Analysis of different gender and age indicated that, PM_2.5 has a statistically significant effect on women, and for every 10μg/m³ increase in the concentration, the visits due to acne increased by 1.077 (95%CI:0.124~2.039); the 0-18-year-old group was significantly affected by PM_C and PM₁₀, the 19-24-year-old group was significantly affected by PM_2.5 and PM₁₀, while no statistical significance was found in the effect of particulate matters on the 25-34-year-old group as well as the ³35-year-old group. During non-dust weather, PM_2.5, PM_C and PM₁₀ did not increase the outpatient visits for acne. The double/multi-pollutant model demonstrated that after adjusting other pollutants, PM_2.5, PM_C and PM₁₀ had the similar effects on the outpatient visits for acne as the single-pollutant model, which were still statistically significant. Hence, it can be concluded that, the increments in particulate matters (PM_2.5, PM_C, PM₁₀) are likely to increase the risk of acne during dust weather in Lanzhou and have a significant effect on women and adolescents.