Characteristics and bioavailability of different forms of phosphorus in sediments of rivers flowing into Hongze Lake
WAN Jie1,2, YUAN Xu-yin1, YE Hong-meng3, YANG Xiao-fan2, TAO Li1
1. College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; 2. College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China; 3. College of Ecology and Resource Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China
Abstract：The distribution and bioavailability of phosphorus (P) forms in 67 surface sediments of 7 rivers flowing into Hongze Lake were studied. The influencing factors and environmental significance of the spatial occurrence characteristics of phosphorus forms were discussed. The main content of organic phosphorus (Po) in the sediments of the Western area was the non active organic phosphorus (NLOP), which accounted for the relative contribution of Po 50.41% The relative contribution of biological available inorganic phosphorus (BAP) was the highest, accounting for 70.57%. In the southwest and Northwest area, the main source of Po was middle active organic phosphorus (MLOP), and the main source of Pi was calcium bound inorganic phosphorus (HCl-Pi). Due to the influence of local geological background, the relative content of HCl-Pi in the Northwest area was the highest (42.99%). So as to slow down the movement of phosphorus and minimize the pollution. With the increasing pollution degree of sediment, the concentration of bioavailability Po increased, but the relative contribution of Po decreased. The concentration of HCl-Pi increased, and the relative contribution of Pi decreased, which was universal in the lake sediments with different eutrophication degree in China. The western and southwest areas were mainly affected by soil erosion, non-point source pollution and algae growth. With the relatively higher organic matter environment, the organic phosphorus components that can be degraded by organic matter (OM) were higher than those that can be mineralized. Under the condition of relatively weak water exchange capacity, most of the organic phosphorus components which were difficult to degrade were easy to deposit, resulting in higher BAP concentration and eutrophication processed in the western and southwest areas high degree. There was a significant correlation between the forms of Pi and Po in the sediments. The results showed that the trace ability of all forms of phosphorus was consistent. Under certain conditions, the active Po can be converted into the BAP, while the unbioavailable Po could be converted into the BAP, which increased the ecological risk of the river sediments from Hongze Lake. It could be seen that OM was the key factor for the transformation of various forms of phosphorus, which was closely related to the biochemical cycle of endogenous phosphorus in sediments. The spatial difference of phosphorus forms in the sediment of Hongze Lake was mainly caused by the input of agricultural exogenous pollutants, which aggravated the internal phosphorus load. For the West and the southwestern of areas, the agricultural non-point source pollution should be mainly controlled, and the collection, discharge and treatment facilities of rural sewage pipe network should be accelerated. According to the characteristics of the river, the "no breeding area" and "restricted breeding area" should be defined.In order to reduce the soil and water loss of agricultural land, it was suggested to increase the exchange rate of water body by copper enclosed net cage, no tillage or shallow cross slope ridge cultivation, and to follow the principle of a few times of fertilization. For the northwest area of Hongze Lake, we should focus on the prevention of soil erosion caused by excessive urbanization and the excessive pollution load on the ecological function protection area.
万杰, 袁旭音, 叶宏萌, 杨晓凡, 陶理. 洪泽湖不同入湖河流沉积物磷形态特征及生物有效性[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(10): 4568-4579.
WAN Jie, YUAN Xu-yin, YE Hong-meng, YANG Xiao-fan, TAO Li. Characteristics and bioavailability of different forms of phosphorus in sediments of rivers flowing into Hongze Lake. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(10): 4568-4579.
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