基于遥感的黑河流域生态环境变化特征及成因分析

乔雪梅; 刘普幸; 任媛; 司文洋; 花亚萍

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中国环境科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (9) : 3962-3971.

环境生态

基于遥感的黑河流域生态环境变化特征及成因分析

乔雪梅, 刘普幸, 任媛, 司文洋, 花亚萍

作者信息 +

Analysis of the characteristics and driving factors of ecological environment changes in Heihe river basin based on remote sensing data

QIAO Xue-mei, LIU Pu-xing, REN Yuan, SI Wen-yang, HUA Ya-ping

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

使用2001~2017年MODIS-EVI产品和2001，2009，2017年Landsat数据提取的湿度指数（WI）、沙漠化指数（DI）、改进归一化水体指数（MNDWI），并结合气象数据及其它数据，揭示黑河流域生态环境变化特征.结果显示：近17a来，研究区低、中高和高植被覆盖区的面积分别以36，29，132km²/a的速率增加，无植被、中植被覆盖区面积以185，11km²/a的速率递减，且夏季和上游植被覆盖度最高；2001~2009年流域水域面积扩大至3854.5km²，2009~2017年减少至2628.9km²，上游地区水体较多，水量由山岭向山麓递减，由西向东递增；流域湿度指数由2001年0.55上升到2017年0.65，高值中心主要位于上游地区和中游民乐县、山丹县以及金塔县；流域沙漠化程度先逆转后扩展，沙漠化土地主要分布于中游高台县、临泽县、金塔县和下游额济纳旗；流域气温、降水、潜在蒸散量和地区生产总值、第一产业、建成区面积及耕地面积是影响黑河流域生态环境变化的主要驱动因素.

Abstract

Satellite remote sensing products MODIS-EVI from 2001 to 2017, wetness index (WI), desertification index (DI) and modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI) extracted from Landsat data in 2001, 2009, and 2017, meteorological data and other social economic data sets were used to reveal the characteristics of ecological environment changes and driving factors in Heihe River Basin. The results showed that, the areas of low, medium-high, and high vegetation coverage increased at the rates of 36,29 and 132km²/a, respectively. While the areas of non-vegetation and medium vegetation coverage decreased at the rates of 185 and 11km²/a, respectively. The highest vegetation coverage was in upper reaches, and during summer times. The total water area in the basin first increased to 3854.5km² from 2001 to 2009, then decreased to 2628.9km² from 2009 to 2017. More water bodies were found in the upper reaches, the decreased water volume from mountains to foothills, and the increased water volume from west to east. The wetness index in the research area increased from 0.55 in 2001 to 0.65 in 2017, with the higher value were mainly distributed in the upper reaches and several counties (Minle, Shandan and Jinta) of middle reaches. The desertified areas were mainly distributed in Gaotai, Linze and Jinta counties of middle reaches and Ejina Banner of lower reaches, and the degree of desertification firstly reversed and then expanded. Meteorological factors of temperature, precipitation, potential evaporation, socio-economic factors like gross domestic production (GDP), primary industry, developed area and cultivated land area were found to be the significant driving factors contributing to these ecological environment evolution in Heihe River Basin.

导出引用

乔雪梅, 刘普幸, 任媛, 司文洋, 花亚萍. 基于遥感的黑河流域生态环境变化特征及成因分析[J]. 中国环境科学. 2020, 40(9): 3962-3971

QIAO Xue-mei, LIU Pu-xing, REN Yuan, SI Wen-yang, HUA Ya-ping. Analysis of the characteristics and driving factors of ecological environment changes in Heihe river basin based on remote sensing data[J]. China Environmental Science. 2020, 40(9): 3962-3971

中图分类号： X171.1

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