Responses and assessment of water ecological state in restored and unrestored areas of a small urban lake after ecological restoration
SU Xiao-mei1,2, XUE Qing-ju2, WAN Xiang3, XIE Li-qiang2
1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing 210036, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; 3. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, MEE, Nanjing 210042, China
Abstract:This research aims to study the long-term variations on aquatic ecological state in different regions of a small urban lake after ecological restoration, and the applicability of using different aquatic organisms to evaluate water ecological state, the water quality and different aquatic communities in Songya Lake, a small urban lake in Hunan Province, this monitoring was performance monthly and quarterly from January 2018 to May 2019, and the water ecological state was evaluated. After restoration, the results showed that the water ecological status of the whole lake was better than that of before restoration. The decrease rates of Chl-a and CODMn were nearly to 90%, and for TP it was more than 70%. The concentrations of TN, NH3-N and TP in the restored area and the un-restored area, all showed a decreasing trend, and the others water quality indexes were also at a low level with relatively small variation during the survey; However, most of the indexes were better in the restored area. The higher contents of CODMn in the restored area were probably related to the exogenous input and more submerged plant residues. In addition, the numbers of species and biodiversity indexes of phytoplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthos in the restoration area were higher than those in the un-restored area, and the densities of phytoplankton and zooplankton were also higher than those in the un-restored area. The evaluated results of water ecology showed that the restored area and the un-restored area performed well in most of the time. Among the different biological indexes, the zooplankton species indicators were the most accurate in Songya Lake, this finding suggested that in order to use a single aquatic biota to evaluate the water ecological state of the water body, an appropriate biota should be selected for this evaluation according to the characteristics of the water environment and the objectives pursued.
苏小妹, 薛庆举, 万翔, 谢丽强. 小型湖泊修复区与未修复区对生态修复的响应与评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022, 42(1): 302-312.
SU Xiao-mei, XUE Qing-ju, WAN Xiang, XIE Li-qiang. Responses and assessment of water ecological state in restored and unrestored areas of a small urban lake after ecological restoration. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(1): 302-312.
秦伯强, 张运林, 高光, 等. 湖泊生态恢复的关键因子分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2014, 33(7): 918-924. Qin Boqiang, Zhang Yunlin, Gao Guang, et al. Key factors affecting lake ecological restoration [J]. Progress in Geography, 2014, 33(7): 918-924.
[2]
薛庆举, 汤祥明, 龚志军, 等. 典型城市湖泊五里湖底栖动物群落演变特征及其生态修复应用建议[J]. 湖泊科学, 2020, 32(3): 762-771. Xue Qingju, Tang Xiangming, Gong Zhijun, et al. Succession of macrozoobenthic communities and implications for ecological restoration in an urban Lake Wuli, Jiangsu Province [J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2020, 32(3): 762-771.
[3]
濮培民. 改善太湖马山水厂水源区水质的物理-生态工程实验研究[J]. 湖泊科学, 1993, 5(2): 171-180. Pu Peimin. An experimental study on the physio-ecological engineering for improving Taihu Lake water quality in water source area of Mashan drinking water plant [J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 1993, 5(2): 171-180.
[4]
李文朝. 浅型富营养湖泊的生态恢复——五里湖水生植被重建实验[J]. 湖泊科学, 1996, 8(S1): 1-10. Li Wenchao. Ecological restoration of shallow, eutrophic lakes— experimental studies on the recovery of aquatic vegetation in Wuli Lake [J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 1996, 8(S1): 1-10.
[5]
杨凤娟, 蒋任飞, 饶伟民, 等. 沉水植物在富营养化浅水湖泊修复中的生态机理[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2016, 44(26): 58-61. Yang Fengjuan, Jiang Renfei, Rao Weimin, et al. Ecological mechanisms of submerged macrophytes in the restoration of eutrophic shallow lakes [J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 44(26): 58-61.
[6]
王志强, 崔爱花, 缪建群, 等. 淡水湖泊生态系统退化驱动因子及修复技术研究进展[J]. 生态学报, 2017, 37(18): 6253-6264. Wang Zhiqiang, Cui Aihua, Miu Jianquan, et al. Research progress on the driving factors of freshwater lake ecosystem degradation and associated restoration techniques [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37(18): 6253-6264.
[7]
谢季遥, 陈星, 许钦, 等. 城市湖泊生态修复的水质响应研究[J]. 水资源与水工程学报, 2019, 30(1): 53-59. Xie Jiyao, Chen Xing, Xu Qin, et al. Study on water quality response for urban lake ecological restoration [J]. Journal of Water Resources & Water Engineering, 2019, 30(1): 53-59.
[8]
齐延凯, 孟顺龙, 范立民, 等. 湖泊生态修复技术研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(26): 84-93. Qi Yankai, Meng Shunlong, Fan Limin, et al. Ecological restoration technology of lakes: Research progress [J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2019, 35(26): 84-93.
[9]
刘韩, 王汉席, 盛连喜. 中国湖泊水体富营养化生态治理技术研究进展[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2020, 59(1): 5-10. Liu Han, Wang Hanxi, Sheng Lianxi. Progress of ecological control techniques for eutrophication of lakes in China [J]. Hubei Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 59(1): 5-10.
[10]
黄小龙, 郭艳敏, 万斌, 等. 沉水植物恢复对城市富营养化湖泊生态环境影响[J]. 环境工程, 2018, 36(7): 17-21. Huang Xiaolong, Guo Yanmin, Wan Bin, et al. Effect of submerged macrophytes restoration on the ecological environment of urban eutrophic lake [J]. Environmental Engineering, 2018, 36(7): 17-21.
[11]
吴家乐, 甘磊, 刘素霞, 等. 修复对湖北洋澜湖富营养化与生态状况的影响: 基于大型无脊椎底栖动物的评价[J]. 湖泊科学, 2019, 31(6): 1547-1558. Wu Jiale, Gan Lei, Liu Suxia, et al. Effect of restoration on the eutrophication and ecological status of Lake Yanglan (Hubei Province): Assessment based on macroinvertebrates [J]. Journal of Lake Scineces, 2019, 31(6): 1547-1558.
[12]
朱海涛, 湛若云, 彭玉, 等. 澜沧江源区浮游植物群落特征及其对水质的指示作用[J]. 水生态学杂志, 2020, 41(1): 16-21. Zhu Haitao, Zhan Ruoyun, Peng Yu, et al. Phytoplankton structure and water quality assessment in the source region of Lancang River [J]. Journal of Hydroecology, 2020, 41(1): 16-21.
[13]
杨玉霞, 沈强, 胡俊, 等. 石头河水库浮游生物群落结构及水生态评价[J]. 水生态学杂志, 2019, 40(6): 24-29. Yang Yuxia, Shen Qiang, Hu Jun, et al. Plankton community structure and water ecology assessment in Shitouhe Reservoir, Shaanxi Province [J]. Journal of Hydroecology, 2019, 40(6): 24-29.
[14]
赵永晶, 王洪铸, 崔永德. 巢湖沿岸带底栖动物群落结构及其环境质量评价[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2020, 51(3): 520-527. Zhao Yongjing, Wang Hongtao, Cui Yongde. Community structure of macrozoobenthos and environmental quality assessment in littoralzone of Chao Lake [J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2020, 51(3): 520-527.
[15]
张玮, 赵风斌, 徐后涛, 等. 松雅湖成湖初期夏季浮游植物群落及其与环境因子的关系[J]. 生物学杂志, 2017, 34(3): 47-52. Zhang Wei, Zhao Fengbin, Xu Houtao, et al. The community structures of phytoplankton from Lake Songya and its relationship to environmental factors in summer during the early completed period [J]. Journal of Biology, 2017, 34(3): 47-52.
[16]
李明惠, 恭映璧, 钟淳. 松雅湖国家湿地公园生态功能分析[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2012, 32(12): 38-41. Li Minghui, Gong Yingbi, Zhong Chun. Analysis on ecological function of Songya Lake National Wetland Park [J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2012, 32(12): 38-41.
[17]
尹勇. 城市湿地公园水系规划研究[D]. 长沙: 湖南农业大学, 2010. Yin Yong. Research on the planning of water -system in urban wetland park[D]. Changsha: Hunan Agricultural University, 2010.
[18]
顾毓蓉, 薛庆举, 万翔, 等. 基于P-IBI因子分析法评价生态修复后松雅湖水生态状况[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2020, 26(6): 1325-1334. Gu Yurong, Xue Qingju, Wan Xiang, et al. Aquatic ecosystem states evaluation based on P-IBI factor analysis in Songya Lake after ecological restoration [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology, 2020, 26(6): 1325-1334.
[19]
金相灿, 屠清瑛. 湖泊富营养化调查规范[M]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 1990: 160-270. Jin Xiangcan, Tu Qingying. The standard methods for observation and analysis in lake eutrophication [M]. Beijing: Chinese Environmental Science Press, 1990: 160-270.
[20]
GB 3838-2002地表水环境质量标准[S]. GB 3838-2002 Environmental quality standards for surface water [S].
[21]
金相灿, 刘鸿亮, 屠清瑛, 等. 中国湖泊富营养化[M]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 1990: 127-128. Jin Xiangcan, Liu Hongliang, Tu Qingying, et al. China lake eutrophication [M]. Beijing: Chinese Environmental Science Press, 1990: 127-128.
[22]
Shannon C E, Weaver W. The Mathematical Theory of Communication [J]. Bell Labs Technical Journal, 1950, 26(3): 321-321.
[23]
彭松耀, 李新正, 徐勇, 等. 十年间黄海大型底栖动物优势种的变化[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2017, 48(3): 536-542. Peng Songyao, Li Xinzheng, Xu Yong, et al. Variation of macrobenthos in Yellow Sea in past 10years [J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2017, 48(3): 536-542.
[24]
周驰, 周念来, 苗滕. 湖北省典型湖泊水生态现状与综合评价[J]. 中国水运, 2015, 15(8): 168-170. Zhou Chi, Zhou Nianlai, Miao Teng. Current status and evaluation of water ecology of typical lakes in Hubei province [J]. China Water Transport, 2015, 15(8): 168-170.
[25]
Pandey V C, Bauddh K. Phytomanagement of Polluted Sites: Eco-Restoration Potential of Vegetation for Contaminated Water Bodies[M]. Elsevier, 2019: 425-446.
[26]
Dhir B, P Sharmila, PP Saradhi. Potential of Aquatic Macrophytes for Removing Contaminants from the Environment [J]. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2009, 39(9): 754-781.
[27]
程娜, 刘来胜, 徐建新, 等. 中国水生植物群落构建与优化配置研究进展[J]. 人民珠江, 2019, 40(12): 90-96. Cheng Na, Liu Laisheng, Xu Jianxin, et al. Research progress on construction and optimal allocation of aquatic plant communities in China [J]. Pearl River, 2019, 40(12): 90-96.
[28]
吕丽萍. 挺水植物残体分解对冷季型植物浮床氮去除的影响及调控[D]. 南京: 南京大学, 2019. Lv Liping. Effects and regulation of decomposition of emergent aquatic plant residues on nitrogen removal in floating beds employing cold-season macrophytes[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University, 2019.
[29]
曾海逸, 钟萍, 赵雪枫, 等. 热带浅水湖泊后生浮游动物群落结构对生态修复的响应[J]. 湖泊科学, 2016, 28(1): 170-177. Zeng Haiyi, Zhong Ping, Zhao Xuefeng, et al. Response of metazoan zooplankton communities to ecological restoration in a tropical shallow lake [J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2016, 28(1): 170-177.
[30]
闵婷婷, 刘正文, 李传红. 惠州西湖生态修复对浮游植物的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2011, 20(4): 701-705. Min Tingting, Liu Zhengwen, Li Chuanhong. Comparative studies of phytoplankton communities in restored and un-restored areas in Huizhou West Lake [J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2011, 20(4): 701-705.
[31]
高健, 周敏, 闵婷婷, 等. 惠州西湖生态修复对浮游植物功能类群的影响[J]. 生态科学, 2013, 32(5): 540-545, 563. Gao Jian, Zhou Min, Min Tingting, et al. Response of the phytoplankton functional groups to ecological restoration in Huizhou Lake [J]. Ecological Science, 2013, 32(5): 540-545, 563.
[32]
苗滕, 高健, 陈炳辉, 等. 惠州西湖生态修复对浮游甲壳动物群落结构的影响[J]. 生态科学, 2013, 32(3): 324-330. Miao Teng, Gao Jian, Chen Binghui, et al. The effects of ecological restoration on the community structures of planktonic crustaceans in Huizhou West Lake [J]. Ecological Science, 2013, 32(3): 324-330.
[33]
Ghadouani A, Pinel-Alloul B, Prepas E E. Effects of experimentally induced cyanobacterial blooms on crustacean zooplankton communities[J]. Freshwater Biology, 2003, 48(2): 363-381.
[34]
Hall DJ, Threlkeld ST, Crowley B. The size-efficiency hypothesis and the size structure of zooplankton communities [J]. Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics, 1976, 7: 177-208.
[35]
de Castro Vasconcelos M, Melo A S. An experimental test of the effects of inorganic sediment addition on benthic macroinvertebrates of a subtropical stream [J]. Hydrobiologia, 2008, 610(1): 321-329.
[36]
Pan B Z, Wang H Z, Pusch M T, et al. Macroinvertebrate responses to regime shifts caused by eutrophication in subtropical shallow lakes [J]. Freshwater Science, 2015, 34(3): 942-952.
[37]
刘保元, 邱东茹, 吴振斌. 富营养浅湖水生植被重建对底栖动物的影响[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 1997, 3(4): 323-327. Liu Baoyuan, Qiu Dongru, Wu Zhenbin. Effects of reestablishment of aquatic macrophytes on zoobenthos in a eutrophic shallow lake [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology, 1997, 3(4): 323-327.
[38]
Bazzanti M, Mastrantuono L, Pilotto F. Depth-related response of macroinvertebrates to the reversal of eutrophication in a mediterranean lake: Implications for ecological assessment [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 579: 456-465.
[39]
Phiri C, Chakona A, Day J A. Macroinvertebrates associated with two submerged macrophytes, Lagarosiphon Ilicifolius and Vallisneria Aethiopica, in the Sanyati Basin, Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe: Effect of plant morphological complexity [J]. African Journal of Aquatic Science, 2012, 37(3): 277-288.
[40]
胡春英. 不同湖泊演替过程中浮游动物数量及多样性的研究[J]. 水生生物学报, 1999, 23(3): 217-226. Hu Chunying. The density and diversity of zooplanktons in the succession of five lakes [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 1999, 23(3): 217-226.
[41]
吴振斌, 邱东茹, 贺锋, 等. 沉水植物重建对富营养水体氮磷营养水平的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(8): 1351-1353. Wu Zhenbin, Qiu Dongru, He Feng, et al. Effects of rehabilitation of submerged macrophytes on nutrient level of a eutrophic lake [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, 14(8): 1351-1353.
[42]
段学花, 王兆印, 余国安. 以底栖动物为指示物种对长江流域水生态进行评价[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2009, 18(3): 241-247. Duan Xuehua, Wang Zhaoyin, Yu Guoan. Ecological assessment of the Yangtze River eco-system with benthic invertebrate as indicator species [J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2009, 18(3): 241-247.
[43]
刘麟菲, 徐宗学, 殷旭旺, 等. 济南市不同区域水生生物与水环境因子的响应关系[J]. 湖泊科学, 2019, 31(4): 998-1011. Liu Linfei, Xu Zongxue, Yin Xuwang, et al. Response of aquatic organism richness to physiochemical factors at different regions in Jinan City [J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2019, 31(4): 998-1011.
[44]
周笑白, 张宁红, 张咏, 等. 太湖水质与水生生物健康的关联性初探[J]. 环境科学, 2014, 35(1): 271-278. Zhou Xiaobai, Zhang Ninghong, Zhang Yong, et al. Preliminary study on the relationship between the water quality and the aquatic biological health status of Taihu Lake [J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(1): 271-278.
[45]
金小伟, 王业耀, 王备新, 等. 我国流域水生态完整性评价方法构建[J]. 中国环境监测, 2017, 33(1): 75-81. Jin Xiaowei, Wang Yeyao, Wang Beixin, et al. Methods development for monitoring and assessment of ecological integrity of surface waters in China [J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2017, 33(1): 75-81.
[46]
Allan J D, McIntyre P B, Smith S D P, et al. Joint analysis of stressors and ecosystem services to enhance restoration effectiveness[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013, 110(1): 372-377.
[47]
Neeson T M, Smith S D P, Allan J D, et al. Prioritizing ecological restoration among sites in multi-stressor landscapes[J]. Ecological Applications, 2016, 26(6): 1785-1796.