典型污水处理工艺中N2O排放特征差异及机制

陈慧玲; 齐鲁; 陈加波; 夏智恒; 李乾岗; 敖梓鼎; 姜昭; 张彤彤; 王洪臣; 刘国华

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2) : 718-726.

水污染与控制

典型污水处理工艺中N₂O排放特征差异及机制

陈慧玲, 齐鲁, 陈加波, 夏智恒, 李乾岗, 敖梓鼎, 姜昭, 张彤彤, 王洪臣, 刘国华

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Mechanisms and differences of N₂O emission characteristics in typical wastewater treatment processes

CHEN Hui-ling, QI Lu, CHEN Jia-bo, XIA Zhi-heng, LI Qian-gang, AO Zi-ding, JIANG Zhao, ZHANG Tong-tong, WANG Hong-chen, LIU Guo-hua

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摘要

主要对比了SBR和AAO这两类典型污水处理工艺中N₂O的排放特征,并分析引起差异的机制.结果表明,按照SBR的总氮去除量计算的N₂O排放因子为2.36%,比AAO高1.92倍.其中好氧段为两种工艺中N₂O产生的主要阶段,占总产生量的90%以上.间歇运行的SBR工艺相较于连续运行的AAO工艺,低DO时间占比更久,在好氧运行开始时会发生NH₄⁺-N浓度的突增,且存在NO₂^--N的高浓度积累.微生物菌群结构及酶活性分析显示了SBR工艺的硝化细菌AOB/NOB比值及NOR活性分别为AAO工艺的1.7倍和1.4倍,进一步促进好氧阶段AOB介导的硝化反硝化途径产生更多的N₂O,这是SBR具有高N₂O排放因子的本质原因.

Abstract

This study mainly compared the emission characteristics of N₂O in two typical wastewater treatment processes, SBR and AAO, and analyzed the mechanisms that cause the differences.. The results indicated that according to the total nitrogen removal efficiency of the SBR process, the N₂O emission factor (EF) was 2.36%, which is 1.92 times higher than that of the AAO process. The aerobic phase was identified as the primary stage for N₂O production in both processes, accounting for over 90% of the total N₂O generated. Compared to the continuously AAO process, the sequencing SBR process exhibited a longer duration of low DO conditions. A sudden increase in NH₄⁺-N concentration o and a high accumulation of NO₂^--N ccurred at the onset of the aerobic phase. Analysis of the microbial community structure and enzyme activity revealed that SBR process had a higher ratio of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) to nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and a higher nitrite reductase (NOR) activity, which were 1.7 and 1.4 times those of the AAO process, respectively. This further facilitated the production of more N₂O through the AOB-mediated nitrification-denitrification pathway during the aerobic phase, which is the intrinsic mechanism for the high N₂O emission factor of the SBR process.

导出引用

陈慧玲, 齐鲁, 陈加波, 夏智恒, 李乾岗, 敖梓鼎, 姜昭, 张彤彤, 王洪臣, 刘国华. 典型污水处理工艺中N₂O排放特征差异及机制[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(2): 718-726

CHEN Hui-ling, QI Lu, CHEN Jia-bo, XIA Zhi-heng, LI Qian-gang, AO Zi-ding, JIANG Zhao, ZHANG Tong-tong, WANG Hong-chen, LIU Guo-hua. Mechanisms and differences of N₂O emission characteristics in typical wastewater treatment processes[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(2): 718-726

中图分类号： X511

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